Deck 44: Pediatrics

Question 1

You should classify a 5 month old patient as a(n)

A) older infant.
B) toddler.
C) neonate.
D) young infant.

Answer 1

young infant.

Question 2

How many breaths per minute are normal for a 7 year old child?

A) 20 to 30
B) 30 to 50
C) 16 to 30
D) 12 to 20

Answer 2

16 to 30

Question 3

The area between the vocal cords that is more anterior in a child, is called the

A) glottic opening.
B) larynx.
C) trachea tube.
D) esophagus.

Answer 3

glottic opening.

Question 4

The normal heart rate for a 14 month old child at rest is ______ beats per minute.

A) 70 to 110
B) 80 to 130
C) 80 to 120
D) 120 to 160

Question 5

You are checking the blood pressure of an 11 month old child. Which of the following should be the lower limit of normal systolic blood pressure?

A) Greater than 60 mm Hg or strong central pulse
B) Greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg
C) Greater than 70 + (2 x age in years)
D) Greater than 70 mm Hg or strong central pulse

Question 6

You are assessing your 8 year old patient and find that she has pale, whitish skin. You should likely NOT suspect:

A) poor perfusion.
B) inadequate breathing.
C) hypothermia or cardiac arrest.
D) shock or anxiety.

Question 7

Most newborns have some degree of jaundice after birth that typically clears after

A) 2 to 4 days.
B) 10 days.
C) 14 days.
D) 5 to 7 days.

Question 8

You are assessing a responsive child who is seated and leaning forward. How should you position her during your assessment?

A) Place her in a supine position.
B) Have her move to a reclining recumbent position.
C) Have her maintain her current position.
D) Place her in the sniffing position.

Question 9

Which of the following is a condition that can affect the upper-airway in children?

A) Asthma
B) Bronchitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Croup

Question 10

Your 10 year old patient is very sleepy, is unable to sit up without assistance, and she has nasal flaring, a shallow chest rise, and pale skin. You suspect

A) respiratory failure.
B) meningitis.
C) shock.
D) cardiopulmonary failure.

Question 11

Your 6 year old patient has decreased urine output, a rapid respiratory rate, cold, clammy skin and has a normal blood pressure reading. You should suspect

A) shock.
B) fever.
C) cardiopulmonary failure.
D) respiratory distress.

Question 12

Your 3 year old patient has a delayed capillary refill, decreased urine output, weak peripheral pulses, and is currently crying without tear production. Her breathing is adequate. You should first:

A) encourage the child to drink fluids.
B) administer oxygen at 15 L/min by non-rebreather mask.
C) request ALS assistance and transportation.
D) administer blow-by oxygen and place the child in a supine position.

Question 13

You are called to the scene where a 6 year old boy has swallowed pills that he found in the bathroom. He is responsive and his breathing is adequate. You should

A) provide oxygen via non-rebreather mask.
B) administer activated charcoal and transport emergently.
C) determine why the child was alone with unsecured medication.
D) securely dispose of the pill bottle and extra pills.

Question 14

Your 6 month old patient's mother reports that she has had decreased activity and poor feeding over the past 2 days. She is irritable, has a high-pitched cry and you notice a bulging fontanel. Which of the following do you suspect as the cause of her symptoms?

A) Meningitis
B) Trauma
C) Respiratory distress
D) Cardiopulmonary failure

Question 15

When performing a finger sweep on an unresponsive child, you should

A) use your little finger when performing the finger sweep.
B) wipe any liquids from the airway with a gauze pad.
C) open the airway with a head-tilt-chin-lift.
D) roll her to her side before beginning the finger sweep.

Question 16

You are assessing the level of responsiveness of your 1 year old patient. The child is crying throughout the exam, but is comforted when the mother picks her up. This tells you that the child has a

A) severely altered status
B) moderately altered status
C) mildly altered status
D) normal mental status

Question 17

Your 6 year old patient has a faster than normal breathing rate, is wheezing, and you can see her using neck muscles to breathe. She is likely suffering from which condition?

A) Cardiopulmonary Failure
B) Shock
C) Respiratory Failure
D) Respiratory Distress

Question 18

In pediatric patients, a low level of oxygen in the blood, head trauma, seizures, infection, low blood sugar, and drug or alcohol ingestion are the most common causes of which of the following?

A) Accidental drowning
B) Altered mental status
C) Respiratory distress
D) Cardiopulmonary failure

Question 19

When providing care for a child with a respiratory problem, reassess the patient's condition at least every ___ minutes.

A) 3
B) 5
C) 8
D) 10

Question 20

Seizures from fever are common in children until they reach age

A) 7
B) 1
C) 3
D) 5

Question 21

Which of the following BEST describes a scenario in which a child could have an altered mental status, uncontrolled muscle movements, and a loss of bowel or bladder control?

A) Seizure
B) Drowning
C) Poisoning
D) Shock

Question 22

Your pediatric patient is unresponsive with a fast pulse, inadequate breathing and gurgling respirations. You notice his abdomen is distended and has pale, cool and clammy skin. Which of the following do you suspect?

A) Poisoning
B) Drowning
C) Allergic reaction
D) All may be correct.
E) None of these are correct.

Question 23

Your 3 month old infant patient was found in his bed apneic and pulseless. He had frothy sputum around his mouth, dark bruising on the underside of his body, and your efforts to resuscitate him are not successful. You should suspect

A) respiratory distress syndrome.
B) sudden infant death syndrome.
C) respiratory failure.
D) cardiopulmonary arrest.

Question 24

The rear fontanel on an infant does not completely close until about which age?

A) 6 months
B) 18 months
C) 12 months
D) 9 months

Question 25

In the picture below, the arrow is pointing to which of the following?

A) Compact bone
B) Epiphyseal plate
C) Growth plate
D) Medullary cavity

Question 26

You should classify an 11 month old patient as a(n)

A) Toddler
B) Young Infant
C) Older Infant
D) Neonate

Question 27

A child's head is proportionately larger and heavier than an adult's until the age

A) 6
B) 8
C) 4
D) 2

Question 28

Which of the following is the normal number of breaths per minute for a 4 to 5 year old child?

A) 20 to 30
B) 16 to 30
C) 30 to 50
D) 12 to 20

Question 29

The tube through which air passes from the mouth to the lungs and which is softer, more flexible and smaller in children, is called the

A) esophagus
B) larynx
C) epiglottis
D) trachea

Question 30

The normal heart rate for a 10 month old child at rest is ___________ beats per minute.

A) 80 to 130
B) 80 to 140
C) 120 to 160
D) 80 to 120

Question 31

Which of the following should be the lower limit of normal systolic blood pressure in an 8 year old child?

A) Greater than 70 mm Hg or strong central pulse
B) Greater than 60 + (2 x age in years)
C) Greater than 60 mm Hg or strong central pulse
D) Greater than 70 + (2 x age in years)

Question 32

Your four year old patient has cyanotic lips. You should suspect

A) inadequate breathing.
B) cardiac arrest.
C) heat exposure.
D) severe anxiety.

Question 33

Most newborns have some degree of jaundice after birth. This condition typically peaks between days ______ and clears after 2 weeks.

A) 2 to 4
B) 8 to 10
C) 4 to 6
D) 6 to 8

Question 34

You are assessing a child who is responsive and is seated with her head and chin thrust forward slightly. In the case of severe respiratory distress, how should you position her?

A) Place her in a supine position.
B) Have her move to a reclining recumbent position.
C) Have her maintain her sniffing position.
D) Place her in the tripod position.

Question 35

Select the BEST response: When performing a finger sweep on an unresponsive child you should

A) use your index finger when performing the finger sweep.
B) remove the object with a gloved finger positioned like a hook.
C) wipe any liquids out of the mouth with a gauze pad.
D) roll him to his side before beginning the finger sweep.

Question 36

You need to suction a baby's mouth and nose using a bulb syringe. You should

A) insert bulb into baby's nose, squeeze, and release.
B) insert bulb into baby's mouth, squeeze, and release.
C) squeeze bulb, insert into baby's nose first, and release.
D) squeeze bulb, insert into baby's mouth first, and release.

Question 37

What is the least reliable indicator of adequate circulation in children?

A) Pulse reading taken at the carotid artery
B) Comparison of femoral artery and dorsalis pedis pulses
C) Capillary refill
D) Blood pressure reading

Question 38

A 5 year old child is alert and sitting up, but has an ineffective cough and you hear a crowing sound on inhalation. You should

A) position him in the tripod position in his caregiver's lap.
B) ask him to lie on his back and take several deep breaths.
C) transport him to the hospital with lights and sirens on.
D) suspect a partial obstruction and clear his airway.

Question 39

Which of the following conditions can affect the lower-airway in children?

A) Sleep Apnea
B) Croup
C) Epiglottitis
D) Pneumonia

Question 40

Select the BEST response: You are providing emergency care to an infant with a fever. You should

A) use alcohol wipes on the chest and extremities.
B) transport for emergency care immediately.
C) sponge him gently with lukewarm water.
D) cover him lightly with a blanket.

Question 41

Which of the following conditions causes death in apparently healthy children, ages 2 to 4 months old, and most often occurs at night?

A) Sudden infant death syndrome.
B) Primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
C) Cardiopulmonary failure.
D) Febrile seizure.

Question 42

A child was found submerged in a swimming pool and has just been removed from the water. As part of treatment, you should:

A) cover the child with warmed blankets.
B) prepare for rapid transport to the hospital.
C) suction the child's airway and provide oxygen.
D) attach an automated external defibrillator immediately.

Question 43

The top fontanel on an infant remains open until about which age?

A) 9 months
B) 6 months
C) 18 months
D) 12 months

Question 44

When you arrive on the scene of a pediatric call, you should FIRST:

A) begin your assessment/examination of the child.
B) determine the mechanism of injury or nature of illness.
C) form a general impression from across the room.
D) search for and grab your pediatric equipment.