Deck 3: Politics

Question 1

Your textbook discusses Yazoo City, Mississippi, during the late 1950s. For every $245 spent by the city for a white child for educational expenses, how many dollars were dedicated per black child?

A) $215
B) $183
C) $115
D) $63
E) $3

Answer 1

$3

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding sharecropping is true?

A) white planters gave blacks a small piece of land on which to grow crops and live
B) black sharecroppers often lived in squalid shacks on the land
C) black sharecroppers gave white planters a portion of their crop
D) black sharecroppers lived under a system of unending debt
E) all of these

Answer 2

all of these

Question 3

Which one of the following was a tactic employed to keep blacks from voting after they had won the right to legally participate in elections?

A) told they had to be property owners
B) a white person had to vouch for their character
C) complicated literacy tests
D) asked questions intended to humiliate them
E) all of these

Answer 3

all of these

Question 4

Who wrote "We know through painful experience…that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed."

A) Malcolm X
B) Fred Shuttlesworth
C) Martin Luther King
D) Emmett Till
E) none of these

Question 5

Which of the following institutions served as an institutional hub for the Civil Rights Movement?

A) the NAACP
B) black colleges
C) magazine The Crisis
D) the black church
E) none of these

Question 6

Which one of the following was a direct result of the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

A) a Supreme Court ruling outlawing racial segregation on buses
B) trained hundreds of black activists in tactics of nonviolent resistance
C) news of the boycott inspired others to confront racial domination directly
D) organized black clergy as a political force
E) all of these

Question 7

The group Miss Baker helped to form, with initials SNCC and pronounced "snick,"stood for the:

A) Student Northern Conference Centre.
B) Southern National Confederate Committee.
C) Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.
D) Southern Nonviolent Committee Center.
E) none of these

Question 8

Who initiated the Freedom Rides in 1961?

A) black community elders
B) the NAACP
C) young people
D) the black church
E) none of these

Question 9

In 1961, the SNCC found itself in somewhat of a crisis because some members wanted to continue engaging in direct action aimed at desegregation, while others wanted to focus on:

A) sit ins.
B) Freedom Rides.
C) court battles.
D) voter registration.
E) none of these

Question 10

What term did Miss Baker use to refer to the nitty-gritty, tiresome, and unglamorous labor of chipping away at the white power structure day-by-day and door-to-door?

A) spadework
B) reparations
C) tyranny of the majority
D) forty acres and a mule
E) none of these

Question 11

Before 1961, at most, how many blacks out of one thousand were registered to vote in several Mississippi counties?

A) 250
B) 175
C) 65
D) 25
E) 2

Question 12

Which of the following was a goal of the massive 1964 project known as the Freedom Summer?

A) physically challenging local police
B) challenging state supreme court
C) distributing weapons to community poor
D) prosecuting members of KKK
E) bringing quality education to poorest areas

Question 13

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 resulted in which of the following?

A) prohibition of voter discrimination
B) outlawing of literacy tests for voting
C) power to oversee voter registration given to federal government
D) increased voter participation by over 300% in some states
E) all of these

Question 14

Which of the following individuals cofounded the United Farm Workers of America?

A) Rufino Contreras
B) Wilma Mankiller
C) Cesar Chavez
D) Miss Baker
E) none of these

Question 15

Whose life was ended after protesting the awful working conditions of lettuce pickers in 1979?

A) Rufino Contreras
B) Wilma Mankiller
C) Cesar Chavez
D) Miss Baker
E) none of these

Question 16

The brief but consequential Six-Day War of 1967 involved all of the following countries except:

A) Syria
B) Iraq
C) Jordan
D) Iran
E) Israel

Question 17

Who went on strike at the campuses of San Francisco State College and the University of California-Berkeley in the late 1960s demanding a "relevant education"?

A) SNCC
B) Wilma Mankiller
C) Third World Liberation Front
D) Cesar Chavez
E) none of these

Question 18

George Wallace, when he blocked entrance to two black students at the University of Alabama, taught Republican politicians which of the following lessons?

A) politicians who opposed racial justice could garner great support from white voters
B) each publicly progressive white voter is a segregationist on the inside
C) promote white supremacy explicitly
D) a great number of citizens will vote for a KKK candidate
E) none of these

Question 19

President Lyndon Johnson said "Freedom is not enough"and that we need to also seek out opportunity and equality as a:

A) right.
B) theory.
C) fact.
D) result.
E) all of these

Question 20

Since 1960, in how many elections out of 11 have most whites backed the GOP ticket?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 5
D) 7
E) 10

Question 21

In 2000, four out of ten registered white voters were Democrats, whereas how many registered black voters out of ten backed the party?

A) one
B) three
C) five
D) eight
E) ten

Question 22

When the United States stopped legally supporting racial segregation, racial domination abruptly ended.

Question 23

One hundred years after the Emancipation Proclamation, freedom had not come to African Americans.

Question 24

According to traditional Southern politeness, African American grandparents would be referred to as Mr. or Mrs. by whites.

Question 25

Sharecropping is considered an informal form of slavery.

Question 26

Women won the right to vote with the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment in 1870.

Question 27

By 1940, lynching of blacks in Mississippi practically stopped.

Question 28

The NAACP was an organization that battled racial domination primarily through violent street protests at the turn of the twentieth century.

Question 29

At one time the NAACP was outlawed in several Southern states.

Question 30

During the mid-twentieth century, civil rights organizing shifted from a model based on direct action to one based on legal action.

Question 31

As the Montgomery Bus Boycott spread, whites flocked to organizations such as the White Citizen Counsel and the KKK.

Question 32

One of the first major demonstrations invented and orchestrated by students were sit-ins.

Question 33

By the summer of 1960, many cities had desegregated their lunch counters as a result of sit-ins.

Question 34

President Kennedy failed to send federal marshals to protect the Freedom Riders in Montgomery.

Question 35

Without the support of at least a significant number of antiracist whites, the cause of civil rights would never have made the gains it did.

Question 36

The Selma to Montgomery March is remembered as Bloody Sunday.

Question 37

Birmingham police Chief Eugene Connor ordered water cannons aimed at the legs of demonstrating black children since the cannons were known to break legs.

Question 38

President John F. Kennedy signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Question 39

American Indian activism was reenergized by the Civil Rights Movement and as a response to federal policies designed to erode tribal sovereignty.

Question 40

American Indian protesters occupied the Statue of Liberty from the end of 1969 to summer of 1971 to highlight the need for reparations for the Cherokee Nation.

Question 41

By the early twentieth century, Arab Americans viewed themselves as a common people due to common language, cultural practices, and lifestyles.

Question 42

The backbone of the Civil Rights Movement was older adults who had just grown tired of racial segregation and discrimination.

Question 43

Discuss briefly the meaning behind one volunteer of Freedom Summer's comparison between Mississippi's black population and rabbits. Do you think this attitude has changed? What role do media play in this attitude today?

Question 44

Define the concept of gerrymandering and explain specifically how a cracked district is achieved.

Question 45

Discuss how race was played into the Supreme Court rulings in the cases of Shaw v. Reno (1993) and Miller v. Johnson (1995) in regards to gerrymandering.

Question 46

Explain what Alexis de Tocqueville meant by his quote "…My greatest complaint against the democratic government as organized in the United States is not, as many Europeans make out, its weakness but rather its irresistible strength"?

Question 47

Provide support and present both sides of the argument in response to the question "Should racist speech be protected by the First Amendment"?

Question 48

Discuss why a white American political doctrine of color-blindness is an ineffective strategy.

Question 49

Explain who "Willie Horton"was and the role he played during the 1988 U.S. Presidential election.

Question 50

Define the terms "coded language"and "discursive co-optation."Provide examples either from the text or your own experience of organizations using these methods to further their own agendas.

Question 51

Think about some of your beliefs about life. In what area of your beliefs did you find a principle-implementation gap? When and why do you think this gap developed? How might you go about closing this gap in the future?

Question 52

You have read in this chapter about what youth accomplished during the 1960s in the United States regarding race. Discuss what you and fellow students have done or could do in regards to continuing to promote equality in the United States in the twenty-first century. What advantages do you have which others before you did not? What obstacles do you feel stand largest to you and your fellow students in making change?