Deck 5: Etiology of Alcohol Use Disorders

Question 1

Which of the following takes into account the agent, the host, and the environment?

A) learning theory
B) personality theory
C) the public-health model
D) the nature-versus-nurture debate

Answer 1

the public-health model

Question 2

Pleasant effects that take effect quickly increase a drug's:

A) inertness
B) agent
C) abuse potential
D) depressant effects

Answer 2

abuse potential

Question 3

Determining a genetic factor for alcoholism was established in all of the following studies EXCEPT which one?

A) twin studies
B) adoption studies
C) half-sibling studies
D) the Human Genome Project

Answer 3

the Human Genome Project

Question 4

Inherited brain chemistry, particularly as it affects _________, may influence alcohol dependence.

A) neurotransmitters
B) emotional I.Q.
C) genetic engineering
D) benzodiazepine receptors

Question 5

In developing countries, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

A) traditional drinking practices often present problems in a changing world
B) traditional drinking patterns rarely include periods of intoxication
C) traditional beverages have a lower alcohol content than western beverages
D) adults in developing countries are more likely to be non-drinkers

Question 6

Current thinking does not focus on ________ such as oral fixation or latent homosexuality to explain alcohol dependence.

A) learning theories
B) personality theories
C) dependency theories
D) inferiority theories

Question 7

Expectancies about alcohol's effects are shaped by:

A) genetics
B) family and culture
C) its abuse potential
D) personality disorders

Question 8

The tendency to be either shy or outgoing is part of a person's:

A) expectancies
B) temperament
C) life experiences
D) cognitive structure

Question 9

Alcohol dependence, historically, is seen more often in:

A) Mormons
B) Chinese people
C) Jews and Italians
D) the French and Irish

Question 10

Twin and adoption studies have been used to determine:

A) a genetic basis for alcoholism
B) the psychological makeup of alcohol dependent persons
C) cultural orientation of alcohol dependence
D) none of these

Question 11

Familial alcohol dependence includes:

A) treatment at a relatively young age
B) increased likelihood of other psychiatric illnesses
C) Late onset
D) Less destructive symptoms

Question 12

Harm reduction:

A) is well established in the United States
B) focuses on individual usage
C) focuses on decreasing the risk associated with certain behaviors
D) none of these is true

Question 13

Regulating advertising and restricting access are ________ approaches to affecting alcohol use.

A) legal
B) useless
C) illegal
D) historical

Question 14

Public policy can have unintended consequences. When wine was introduced into Russian culture to decrease vodka consumption:

A) binge drinking decreased
B) the vodka industry was ruined
C) drinking became a more social experience
D) rates of fetal alcohol syndrome increased

Question 15

If a drug has unpleasant effects as it wears off, chances are that a person will be less likely to use the drug again.

Question 16

Genetics are the sole determinant as to whether a person will become alcohol dependent.

Question 17

Some people inherit particular strengths that put them at risk for alcohol dependence.

Question 18

Many researchers believe alcohol dependency springs from a dysfunctional brain reward cascade.

Question 19

An early psychoanalytic concept applied to male alcoholic was that of latent homosexuality.

Question 20

Rational addiction is concerned with long term benefits.

Question 21

People who are by nature impulsive are at higher risk for alcohol dependence.

Question 22

Social customs set ground rules for behavior.

Question 23

Because Muslims forbid drinking, there are very low rates of alcoholism in their population.

Question 24

In regard to alcohol dependence, cultural differences among groups have become more marked in the past 30 years.

Question 25

Introducing adolescents to alcohol use at home keeps them from drinking outside the home in unsupervised settings.

Question 26

The laws in the United States about drinking and driving are much more strict than those in European countries.

Question 27

Raising the drinking age in the U.S. decreased the number of drinking-related accidents.

Question 28

Western society focuses on the individual rather than the group.

Question 29

Liability concerns surrounding serving alcohol have changed the way some work establishments host company functions.

Question 30

An example of harm reduction is the designated-driver campaign.