Deck 19: Insights From Pedodontics

Question 1

Match the following :

-Age-appropriate terminology

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Answer 1

Words children understand

Question 2

Match the following :

-Clark's rule

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Answer 2

Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 3

Match the following :

-Lip chewing

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Answer 3

Post-injection trauma

Question 4

Match the following :

-Parent guidelines

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 5

Match the following :

-Passive restraint

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 6

Match the following :

-Positive feedback

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 7

Match the following :

-Show-tell-do

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 8

Match the following :

-Trigger words

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 9

Match the following :

-Vocal distraction

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 10

Match the following :

-Young's rule

A) Words children understand
B) Prevents body movement
C) Used to demonstrate and explain
D) Praise for specific good behavior
E) Keeps focus on clinician's voice
F) Post-injection trauma
G) Terms that may induce fear
H) Dose adjustment based on child's age
I) Controlled body language and silence
J) Dose adjustment based on child's weight

Question 11

MRDs for obese children should be strictly adhered to because of incomplete development of internal organs.

Question 12

Vasoconstrictors can be helpful or harmful when used in local anesthetic injections in pediatric dentistry.

Question 13

Children have thinner cortical plates and more porous bone, which allow for ease of diffusion; therefore, infiltration techniques are more reliable in children than adults.

Question 14

The primary advantage when administering mandibular infiltrations on children is the small volume of anesthetic needed to achieve profound anesthesia.

Question 15

The advantage of using articaine for children is its ability to diffuse through bone; however, an increase in anesthetic volume is needed for infiltration injections compared to nerve block techniques in children.

Question 16

The MRD for 2% lidocaine for a child weighing 30 pounds is ________ mg.

Question 17

The number of cartridges of 2% lidocaine that can be administered to a child weighing 30 pounds is ________.

Question 18

The MRD for 2% lidocaine for a child weighing 40 pounds is ________ mg.

Question 19

The number of cartridges of 2% lidocaine that can be administered to a child weighing 40 pounds is ________.

Question 20

The MRD for 2% lidocaine for a child weighing 75 pounds is ________ mg.

Question 21

The number of cartridges of 2% lidocaine that can be administered to a child weighing 75 pounds is ________.

Question 22

The MRD for 4% articaine for a child weighing 35 pounds is ________ mg.

Question 23

The number of cartridges of 4% articaine that can be administered to a child weighing 35 pounds is ________.

Question 24

The MRD for 4% articaine for a child weighing 58 pounds is ________ mg.

Question 25

The number of cartridges of 4% articaine that can be administered to a child weighing 58 pounds is ________.

Question 26

The MRD for 4% articaine for a child weighing 70 pounds is ________ mg.

Question 27

The number of cartridges of 4% articaine that can be administered to a child weighing 70 pounds is ________.

Question 28

The mandibular foramen in children is located ________ to its position in adults.

Question 29

Administering vasoconstrictors to children increases the risk of ________ after injections.

Question 30

On the other hand, administering vasoconstrictors to children minimizes the risk of the anesthesia ________ during treatment.

Question 31

The process of keeping a child focused on a clinician's voice rather than a dental procedure is called ________.

Question 32

A technique called ________ allows a dental assistant to minimize unwanted movements by gently protecting children during injections.

Question 33

Trauma resulting from lip chewing may be treated by applying a ________ to reduce tissue swelling.

Question 34

What is the most critical risk factor for toxicity of local anesthetics in pediatric patients?

A) Children react differently to local anesthetic agents than adults
B) Children are less able to metabolize local anesthetics than adults
C) Appropriate anesthetic agents for children are different than for adults
D) Children typically weigh less than adults

Question 35

Which of the following anesthetic drugs is associated with a higher number of toxicity reports compared to the others?

A) Articaine
B) Lidocaine
C) Mepivacaine
D) Bupivacaine

Question 36

Why is 3% mepivacaine plain associated with a higher number of local anesthetic toxicity reports in children compared with other agents?

A) Lack of vasoconstrictor
B) Higher content of anesthetic drug than lidocaine
C) Longer duration of action than lidocaine
D) More difficult for children to metabolize than other anesthetic drugs

Question 37

Which of the following is not a special consideration when administering anesthetic drugs to obese children?

A) Excess adipose tissue in the oral cavity impedes visibility
B) Excess adipose tissue in the oral cavity makes it difficult to identify intraoral anatomical landmarks
C) Obesity alters the distribution and elimination of anesthetic drugs
D) Obesity may require administration of greater volumes of anesthetic for effectiveness

Question 38

Which of the following is the best management technique for children?

A) Cover the mouth and nose to stop a child from screaming
B) Use of physical restraint
C) Use of vocal distraction and positive feedback
D) Explain exactly what the child will feel during the injection

Question 39

Which of the following is an age appropriate explanation for a three year old child?

A) Hold real still and you will not feel this
B) Your lip will feel fat and sleepy
C) The anesthetic will wear off in just a little while
D) Your teeth will feel numb

Question 40

Why is 4% articaine used with frequency in pediatric care?

A) Less risk of paresthesia
B) Ease of biotransformation
C) More effective in its ability to diffuse through bone
D) Longer duration than mepivicaine

Question 41

Which of the following anatomical variations affects the choice of injection technique for children?

A) The inferior alveolar foramen is more superior in children than adults.
B) The cortical plate is thinner and more porous in children than in adults.
C) The roots of primary teeth are approximately the same length as permanent teeth roots.
D) The maxillary tuberosity is less prominent in children than adults.

Question 42

Shortly after returning home, a mother calls to report that her child has bitten his lower lip causing redness and swelling. What is the appropriate treatment?

A) Return to the office immediately for evaluation
B) Apply benzocaine topical to reduce pain
C) Apply a cold pack to reduce swelling
D) Apply heat to increase circulation, and to reduce swelling and pain

Question 43

A father takes his son back to a dental office two days after a filling was placed. He is concerned because the lip is red, swollen, and sore. What is the appropriate treatment?

A) Refer the child to a physician
B) Apply heat to increase circulation and reduce swelling
C) Apply a cold pack to reduce swelling and pain
D) Prescribe antibiotics to prevent infection

Question 44

Discuss appropriate behavioral guidelines for parents in dental clinics.

Question 45

What is the primary focus of an assistant during injection procedures?

Question 46

Discuss a reported advantage of administering bilateral mandibular nerve blocks in children.

Question 47

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-Why did the dentist choose to restore the mandibular teeth first?

Question 48

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-What injection technique should be considered to provide anesthesia for S and T? Why?

Question 49

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-What is the MRD for 2% lidocaine for Sophia?

Question 50

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-What number of cartridges of 2% lidocaine does this represent?

Question 51

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-How will you explain the anesthesia experience to Sophia? Provide a sample explanation.

Question 52

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-What two behavior management techniques are useful during dental procedures? Why?

Question 53

Sophia is a healthy 3 year old weighing 36 pounds. This is her first visit to the dental office. She is cooperative and climbs into the chair without hesitating. With only slight encouragement she opens her mouth. The dentist determines she has two teeth with small areas of decay, M and D, and two teeth with large areas of decay, S and T. Her mother requests as few appointments as possible because she relies on a neighbor for transportation. The dentist decides to restore S and T today and M and D on a subsequent visit. 2% lidocaine with 1:100:000 epinephrine is selected for anesthesia.

-How can the dental assistant help Sophia during the injection procedure?