Deck 3: Introduction to Collections - Stacks

Question 1

What is the principle difference in behavior between a stack and a queue?

A) a stack reverses order whereas a queue preserves order
B) a stack does nothing whereas a queue can preserve and reverse order
C) there is no difference
D) a stack preserves order whereas a queue reverses order

Answer 1

a stack reverses order whereas a queue preserves order

Question 2

Stacks operate as _______________.

A) Last Out, First In
B) First In, First Out
C) Last In, First Out
D) None of the above

Answer 2

Last Out, First In

Question 3

A ______ can be used to reverse the order of a set of data.

A) Queue
B) Stack
C) Software
D) Heaps

Answer 3

Stack

Question 4

A pop operation on a Stack returns a(n)

A) node
B) element
C) variable
D) pointer

Question 5

To add an element to a stack you use the method.

A) push
B) pop
C) peek
D) size

Question 6

Which of the following is the correct way to instantiate an array of 10 generic objects?

A) T[] x = new T[10];
B) T[10] x = new T[];
C) T[] x = (T[])(new object[10]);
D) None of the above

Question 7

Elements in a collection are typically organized by

A) the order of their addition to the collection
B) by some inherent relationship among the elements
C) randomly
D) A and B
E) None of the above

Question 8

A polymorphic reference uses _______________, not the type of the reference, to determine which version of a method to invoke.

A) the type of the object
B) the type of the reference
C) both A and B
D) none of the above

Question 9

In an array implementation of a Stack, the array is ___________ causing the implementation to have to create a new larger array and copy the contents of the stack into the new array in order to expand the capacity of the stack.

A) Dynamic
B) Static
C) Flexible
D) Polymorphic

Question 10

The variable top in the array implementation of a Stack refers to

A) The next available position in the array
B) The item at the top of the Stack
C) The number of items in the stack
D) A and C
E) None of the above

Question 11

A ______ is an object that gathers and organizes other objects.If you were to place elements on a collection and then wanted to reverse the order, would it be better to use a Stack or a Queue?

Question 12

What are the 3 primary methods for a stack?_______

Question 13

If an exception occurs during the execution of a java program and is not handled in the method where it occurs, the exception will be ______.

Question 14

A __ is a Java language element used to group related classes under a common name.

Question 15

The term polymorphism refers to a reference variable that can point to different types of objects. This can be accomplished in Java through the use of ____ and ____.

Question 16

A collection is an ______ where the details of the implementation are hidden.

Question 17

____ is the process of deriving a new class from an existing one.

Question 18

One purpose of inheritance is to ____ existing software.

Question 19

______ and ______ represent unusual or invalid processing.

Question 20

The messages printed by a thrown exception indicate the nature of the problem and provide a method _______.

Question 21

Each ______ on a try statement handles a particular kind of exception that may be thrown within the try block.

Question 22

A Java interface defines a set of ______ methods and is useful in separating the concept of an abstract data type from its implementation.

Question 23

All Java classes are derived, directly or indirectly, from the ______ class.

Question 24

The toString and equals methods are defined in the Object class and therefore are ______ by every class in every Java program.

Question 25

By using the interface name as a return type, the interface doesn't commit the method to the use of any particular class that implements a stack.

Question 26

If an exception is not caught and handled where it occurs, it is propagated to the calling method.

Question 27

The implementation of the collection operations should affect the way users interact with the collection.

Question 28

A well-defined interface masks the implementation of the collection.

Question 29

An array dynamically grows as needed and essentially has no capacity limitations.

Question 30

The pop operation is implemented by returning a reference to the element currently stored at the top of the stack and adjusting the top reference to the new top of the stack.

Question 31

A data structure is the underlying programming construct used to implement a collection.

Question 32

Stack elements are processed in a FIFO manner-the first element in is the first element out.

Question 33

Inherited variables and methods can be used in the derived class as if they had been declared locally.

Question 34

Inheritance creates an is-a relationship between all parent and child classes.

Question 35

Common features should be located as low in a class hierarchy as is reasonable, minimizing maintenance efforts.

Question 36

The most efficient way to implement an array-based stack keeps the top of the stack at the position 0 of the array?

Question 37

What is a collection?

Question 38

What is a data type?

Question 39

What is abstraction and what advantage does it provide?

Question 40

Why is a class an excellent representation of an abstract data type?

Question 41

What is the characteristic behavior of a stack?

Question 42

What are some of the other operations that might be implemented for a stack?

Question 43

Define inheritance.

Question 44

Define polymorphism.

Question 45

Given the example in Figure 3.5, list the subclasses of Mammal.

Question 46

Given the example in Figure 3.5, will the following code compile?

Question 47

Given the example in Figure 3.5, will the following code compile?

Question 48

What is the purpose of Generics in the Java language?

Question 49

What is the advantage of postfix notation?