Deck 14: Juvenile Corrections

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a form of community-based corrections?

A) probation
B) training school
C) aftercare
D) residential treatment

Answer 1

training school

Question 2

________ requires that the probation officer make certain that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.

A) Surveillance
B) Restitution
C) Foster care
D) Remote location monitoring

Answer 2

Surveillance

Question 3

A ________ report is a written report of a juvenile's social background that probation officers prepare for a juvenile judge to assist the court in making a disposition of a youth who has been ruled delinquent.

A) book
B) delinquency
C) police
D) social history

Answer 3

social history

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of juvenile probation?

A) supervision
B) investigation
C) intake
D) youth assignment to institutional placements

Question 5

During the intake stage of court proceedings, the probation officer ________.

A) prepares a social history report on the youth
B) makes certain that probationers comply with the conditions of probation
C) determines what to do with the case.
D) conducts a fact-finding study on the youth

Question 6

________ involves the use of electronic equipment to verify that an offender is at home or in a community correctional center during specified hours or to track his or her whereabouts.

A) Surveillance
B) Restitution
C) Foster care
D) Remote location monitoring

Question 7

Which of the following integrates the central components of strain, control, and social learning theories to reduce recidivism rates?

A) intensive supervision programs
B) aggression replacement training
C) family-integrated transitions
D) multi-systemic therapy

Question 8

________ is the court-ordered repayment to the victim; often used together with community service as a condition of juvenile probation.

A) Surveillance
B) Restitution
C) Foster care
D) Remote location monitoring

Question 9

The term ________ refers to the use of unpaid adult community members to assist probation officers in a variety of ways.

A) volunteer program
B) residential social system
C) right to treatment
D) interstate compact

Question 10

________ refers to a home setting for juveniles who are lawfully removed from their birth parents' homes.

A) Surveillance
B) Restitution
C) Foster care
D) Remote location monitoring

Question 11

Group homes fulfill the purpose(s) of ________.

A) providing an alternative to institutionalization
B) serving as a short-term community placement, wherein probation and aftercare officers can deal with youths' community problems
C) serving as a "halfway-in" setting for youths having difficulty adjusting to probation and as a "halfway-out" placement for delinquents who are returning to the community but lack an adequate home placement
D) All of the above

Question 12

A residential setting for adjudicated delinquents, usually those who need a period of readjustment to the community following institutional confinement, is known as ________.

A) a day-treatment center
B) house arrest
C) a group home
D) Outward Bound

Question 13

Day-treatment programs are popular because ________.

A) counselors get more time to spend with probationers
B) officers can handle probationers with more ease
C) they are more economical
D) they do not involve rigorous workloads for probationers

Question 14

The rate of juvenile detention in 2013 was ________ youths per every 100,000 in the American population.

A) 103
B) 123
C) 153
D) 173

Question 15

A ________ is a military-style facility used as an alternative to prison in order to deal with prison crowding and public demands for severe punishment.

A) forestry camp
B) boot camp
C) reception and diagnostic center
D) ranch

Question 16

A ________ is a facility where juveniles who have been committed to correctional institutions frequently are first sent. This type of center diagnoses youths' problems and develops individualized treatment plans.

A) forestry camp
B) boot camp
C) reception and diagnostic center
D) ranch

Question 17

A ________ is a correctional facility where residents usually do conservation work in state parks, including cleaning, cutting grass and weeds, and doing general maintenance.

A) forestry camp
B) boot camp
C) reception and diagnostic center
D) ranch

Question 18

The term ________ refers to the social hierarchy that is established by residents in an institution.

A) volunteer program
B) residential social system
C) right to treatment
D) interstate compact

Question 19

The term ________ refers to the entitlement of a juvenile who has been committed to a training school to receive any needed services.

A) volunteer program
B) residential social system
C) right to treatment
D) interstate compact

Question 20

________ led to a wave of litigation in the latter decades of the twentieth century.

A) Deteriorating conditions in juvenile correctional facilities, including the overcrowded living conditions
B) The frequent assaults among residents and against staff
C) The growing presence of gang youths
D) All of the above

Question 21

Juvenile ________ refers to the supervision of juveniles who are released from correctional institutions so that they can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

A) probation
B) training school
C) aftercare
D) residential treatment

Question 22

The term ________ refers to the procedure for transferring a youth on probation or aftercare/parole from one state to another.

A) volunteer program
B) residential social system
C) right to treatment
D) interstate compact

Question 23

The ________ of aftercare involves the cancellation of parole and return of the offender to an institution. It takes effect if a juvenile on aftercare commits another offense or violates the conditions of parole.

A) maintenance
B) retaining
C) upholding
D) revocation

Question 24

A ________ is a public or private juvenile correctional institution that is usually less secure than a training school and that has a more normal atmosphere.

A) forestry camp
B) boot camp
C) reception and diagnostic center
D) ranch

Question 25

Investigation requires that probation officers prepare a social history report on a youth ruled delinquent to aid the judge in making the correct disposition.

Question 26

Supervision includes surveillance, casework services, and counseling or guidance.

Question 27

A social history report is ordered by a sheriff or police chief when a youth is found delinquent at the fact-finding stage of investigation.

Question 28

Those under house arrest are not allowed to leave during the day for doctors' appointments, school, employment, or even religious services.

Question 29

Surveillance requires that the probation officer make certain that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.

Question 30

The main goals of restitution and community service programs are to hold youthful offenders responsible for their crimes.

Question 31

Outward Bound is the most widely used wilderness program.

Question 32

A Homeward Bound school, opened in 1970 in Massachusetts, was the first wilderness program school in the United States.

Question 33

The purpose of reception and diagnostic centers, which are managed and operated by either public or private agencies, is to determine which treatment plan suits each adjudicated youth and which training school is the best placement.

Question 34

A forestry camp is a military-style facility used as an alternative to prison in order to deal with prison crowding and public demands for severe punishment.

Question 35

A boot camp is a public or private juvenile correctional institution that is usually less secure than a training school and that has a more normal atmosphere.

Question 36

Parole, or juvenile aftercare, as it is usually called, is concerned with the release of a youth from an institution when he or she can best benefit from release and can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

Question 37

An interstate compact is sometimes initiated when a youth has no acceptable home placement within his or her own state.

Question 38

For policymakers, one of the least serious issues related to juvenile institutionalization is providing for the safety of residents.

Question 39

The basic forms of community-based ________ are probation, residential and day-treatment programs, and aftercare.

Question 40

House arrest/home confinement is a punishment whereby youths are ordered to remain ________ in their own residences during evening hours, after curfew, and on weekends.

Question 41

________ requires that the probation officer make certain that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.

Question 42

In ________ programs youngsters spend each day in the program and then return home in the evenings.

Question 43

Outward Bound is the most widely used ________ program. Its main goal is to use the overcoming of a seemingly impossible task to gain self-reliance, to prove one's worth, and to define one's personhood.

Question 44

The social hierarchy that is established by residents in an institution is referred to as the ________ social system.

Question 45

________, or juvenile aftercare, as it is usually called, is concerned with the release of a youth from an institution when he or she can best benefit from release and can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

Question 46

Right to ________ refers to the entitlement of a juvenile who has been committed to a training school to receive any needed services (for example, therapy, education).

Question 47

Once a youth is adjudicated to a state training school, the state normally retains ________ until his or her release.

Question 48

A(n) ________ compact is sometimes initiated when a youth has no acceptable home placement within his or her own state.

Question 49

Upon receiving an allegation of ________ abuse, the head of the juvenile facility must report the allegation to the head of the juvenile agency, the juvenile court that adjudicated the victim's case, and the parents or guardians of the victims (in most cases).

Question 50

Match each type of available institutional placement with its description.

-Reception and diagnostic center

A) This type of center diagnoses youths' problems and develops individualized treatment plans.
B) A military-style facility used as an alternative to prison in order to deal with prison crowding and public demands for severe punishment.
C) A public or private juvenile correctional institution that, like a forestry camp, is usually less secure than a training school and that has a more normal atmosphere.
D) A correctional facility where residents usually do conservation work in state parks, including cleaning, cutting grass and weeds, and doing general maintenance.

Question 51

Match each type of available institutional placement with its description.

-Forestry camp

A) This type of center diagnoses youths' problems and develops individualized treatment plans.
B) A military-style facility used as an alternative to prison in order to deal with prison crowding and public demands for severe punishment.
C) A public or private juvenile correctional institution that, like a forestry camp, is usually less secure than a training school and that has a more normal atmosphere.
D) A correctional facility where residents usually do conservation work in state parks, including cleaning, cutting grass and weeds, and doing general maintenance.

Question 52

Match each type of available institutional placement with its description.

-Ranch

A) This type of center diagnoses youths' problems and develops individualized treatment plans.
B) A military-style facility used as an alternative to prison in order to deal with prison crowding and public demands for severe punishment.
C) A public or private juvenile correctional institution that, like a forestry camp, is usually less secure than a training school and that has a more normal atmosphere.
D) A correctional facility where residents usually do conservation work in state parks, including cleaning, cutting grass and weeds, and doing general maintenance.

Question 53

Match each type of available institutional placement with its description.

-Boot camp

A) This type of center diagnoses youths' problems and develops individualized treatment plans.
B) A military-style facility used as an alternative to prison in order to deal with prison crowding and public demands for severe punishment.
C) A public or private juvenile correctional institution that, like a forestry camp, is usually less secure than a training school and that has a more normal atmosphere.
D) A correctional facility where residents usually do conservation work in state parks, including cleaning, cutting grass and weeds, and doing general maintenance.

Question 54

Match each term or concept with its description.

-Surveillance

A) The court-ordered repayment to the victim; often used together with community service as a condition of juvenile probation.
B) The observation of probationers by probation officers, intended to ensure that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.
C) The procedure for transferring a youth on probation or aftercare/parole from one state to another.
D) The supervision of juveniles who are released from correctional institutions so that they can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

Question 55

Match each term or concept with its description.

-Restitution

A) The court-ordered repayment to the victim; often used together with community service as a condition of juvenile probation.
B) The observation of probationers by probation officers, intended to ensure that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.
C) The procedure for transferring a youth on probation or aftercare/parole from one state to another.
D) The supervision of juveniles who are released from correctional institutions so that they can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

Question 56

Match each term or concept with its description.

-Interstate compact

A) The court-ordered repayment to the victim; often used together with community service as a condition of juvenile probation.
B) The observation of probationers by probation officers, intended to ensure that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.
C) The procedure for transferring a youth on probation or aftercare/parole from one state to another.
D) The supervision of juveniles who are released from correctional institutions so that they can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

Question 57

Match each term or concept with its description.

-Juvenile aftercare

A) The court-ordered repayment to the victim; often used together with community service as a condition of juvenile probation.
B) The observation of probationers by probation officers, intended to ensure that probationers comply with the conditions of probation and that they do not break the law.
C) The procedure for transferring a youth on probation or aftercare/parole from one state to another.
D) The supervision of juveniles who are released from correctional institutions so that they can make an optimal adjustment to community living.

Question 58

What are basic functions of juvenile probation?

Question 59

Discuss the goals of house arrest and remote location monitoring.

Question 60

Discuss the role played by volunteers in probation programs.

Question 61

How do residential facilities help juvenile offenders reform?

Question 62

Elucidate various points to improve the effectiveness of community-based programs.

Question 63

What are the differences between residential and day treatment programs and institutional placements that are available to juveniles?

Question 64

There is sufficient evidence to support the belief that institutionalization has a questionable impact on residents and may even contribute to high rates of recidivism. Why do you think this is? Please explain.