Deck 1: Issues to Consider in the Study of Adult Development

Question 1

Martin and Deepak are both 54 years old. Martin has just become a father for the first time and is healthy, while Deepak suffers from cardiovascular disease. Based on this description you can conclude that Martin and Deepak differ in which of the following?

A) chronological age and biological age
B) biological age and social age
C) social age and psychological age
D) psychological age and chronological age

Answer 1

biological age and social age

Question 2

Most of what is known about older adults is based on research involving people belonging to which of the following groups?

A) first age
B) second age
C) third age
D) fourth age

Answer 2

third age

Question 3

Farah is 47 and has noticed her vision declining over the past few years. Farah now needs reading glasses to read small print. Which process is reflected in Farah's experience?

A) primary aging
B) secondary aging
C) tertiary aging
D) social aging

Answer 3

primary aging

Question 4

Desi is 51 years old and has cardiovascular disease. Changes that occur in Desi that are due to cardiovascular disease can be attributed to which of the following processes?

A) primary aging
B) secondary aging
C) tertiary aging
D) chronological aging

Question 5

What is the age range for people who are members of the third age?

A) between 45 and 60
B) between 65 and 85
C) between 50 and 75
D) between 75 and 95

Question 6

Which researcher is known for championing the study of development across the entire lifespan rather than focusing on children and adolescents?

A) Gilligan
B) Vygotsky
C) Piaget
D) Baltes

Question 7

Which type of age can be measured through stage theories such as those proposed by Erikson and Piaget?

A) chronological age
B) biological age
C) psychological age
D) social age

Question 8

Dr. Li is writing a research paper that she plans to submit to a journal published by the American Psychological Association. Dr. Li is describing a study she conducted where the participants were between the ages of 55 and 75. Which of the following terms should Dr. Li use to describe her participants?

A) senior citizens
B) elderly persons
C) older adults
D) baby boomers

Question 9

What is the term for a person's development based on the aging of various physical systems?

A) chronological age
B) biological age
C) psychological age
D) social age

Question 10

Functional age is determined by considering which of the following?

A) psychological age, biological age, and social age
B) biological age, social age, and chronological age
C) social age, chronological age, and psychological age
D) chronological age, psychological age, and biological age

Question 11

In which part of the world is the number of older persons expected to grow FASTEST in the next 15 years?

A) North America
B) Europe and the United Kingdom
C) Africa
D) Latin America and the Caribbean

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a normative history-graded influence?

A) retiring at age 65
B) being in a single-car accident at age 30
C) getting married at age 25
D) experiencing Quebec's ice storm at age 20

Question 13

Which of the following terms would be used to classify Magda, who is 76 years old?

A) young-old
B) medium-old
C) old-old
D) oldest-old

Question 14

Which of the following has contributed the MOST to the aging of the world's population?

A) better healthcare
B) improved access to healthcare
C) the eradication of childhood diseases
D) a decline in birth rates in G8 countries

Question 15

The fact that development involves both increases and decreases and that this varies within people and between people reflects which of the key principles to the study of development?

A) history and context
B) plasticity
C) multiple causality
D) multi-directionality

Question 16

Which of the following describes Dr. McKinna, a scientist who specializes in the study of aging?

A) gerontologist
B) geriatric psychiatrist
C) developmental psychologist
D) chronologist

Question 17

Which of the following involves the rapid decrease in cognitive and functional ability in the years prior to death?

A) primary aging
B) secondary aging
C) tertiary aging
D) psychological aging

Question 18

What is the fertility replacement level for most countries?

A) 1.8
B) 2.1
C) 2.4
D) 2.7

Question 19

Which country is home to the world's oldest population?

A) Canada
B) Japan
C) Germany
D) Sweden

Question 20

Norman was in a serious car accident when he was 20 years old. A developmental psychologist would MOST likely classify this event as which of the following?

A) a normative age-graded influence
B) a normative history-graded influence
C) a non-normative influence
D) an environmental influence

Question 21

Explain Baltes's key principles to lifelong development.

Question 22

Which of the following BEST describes the shape of the population pyramid in Canada in 2011?

A) an inverted pyramid
B) a pyramid
C) a rectangle
D) an oval

Question 23

Discuss four factors that are contributing to global aging.

Question 24

Debbie is a Canadian baby boomer. This means that Debbie must have been born between which of the following years?

A) 1940 and 1958
B) 1944 and 1962
C) 1946 and 1964
D) 1948 and 1966

Question 25

Which of the following countries is traditionally associated with filial piety?

A) India
B) Australia
C) Canada
D) England

Question 26

Tang is 60 years old and has just moved to Canada as a family class immigrant. How many years must Tang wait before he is eligible for a government pension?

A) 2 years
B) 4 years
C) 8 years
D) 10 years

Question 27

The finding that older adults' views of aging predict performance on tests of hearing and memory is MOST closely linked to which of the following?

A) terror management theory
B) stereotyped threat
C) negative self-stereotyping
D) filial piety

Question 28

Susan and Marie are both 70-year-old women. Describe three indexes of age that could lead to these women being considered different ages and provide examples for each.

Question 29

Discuss three different influences on lifespan development, providing examples of each.

Question 30

What does the term ageism refer to?

A) thinking that older people are of greater value than younger people and structuring society around the young-old
B) thinking that older people are of greater value than younger people and providing more social benefits to older people as a result
C) thinking of older people in terms of negative stereotypes and structuring society around the young-old
D) thinking of older people in terms of negative stereotypes and structuring society around the young

Question 31

Which of the following explains ageism as resulting from people's anxiety about death?

A) terror management theory
B) stereotyped threat
C) negative self-stereotyping
D) filial piety

Question 32

According to the Sheridan Centre for Age Research, when should the topic of ageism be introduced?

A) elementary school
B) middle school
C) high school
D) university

Question 33

The arc of life suggests that experiences peak in which part of life?

A) young adulthood
B) emerging adulthood
C) middle adulthood
D) late adulthood

Question 34

In a population pyramid, what variable is represented on the y-axis?

A) age group
B) percent
C) fertility rate
D) life expectancy

Question 35

Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to report being the victim of ageism?

A) a 25-year-old man
B) a 25-year-old woman
C) a 66-year-old man
D) a 65-year-old woman

Question 36

Jean has moved to a new province at age 67 and has to re-take her driving test. Jean is anxious about the test because she believes older people are worse drivers than younger people, and when Jean takes the test she makes numerous mistakes that she doesn't make when driving alone. Which of the following is reflected in Jean's case?

A) terror management theory
B) stereotyped threat
C) negative self-stereotyping
D) filial piety

Question 37

Which of the following countries experienced the LARGEST baby boom following World War II?

A) the United States
B) the United Kingdom
C) Canada
D) France

Question 38

Which of the following is the BEST predictor of positive attitudes toward older adults?

A) filial piety
B) communal values
C) Confucianism
D) individualism

Question 39

Research discussed in the text suggests that young adults who are close to their grandparents are more likely to view older adults as which of the following?

A) frail
B) knowledgeable
C) strict
D) cheerful

Question 40

What is the average number of children born to Canadian women based on statistics from 2011?

A) 1.4
B) 1.6
C) 1.8
D) 2.0