Deck 14: The Resilience of Elders of Color

Question 1

Comparative studies between older whites and older African Americans have found that older African Americans have:

A) fewer three or four-generation households.
B) lower frequency of family-based households with adult children.
C) more extended families.
D) less social support from extended family.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Use of health services is lower among many Hispanic American subgroups than among whites and African Americans. Which of the following variables is least likely to be a barrier to health service use?

A) language barriers.
B) illegal entry to the United States
C) distrust of the medical system
D) lack of health service need

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A major reason that some Hispanics do not seek out social services such as Social Security or Medicare is that:

A) their relatives provide all the assistance they need.
B) they may have been illegal immigrants.
C) they do not want assistance.
D) they expect the service system to seek them out.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The ethnic minority population that forms the smallest percentage of the total population age 65 and over is:

A) African Americans.
B) Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders.
C) American Indians.
D) Hispanic Americans.

Question 5

Compared to non-Hispanic whites, elders in Hispanic families have traditionally:

A) played only a minor role in child-rearing
B) been ignored by younger members
C) received more respect from young members
D) had little influence in family decision-making

Question 6

Which of the following statements describing African American elders is false?

A) They are poorer than whites.
B) They are not as healthy as whites.
C) Their life expectancy at birth is as long as whites.
D) They are less likely to be married than any other ethnic group.

Question 7

The mortality crossover effect occurs:

A) for women after age 75.
B) for men after age 75.
C) for people of color after age 75.
D) for all older people after age 85.

Question 8

The predominant group within the Hispanic population of the United States comes from:

A) Mexico.
B) Puerto Rico.
C) S. America.
D) Cuba.

Question 9

The poorest group among older adults is:

A) African American men.
B) white men.
C) all older women.
D) older women of color.

Question 10

Older American Indians are less likely to use health services than their white counterparts. Barriers include all of the following except a/an:

A) belief in and practice of traditional medicine.
B) mistrust of mainstream medical providers.
C) IHS focus on youth and families.
D) use of direct communication styles.

Question 11

Which of the following is not true for people of color in the United States?

A) Their median age is lower than for whites.
B) They experience more economic and health problems.
C) They have proportionately more young than among whites.
D) Their social support systems are weaker than whites.

Question 12

Differences between whites and African Americans in life expectancy at age 75 are:

A) greater than differences in life expectancy at birth.
B) less than differences in life expectancy at birth.
C) about the same as life expectancy at birth.
D) due to higher infant mortality among whites.

Question 13

Asian American elders differ from other ethnic minority groups in that:

A) they are primarily third generation immigrants.
B) there are proportionately more women than in other ethnic groups.
C) there are proportionately more men than in other ethnic groups.
D) they overutilize social and health services.

Question 14

A major source of social and emotional support for African Americans, outside of family, is:

A) the federal government.
B) senior centers.
C) the church.
D) self-help groups.

Question 15

Structural barriers to health care use shared by ethnic minority elders includes:

A) discrimination by service providers.
B) geographic distance of services.
C) lack of transportatio.n.
D) all of the above.

Question 16

Compared to their white counterparts, older African Americans experience twice the rate of:

A) diabetes mellitus.
B) depression.
C) suicide.
D) osteoporosis.

Question 17

Which of the following factors would not serve to increase the utilization of social and health services by older persons of color?

A) increased numbers of bilingual and bicultural staff
B) services that build upon and respect cultural values and community strengths
C) centralized services for all ethnic minorities to use
D) free transportation provided to services

Question 18

Compared to their non-Hispanic Caucasian counterparts, Hispanic elders:

A) are more likely to live in a nursing home.
B) are more likely to be institutionalized after age 75.
C) have higher death rates from cervical and uterine cancer.
D) view themselves as younger despite limitations in ADLs.

Question 19

Asian American/Pacific Islander elders have long been underserved by mainstream social and health services because:

A) they have so few problems.
B) they face more language barriers.
C) they are primarily women.
D) they are financially better off than other ethnic minority groups.

Question 20

The least amount of data is available about the status of:

A) African American elders.
B) Hispanic American elders.
C) American Indian elders.
D) Asian American elders.

Question 21

The largest group of older Asian/Pacific Islanders have ancestry originating in:

A) China.
B) Japan.
C) Korea.
D) India.

Question 22

The Bureau of Indian Affairs has upheld and supported the traditional roles of American Indian elders.

Question 23

Among all ethnic/racial groups in the United States, poverty rates are highest for African American elders and least for whites.

Question 24

Today, ethnic minorities comprise ________ of the population over age 65.

A) 2 percent
B) 19 percent
C) 25 percent
D) 38 percent

Question 25

Health care for American Indian elders who live on reservations is provided by:

A) Indian Health Service.
B) Bureau of Indian Affairs.
C) National Institute of Health.
D) none of the above.

Question 26

The racial minority crossover phenomenon refers to findings that the death rate for people of color who are age 75 and over is lower than for whites age 75 and over.

Question 27

Asian American/Pacific Islander elders are increasingly less likely to live in extended family arrangements.

Question 28

Underutilization of social and health services is a common theme across racial groups.

Question 29

Studies clearly demonstrate a higher incidence of suicide among American Indians than for other ethnic minorities.

Question 30

Cancer survival rates are lower for American Indians than for any other ethnic or racial subgroup in the United States.

Question 31

The proportion of people aged 65 and older among ethnic minority groups will increase more than among whites in the 21st century.

Question 32

The study of the causes, processes, consequences of race, national origin, and culture on individual and population aging is called:

A) ethnogerontology.
B) geriatrics.
C) telogerontology.
D) the double jeopardy hypothesis.

Question 33

Elders who are Asian/Pacific Islanders have lower rates of western health service utilization because of:

A) reluctance to accept a diagnosis.
B) sociocultural barriers to health care.
C) traditional values, such as reliance on family and friends.
D) all of the above.

Question 34

By the year 2050, more than 50 percent of the older population will be comprised of elders of color.

Question 35

Chronological age is probably the worst way to identify the need for services among older American Indians.

Question 36

As compared to Anglos, Hispanics are most likely to live in 3- or 4-generational households.

Question 37

African American elders are more likely than whites to live with a family member other than a spouse.

Question 38

Older American Indian elders who live on reservations receive comprehensive health care from the Indian Health Service.

Question 39

By the year 2050, people of color will represent the numerical majority in most parts of the United States.

Question 40

Service utilization can be increased if the agencies providing these services adhere to the cultural integrity of the elder's lifestyles.

Question 41

________ refers to the relationship between aged parents and the oldest son who provides care for them, and in turn inherits their wealth.

Question 42

Latino caregiving within the family is influenced by the cultural value of ________, respect for people by virtue of age, experience, or service.

Question 43

Discuss the barriers to older adults utilizing social services and health care.

Question 44

Select one ethnicity discussed in the text (older African Americans, older Latinos, older American Indians, or older Asian/Pacific Islanders) and write a thorough essay on the economic, social, and health status of elders of your selected ethnicity.

Question 45

Discuss the components of the term "ethnicity."

Question 46

Given the diverse cultures and background of older Americans, what are implications of this diversity for social services and health care?

Question 47

The fact that people of color experience poorer health and higher death rates than whites at all ages until very old age is known as the ________.

Question 48

Explain the patterns shared across populations of color in regard to cumulative disadvantages, centrality of kin, and chronic illness.

Question 49

________ includes foster parents or children who function in the absence of blood relatives, or when family relationships are unsatisfactory.

Question 50

The two federal agencies which are responsible for collecting data regarding American Indians are the Indian Health Service and the ________.