Deck 4: The Sequence Structure

Question 1

An advantage of structured programming is that it works well with the concept of modular programming.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An advantage of structured programming is that structures can be pulled out of programs and inserted into other programs without adversely affecting the flow of the surrounding code.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Structured programming is most often characterized by the GOTO statement, common in early line-number BASIC programs.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Structures are easy to find and change: They have one entry point and one exit point-a clear beginning and end.

Question 5

Procedural programming is widely accepted as the most efficient method of program development, resulting in faster development, reusable code, easier maintenance, and fewer errors.

Question 6

When code is not written by using modules, it is difficult to know what effect changing a line of code will have on surrounding statements.

Question 7

Structured programming is commonly called "spaghetti code."

Question 8

The "stored programming" concept developed by John von Neumann states that any program can be written by using only sequence, selection, and repetition structures.

Question 9

The following is an example of a nonstructured program:
100 PRINT "Enter a number (or 0 to quit): "
110 INPUT N
120 WHILE N <> 0
120 $\quad$ IF N < 0 THEN PRINT "Your number is negative."
130 $\quad$ IF N > 0 THEN PRINT "Your number is positive."
140 $\quad$ PRINT "Enter a number (or 0 to quit): "
150 $\quad$ INPUT N
160 END WHILE
200 PRINT "Thank you!"

Question 10

Statements in a sequence structure are performed without any conditions.

Question 11

On a flowchart, a variable declaration is considered a process, so it is placed in a parallelogram.

Question 12

On a flowchart, symbols are connected by flowlines that indicate the order of processing.

Question 13

Flowcharts can be drawn to move from top to bottom or from left to right, whichever fits the page better.

Question 14

Modules (which include methods and functions) are sections of programming code, and as a result, they are made up of sequence, selection, and repetition structures, just as other program code is.

Question 15

The computer always processes comments.

Question 16

Comments are included in programs to aid the programmer.

Question 17

Every time a module is called, the computer suspends execution of the main program, runs the module, and then returns to the next statement in the main program.

Question 18

Modules are represented by rectangles with stripes.

Question 19

Modular programming helps keep your main program uncluttered and easy to understand.

Question 20

Right-brained people tend to favor pseudocode as a method of developing algorithms for programs

Question 21

Left-brained people tend to favor flowcharts as a method of developing algorithms for programs.

Question 22

"Accessor" methods are also called "get" methods.

Question 23

Methods that assign values to class variables are called "accessor" methods.

Question 24

Class methods that return values to the calling module are called "mutator" methods.

Question 25

"Mutator" methods are also called "set" methods.

Question 26

____ is a way of designing, writing, and modifying programs that focuses on this core concept: Use only the three recognized control structures-sequence, selection, and repetition.

A) Procedural programming
B) Structured programming
C) Object oriented programming
D) Nonstructured programming

Question 27

A ____ structure consists of one or more statements performed in order with no variation.

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 28

The ____ structure evaluates a logical condition, one that's true or false, then performs one or more statements (or ignores those statements), based on the evaluation of this condition.

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 29

A ____ structure evaluates a logical condition and performs or ignores one or more statements based on the evaluation.

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 30

The following statement is an example of a(n) ____ structure.
"Go to the grocery store. Buy milk and eggs. Get gas in the car on the way home."

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 31

The following statement is an example of a(n) ____ structure.
"Deposit $100 into savings every week, as long as your balance is below $1000."

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 32

The following statement is an example of a(n) ____ structure.
"If it's raining outside, take an umbrella."

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 33

The following statement is an example of a(n) ____ structure.
"For one week, you will pay $3 for a subway ticket. After that, you will receive a discount."

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 34

The following statement is an example of a(n) ____ structure.
"If the baby gets sick, take her to the hospital."

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 35

The following statement is an example of a(n) ____ structure.
"Do your homework, then watch t.v."

A) selection
B) sequence
C) repetition
D) nested

Question 36

A common example used for a sequence structure is the ______ part of a recipe.

A) ingredient list
B) preparation time
C) instruction
D) optional

Question 37

Which of the following correctly converts the algorithm below to JavaScript? (Assume that constants for an empty string (ES) and the line break tag (BR) have been declared.)
Display "Enter your full name: "
Input fullName
Display "Enter your age in years: "
Input age
Display "Hi, " + fullName
Display "You are " + age + " years old."

A) fullName = prompt("Enter your full name:",ES);
Age = prompt("Enter your age in years:",ES);

B) fullName = prompt("Enter your full name:",ES);
Age = prompt("Enter your age in years:",ES);
Document("Hi, " + fullName + BR);
Document("You are " + age + "years old." + BR);

C) fullName = prompt("Enter your full name:",ES);
Age = prompt("Enter your age in years:",ES);
Document.write("Hi, " + fullName + BR);

D) fullName = prompt("Enter your full name:",ES);
Age = prompt("Enter your age in years:",ES);
Document.write("Hi, " + fullName + BR);
Document.write("You are " + age + "years old." + BR);

Question 38

On a flowchart, ____ mark the beginning and ending of the flowchart.

A) terminal symbols
B) process symbols
C) input/output symbols
D) module symbols

Question 39

On a flowchart, ____ are used for variable declarations or assignment statements.

A) terminal symbols
B) process symbols
C) module symbols
D) input/output symbols

Question 40

On a flowchart, ____ are used for display statements, prompts, and input statements.

A) terminal symbols
B) process symbols
C) module symbols
D) input/output symbols

Question 41

On a flowchart, ____ are used for connecting other symbols.

A) terminal symbols
B) process symbols
C) module symbols
D) flow lines

Question 42

On a flowchart, ____ are used for comments.

A) terminal symbols
B) process symbols
C) annotation boxes
D) flow lines

Question 43

On a flowchart, the Start and Stop keywords, used to indicate the beginning and end of a pseudocode program, are represented by ____.

A) rectangles
B) annotation boxes
C) parallelograms
D) terminal symbols

Question 44

In the algorithm below, adding 10 years to the age variable and storing the result in the newAge variable is an assignment statement, so on a flowchart, it is placed in a(n) ____.
Start
// Declare variables
Declare Numeric age, newAge
// Get user's age
Display "Please enter your age: "
Input age
// Compute age in 10 years
NewAge = age + 10
// Display new age
Display "In 10 years, you will be " + newAge
Stop

A) rectangle
B) parallelogram
C) terminal symbol
D) annotation box

Question 45

In the algorithm below, the Display statement for the result is considered output, so on a flowchart, it is placed in a ____.
Start
// Declare variables
Declare Numeric age, newAge
// Get user's age
Display "Please enter your age: "
Input age
// Compute age in 10 years
NewAge = age + 10
// Display new age
Display "In 10 years, you will be " + newAge
Stop

A) rectangle
B) parallelogram
C) terminal symbol
D) annotation box

Question 46

On a flowchart, assignment statements appear in ____.

A) rectangles
B) parallelograms
C) terminal symbols
D) annotation boxes

Question 47

Look at the following pseudoocode and insert the missing statement:
Start
// Declare variables
Declare String lastName, firstName, fullName
// Input last and first names
Display "Enter your last name: "
Input lastName
Display "Enter your first name: "
Input firstName
// Concatenate names with space in between
____
// Display full name
Display "Your full name is " + fullName
Stop

A) fullName = firstName + lastName
B) fullName = firstName + " " + lastName
C) fullName = firstName, lastName
D) fullName = firstName, space, lastName

Question 48

The JavaScript equivalent of the pseudocode Input is ____.

A) var
B) document.write()
C) new
D) prompt()

Question 49

The JavaScript equivalent of the pseudocode Declare is ____.

A) var
B) document.write()
C) new
D) prompt()

Question 50

The JavaScript equivalent of the pseudocode Display is ____.

A) var
B) document.write()
C) new
D) prompt()