Deck 11: Building Programs

Question 1

A common pattern from the early days of computers and data processing is the three-part program, expressed like this:
1) Prepare (declare and initialize variables, display headings and messages)
2) Process data (until end of input)
3) Delete data (display totals, summaries, and closing messages)

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The purpose of a program is to:
• Performing calculations
• Calculating statistics
• Generating reports
• Processing orders

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Programs are built with a combination of the three control structures: sequence, selection, and arrays.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Decision tables are used to show the names of modules and their relationships to each other.

Question 5

If you need odd or even numbers for an application, you can use a For loop that increments or decrements in steps of 2.

Question 6

Hierarchy charts used to give users choices of possible valid actions.

Question 7

A decision table is used to prevent or reduce user input errors.

Question 8

Menus are used to keep lists of similar variables in memory throughout the run of a program.

Question 9

A repeating menu is implemented in a loop.

Question 10

Menus usually use sentinel values to exit.

Question 11

A hierarchy chart is usually written in two stages: first, the table with all combinations of conditions and outcomes listed, and then the final version with irrelevant conditions eliminated.

Question 12

One way of testing programs is to develop data that includes as many possible variations as you can think of.

Question 13

-The accompanying diagram depicts a truth table.

Question 14

Data sets should include values before, at, and after the values named in conditions.

Question 15

Besides testing a module's internal contents, thorough testing checks a module's interaction with other modules by trying all kinds of argument values when a module calls other modules.

Question 16

Software testing should never simulate the actual conditions of real-world business.

Question 17

Software testing involves testing every line of code and anticipating every conceivable user action.

Question 18

When conducting software tests, you should always check for whether memory is being used efficiently and whether any processing steps are unnecessary.

Question 19

Factors measured during field testing include processing time and throughput.

Question 20

When conducting field tests, users testing the program are often surveyed for their opinions and suggestions about the program and its interface.

Question 21

As a beginning programmer, you should give your code to other programmers and ask for their reactions to the comments, not just to the code.

Question 22

As a beginning programmer, you should let other people run your program and ask for their comments.

Question 23

A software company's reputation is on the line when a product goes to market, so testing of any software product must be thorough and accurate.

Question 24

Inefficient use of memory and wasted processing steps might not be noticeable with a small number of records, but they can have a major effect with large numbers of records or users.

Question 25

As a beginning programmer, you should let other people run your program and challenge them to "break" it.

Question 26

In programming, the preparation tasks performed before processing data records are known as ____.

A) field testing
B) module processing
C) housekeeping
D) data validation

Question 27

A(n) ____ is typically a loop that processes each data record that's input by a user or contained in a data file.

A) processing module
B) object
C) function
D) stub

Question 28

The ____ is the closing section of a data-processing program. It includes reporting results and totals.

A) field module
B) testing module
C) processing module
D) finish-up module

Question 29

Based on the description below, what structure do you think is needed for the input?
The amount of rainfall for each day in April is to be entered and displayed along with each day's percentage of the month's total rainfall.

A) Loop
B) Selection
C) Case
D) Sequence

Question 30

____ are the simplest control structure, used when statements are to be performed in order.

A) Sequence structures
B) Repetition structures
C) Selection structures
D) Modules and functions

Question 31

____ are used when a choice must be made between two or more courses of action, based on evaluation of a condition.

A) Sequence structures
B) Repetition structures
C) Selection structures
D) Modules and functions

Question 32

____ are used when an action might need to be taken multiple times.

A) Sequence structures
B) Repetition structures
C) Selection structures
D) Modules and functions

Question 33

____ are used to make programs easier to manage and to provide reusable code.

A) Sequence structures
B) Repetition structures
C) Selection structures
D) Modules and functions

Question 34

____ is/are used in many programming languages to focus on objects rather than procedures.

A) Classes and objects
B) Pseudocode
C) Graphical user interfaces
D) Flowcharts

Question 35

____ is/are used to create an attractive environment for users that's easier to use than a command-line interface.

A) Classes and objects
B) Pseudocode
C) Graphical user interfaces
D) Flowcharts

Question 36

____ is/are used to develop the steps of an algorithm without being tied to a specific language.

A) Classes and objects
B) Pseudocode
C) Graphical user interfaces
D) Flowcharts

Question 37

____ focus(es) more on the logic of a problem than on syntax rules.

A) Classes and objects
B) Pseudocode
C) Graphical user interfaces
D) Flowcharts

Question 38

____ is/are used to represent an algorithm's steps graphically.

A) Classes and objects
B) Pseudocode
C) Graphical user interfaces
D) Flowcharts

Question 39

____ are used to list the inputs, processing steps, and outputs needed to solve a problem.

A) Decision tables
B) Truth tables
C) Binary trees
D) IPO charts

Question 40

____ are used to specify the actions to take for combinations of logical conditions.

A) Decision tables
B) Truth tables
C) Binary trees
D) IPO charts

Question 41

____ are used to represent in graphical form the outcomes of combining logical conditions.

A) Decision tables
B) Truth tables
C) Binary trees
D) IPO charts

Question 42

Based on the description below, what kind of loop do you think should be used?
Students' scores in a class are entered as percentages. The program is to display a letter grade when the percentage is input and display cumulative totals for the number of As, Bs, Cs, Ds, and Fs earned. The program should also check for invalid input.

A) For loop
B) While loop
C) Nested loop
D) Array

Question 43

Based on the description below, how would you determine letter grades?
Students' scores in a class are entered as percentages. The program is to display a letter grade when the percentage is input and display cumulative totals for the number of As, Bs, Cs, Ds, and Fs earned. The program should also check for invalid input.

A) Through a series of If/Else If statements
B) With an accumulator
C) Through a sentinel value
D) With an array

Question 44

Based on the description below, what structure do you need for the input?
In a program with statistics activities, the user should have a choice of repeatedly calculating statistics-including sum, product, maximum, minimum, and average-on sets of numbers.

A) Sequence
B) Case
C) Selection
D) Menu

Question 45

Based on the description below, how should the statistics activities be coded?
In a program with statistics activities, the user should have a choice of repeatedly calculating statistics-including sum, product, maximum, minimum, and average-on sets of numbers.

A) The steps can be done in the scope of an If/Else If structure.
B) The steps can be done in the scope of a truth table.
C) The steps can be done in an array.
D) The steps can be done in the scope of a binary tree.

Question 46

Data values created for the purpose of testing program logic are called ____.

A) data sets
B) arrays
C) field tests
D) stubs

Question 47

____ is concerned with methods, best practices, and tools for professional software development.

A) Field testing
B) Housekeeping
C) Software engineering
D) Module processing

Question 48

____ involves running a program in an environment set up to simulate real-world operating conditions.

A) Field testing
B) Housekeeping
C) Software engineering
D) Module processing

Question 49

____ is often done with employees who will be using the program eventually.

A) Field testing
B) Housekeeping
C) Software engineering
D) Module processing

Question 50

The term ____ refers to the number of records processed in a given time period.

A) throughput
B) data set
C) data validation
D) sentinel