Deck 2: Individual Differences at Work

Question 1

The study of individual differences is sometimes called_________.

A)cognitive psychology
B)differential psychology
C)work psychology
D)personality psychology

Answer 1

differential psychology

Question 2

Intelligence or cognitive ability tells us about:

A)What kinds of book a person reads.
B)How likely a person is to suffer from mental illness.
C)A person's general mental reasoning capability.
D)A person's preferred style of behaviour.

Answer 2

A person's general mental reasoning capability.

Question 3

The idea and evidence for a general factor of intelligence is most often attributed to:

A)Cattel
B)Galton
C)Binet
D)Spearman

Answer 3

Spearman

Question 4

The ability to solve novel problems with no prior knowledge or education relating to the problemis called ____.

A)fluid ability
B)constant ability
C)crystallized ability
D)intuition

Question 5

Why do some people argue that emotional intelligence cannot be considered a real form ofintelligence?

A)Because they dislike soft people.
B)Because they believe that all people are equally good at reading emotion.
C)Because emotional intelligence does not correlate with factor g.
D)Because emotional intelligence does not overlap with personality.

Question 6

Measures of general cognitive ability usually:

A)Have right and wrong answers.
B)Test problem solving.
C)Test different kinds of reasoning.
D)All of the above.

Question 7

Psychoanalysis is based on the theories of:

A)Freud
B)Galton
C)Skinner
D)Costa

Question 8

The id, ego, and ______ are all structures of the mind in psychoanalysis.

A)consciousness
B)sexual development
C)super-ego
D)none of the above

Question 9

Instead of internal cognitions or personality processes, behaviourists concentrated on ____.

A)interviews
B)the biology of the brain
C)self-perception
D)observable behaviour

Question 10

Bandura emphasized the reciprocal determinism of person, behaviour and ____.

A)organization
B)environment
C)stimulus
D)attitude

Question 11

The influential critique by Mischel about personality traits suggested that _____ had a muchstronger influence on behaviour than personality.

A)intelligence
B)situations
C)emotion
D)life experience

Question 12

Personality traits represent patterns or consistencies in:

A)Behaviour
B)Emotion
C)Thought
D)All of the above

Question 13

The Big _____ model is the most agreed upon representation of personality traits.

A)One
B)Five
C)Seven
D)Sixteen

Question 14

Which personality dimension has consistently shown the strongest relationship with jobperformance?

A)Emotional stability
B)Extraversion
C)Agreeableness
D)Conscientiousness

Question 15

Cognitive ability leads to better job performance because people are able to:

A)Acquire more job knowledge.
B)Get promoted more quickly.
C)Be confident in their ability.
D)All of the above.

Question 16

Personality traits predict _____ at work.

A)satisfaction
B)performance
C)commitment
D)all of the above

Question 17

A generally positive or negative feeling is called:

A)An emotion
B)A personality trait
C)A mood
D)Affect

Question 18

What is seen as the intersection between personality and emotions?

A)Mood
B)Trait affordances
C)Expressionism
D)Emotion regulation

Question 19

Internal consistency and test-retest stability are forms of:

A)Psychometrics
B)Validity
C)Reliability
D)None of the above

Question 20

Cognitive ability is measured through assessments that test____ and ____ to answer reasoningproblems correctly.

A)capacity and capability
B)intelligence and intuition
C)adaptability and thinking
D)reasoning and openness

Question 21

Psychometric measures of personality typically:

A)Don't predict anything very well.
B)Ask people about how much they agree with statements about their behaviour, thought or
Emotion.
C)Ask people to present themselves favourably.
D)Ask people to get a friend to describe their personality.

Question 22

Cronbach's alpha is a way of measuring:

A)Validity
B)Reliability
C)Personality
D)All of the above

Question 23

Which of the following is not a kind of validity in psychometrics?

A)Face validity
B)Criterion validity
C)Construct validity
D)Organization validity

Question 24

When tests are used for making HR and personnel decisions, it is particularly important that theydemonstrate:

A)Ease of administration
B)Criterion validity
C)Reliability
D)Answers b and c above
E)Answers a and c above

Question 25

The form of validity that examines whether a test predicts important outcomes or variables iscalled:

A)Face validity
B)Criterion validity
C)Construct validity
D)Content validity