Deck 4: Ink on Paper

Question 1

Jimmy Wales developed this online reference site that allows people to collaborate on writing and editing web content.

A) Wikipedia
B) Google
C) Sony
D) Yahoo

Answer 1

Wikipedia

Question 2

When members of Congress modified Wikipedia entries about themselves and their voting records

A) nothing was done to correct them.
B) they were barred from the site while Wikipedia staff restored accurate content.
C) Congress passed a law making it illegal to falsely change Wkipedia content.
D) Wikipedia was temporarily shut down.

Answer 2

they were barred from the site while Wikipedia staff restored accurate content.

Question 3

Wikipedia does all of the following EXCEPT

A) averages four errors for every three found in the Encyclopaedia Britannica.
B) contains more than 30 times as many articles as the printed Encyclopaedia Britannica.
C) offers versions ("editions") in more than 35 languages.
D) represents the techno-driven environment in which printed media operate today.

Answer 3

represents the techno-driven environment in which printed media operate today.

Question 4

The first truly mass medium was

A) parchment scrolls.
B) magazines.
C) newspapers.
D) posters.

Question 5

All of the following were contributing factors in the success of the penny press EXCEPT

A) industrialization
B) immigration
C) literacy
D) democracy

Question 6

Ben Day's launch of his New York Sun is significant in the history of newspapers because it

A) was the nation's first newspaper.
B) was the first to rely on advertising to make a profit.
C) introduced photography to newspapers.
D) offered the first home-delivery to subscribers.

Question 7

The four characteristics used to distinguish the major ink-on-paper media from one another include all of the following EXCEPT

A) binding.
B) content.
C) regularity.
D) size.

Question 8

All of the following statements about the history of the newspaper industry are true EXCEPT

A) as a whole, the industry never reached the profit levels of the book industry.
B) chain ownership dramatically increased in the 1970s and profitability soared.
C) the newspaper business model was essentially unchanged for more than 150 years.
D) newspapers were the first major mass media industry.

Question 9

The basic organizational structure of most newspapers includes all of the following operating units EXCEPT

A) advertising.
B) circulation.
C) entertainment.
D) new-editorial.

Question 10

The basic organizational structure of most newspapers includes all of the following operating units EXCEPT

A) business.
B) circulation.
C) production.
D) sports.

Question 11

Newspapers in the 21^st century include people with all of the following job titles EXCEPT

A) bookkeepers.
B) editors.
C) publishers.
D) typesetters.

Question 12

Newspaper circulation in the U.S. continues to

A) skyrocket.
B) decline.
C) increase but more slowly than before because of the Internet.
D) hold steady after years of steady increases.

Question 13

Newspaper readership in the U.S. peaked in

A) 1958.
B) 1984.
C) 2001.
D) 2008.

Question 14

The term wasn't developed until much later, but the first "newspaper chain" in the U.S. was created by

A) Benjamin Day
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Frank Gannett
D) William Randolph Hearst

Question 15

The key factor in the amazing growth in the number and size of newspaper chains in the 1970s and 1980s was

A) an increasing public hunger for more news.
B) an unexpected decline in television viewing.
C) increased profitability among newspapers made them a desirable purchase.
D) new telecommunications systems made it easier to manage papers in multiple locations.

Question 16

Morning newspapers, called AMs, which used to outnumber afternoon papers, called PMs, have almost completely disappeared. The reasons include all of the following EXCEPT

A) more of the workforce leaving factory work and moving into 9-to-5 jobs.
B) people decided they had better things to do after work than read a newspaper.
C) the popularity and 24/7 availability of the Internet.
D) television's growth in popularity as both a news and entertainment medium.

Question 17

Trying to remain profitable, newspapers made all of the following cutbacks EXCEPT

A) closing outlying bureaus and offices and reducing staff sizes.
B) cutting the number and size of pages to reduce weight and thereby distribution costs.
C) printing on lower-quality and cheaper grades of paper.
D) printing fewer photographs and graphics in color.

Question 18

The first U.S. newspaper to establish an online presence was

A) the Albuquerque Tribune.
B) the Baltimore Sun.
C) the Detroit Free Press.
D) the Los Angeles Times.

Question 19

The New York Times first established its reputation for courage in

A) publishing the Pentagon Papers despite government objections..
B) admitting Jason Blair's spectacular stories were false.
C) leading other papers in reporting on the Watergate scandal..
D) uncovering and reporting New York City corruption in the Tweed scandal.

Question 20

The landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that reshaped U.S. libel laws was

A) Brown Education v. the New York Times.
B) New York Times v. the United States.
C) New York Times v. Sullivan.
D) Roe Wade v. the New York Times.

Question 21

Among the best ways to describe the New York Times is

A) known worldwide for its journalistic excellence.
B) largest circulation daily newspaper in the world.
C) popular for its crossword puzzles and front-page comic strips.
D) snobbish and elitist, appealing only to rich intellectuals.

Question 22

The only national newspaper among the following four is the

A) Miami Herald.
B) Wall Street Journal.
C) Los Angeles Times.
D) Chicago Tribune.

Question 23

The largest circulation daily newspapers in the United States are

A) the Chicago Tribune and the New York Times.
B) the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times.
C) the USA Today and the Washington Post.
D) the Wall Street Journal and the USA Today.

Question 24

The Wall Street Journal expanded from its role as a small business journal because of

A) Jayson Blair.
B) Mary Baker Eddy.
C) Barney Kilgore.
D) George Jones.

Question 25

USA Today targeted corporate travelers by offering

A) unrivaled depth in business coverage.
B) unrivaled depth in general news coverage.
C) extensive comics.
D) short, crisp stories and graphics that offer a quick fix on the news.

Question 26

USA Today was conceived and led to success by

A) Allen Neuharth
B) Frank Gannett
C) Benjamin Day
D) Rupert Murdoch

Question 27

USA Today was a ground-breaking newspaper for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A) color photos and lots of graphics were introduced.
B) it broke the long tradition of newspapers being local or regionally-oriented.
C) its circulation relied primarily on subscriptions and not single-copy sales.
D) stories tried to be lively and upbeat rather than gloomy and depressing.

Question 28

Approximately how many magazines arecurrently published in the United States?

A) under 10,000.
B) 12,000.
C) 18,000.
D) 24,000.

Question 29

All of the following are among the leading U.S. magazine publishers EXCEPT

A) Bethany.
B) Cond? Nast.
C) Hachette Filapacchi.
D) Meredith.

Question 30

Time, Inc. publishes all of the following magazines EXCEPT

A) Car & Driver.
B) Money.
C) People.
D) Sports Illustrated.

Question 31

The leading medium in innovating long-form journalism, which includes in-depth news coverage, thought-provoking commentary, and personal essays was

A) newspapers.
B) magazines
C) television.
D) radio.

Question 32

Magazines like Atlantic and Harper's whose content have intellectual appeal are called

A) highbrow slicks.
B) news magazines.
C) intellectual periodicals.
D) literati.

Question 33

Daniel Defoe's Weekly Review is well-known in the history of magazines for

A) introducing photography.
B) financial reporting.
C) essays and thought-provoking commentary.
D) sports coverage.

Question 34

Muckraking is

A) offering discount rates to advertisers.
B) an early term for investigative reporting.
C) an outdated term for unscrupulous advertising.
D) seeking revenue from auxiliary sources.

Question 35

Which of the following was NOT an innovation by the magazine industry?

A) investigative reporting
B) in-depth personality profiles
C) photojournalism
D) printing the full text of Presidential speeches

Question 36

Which magazine refined and elevated the question-and-answer format to a higher level?

A) Sports Illustrated
B) Rolling Stone
C) Playboy
D) Newsweek

Question 37

Which magazine pioneered magazine visuals by sending artists to draw Civil War battles?

A) Time
B) National Geographic
C) Look
D) Harper's Weekly

Question 38

Which magazine pioneered the photo essay?

A) Maxim
B) Life
C) Highlights
D) Popular Photography

Question 39

CPM is advertising jargon for

A) the estimated number of audience members who will be exposed to an ad.
B) the cost per million readers, viewers, or listeners reached by an ad.
C) the number of people each dollar of advertising will reach.
D) the money it takes to reach a thousand audience members with an ad.

Question 40

Magazines survived the assault of television by reinventing themselves and appealing to a narrower, or focused audience in a process called

A) competition.
B) sponsored magazines.
C) demassification.
D) vanity publishing.

Question 41

Today the magazine industry faces the same challenges as other traditional print-based media EXCEPT

A) an aging workforce unwilling to adapt to new media.
B) competition from digital media.
C) declining advertiser interest.
D) increasingly fragmented audiences.

Question 42

Historically, magazine revenue has been dependent upon

A) advertising sales.
B) circulation and distribution.
C) sales to readers and space sales to advertisers.
D) subscriptions and newsstand sales.

Question 43

Starting with Hollywood Reporter, Richard Beckman is hoping to transform drab trade journals into a glitzy new type of publication he calls "B-to-I" meaning

A) back to information.
B) born to inspire.
C) business to industry.
D) business to influential.

Question 44

Examples of Web-only publications include all of the following EXCEPT

A) The Daily.
B) Hollywood Reporter.
C) Salon.
D) Slate.

Question 45

This publisher is almost a household word for pulp romances.

A) Routledge
B) Harlequin
C) HarperCollins
D) Oxford Press

Question 46

Consolidation has made the book industry more international. For example, German publishing giant Bertelsmann now owns all of these once-American publishers EXCEPT

A) Bantam.
B) Doubleday .
C) Pearson.
D) Random House.

Question 47

Book retailing has been financially challenged and readjusting since

A) the 1930s when public libraries began checking books out free of charge.
B) the 1960s when B. Dalton and other chain bookstores began displacing independent bookstores.
C) the 1980s when Barnes & Noble introduced superstores that dwarfed typical chain stores.
D) the 1990s when Jeff Bezos launched Amazon.com.

Question 48

What is the name for the book genre that includes encyclopedias, dictionaries and atlases?

A) trade books
B) textbooks
C) pulp fiction
D) reference books

Question 49

Which of these is a trade book?

A) World Atlas
B) Gone With the Wind by Margaret Mitchell
C) Merriam Webster's College Dictionary
D) Interpretative Reporting by Curtis MacDougall

Question 50

What percentage of trade books lose money?

A) 5 percent
B) 30 percent
C) 60 percent
D) 75 percent

Question 51

The challenges the book industry faces with e-books include all of the following EXCEPT

A) attracting sufficient advertisers to offset the cost of developing new e-readers.
B) creating well-edited, high-quality books people will be willing to pay for.
C) developing a pricing model that satisfies readers, distributors, and retailers.
D) growing concerns that young readers are drifting away from reading books.

Question 52

Kindle is an example of

A) a new way to bind paperbacks.
B) an e-reader.
C) the latest graphic novel genre.
D) an electronic textbook.

Question 53

An e-book is to an e-reader as

A) a book is to a library.
B) an apple is to an orange.
C) a computer is to a software program.
D) an app is to smart phone.

Question 54

Newspapers and magazines both play an important role in democracy because of their

A) in-depth financial reporting.
B) investigative reporting.
C) low cost.
D) legal advertising.

Question 55

One of the main ways newspapers played an important role in defending and promoting free expression was

A) running letters to the editors presenting all viewpoints.
B) hiring diverse newsroom staffs.
C) filing lawsuits to support everyone's First Amendment rights.
D) keeping their prices low cost so everyone could afford the news.

Question 56

Jimmy Wales created World Book Encyclopedia.

Question 57

A survey by the journal Nature in 2005 found that Wikipedia had four errors for every three found in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, but errors were rare in both places.

Question 58

The printing technology Gutenberg developed in the 15^th century made mass media possible, but it took almost four centuries for them to emerge as industries.

Question 59

Social and economic changes in the United States in the 1830s gave birth to mass media that actually reached mass audiences.

Question 60

Industrialization, urbanization, and increasing literacy rates were among the factors that made the rise of mass media possible.

Question 61

The penny press was so named because it cost just one cent to produce.

Question 62

Ben Day launched the New York Sun in 1833, which was notable in newspaper history because it shifted the financial base from sales and subscriptions to advertising.

Question 63

Newspaper circulation peaked in 2007.

Question 64

The publisher is at the top of a newspaper management chain and is either the owner of the paper or is appointed by the owner to head the paper.

Question 65

The newspaper's editor is NOT responsible for managing the advertising, circulation, and production departments; other managers do that.

Question 66

A newspaper publisher "outranks" its editor, even an editor-in-chief.

Question 67

Benjamin Franklin was a harsh critic of newspaper chains.

Question 68

Newspaper chains grew considerably in the 1970s and 1980s.

Question 69

There are more morning newspapers in the U.S. than afternoon newspapers.

Question 70

The year 2008 was particularly grueling for the newspaper industry with losses of an estimated 20,000 jobs.

Question 71

Newspaper chains are more concerned with strong news content than profit.

Question 72

A compromise between free access and a subscription fee, paywalls allow online newspaper readers to access a limited number of stories for free but blocks them from more until they pay.

Question 73

The New York Times established a reputation for courageous reporting with the Tweed scandal.

Question 74

While highly regarded, the New York Times is NOT a newspaper of record.

Question 75

After Rupert Murdoch bought the Wall Street Journal, he made changes to make it more directly competitive with the New York Times.

Question 76

One way USA Today differed from other newspapers was its flashy presentation and short stories.

Question 77

The Daily, a newspaper available only in digital form as an app for iPads, is a risky experiment that could influence the future of newspaper operations.

Question 78

There are about 18,000 magazines in the U.S. today.

Question 79

Only half of all U.S. magazines have circulation of more than 100,000 copies.

Question 80

Sports Illustrated is consistently among the top three magazines for total circulation.