Question 1

The traditionally recognized research roles for baccalaureate-prepared nurses are those of&#10;A) research consumer and research team member.&#10;B) principal investigator for large-scale practice-based studies.&#10;C) securing grant funding and initiating grant writing projects.

Accepted Answer

Research consumer and research team member are the traditional roles for the BSN nurse. While many baccalaureate-prepared nurses work in settings where they will need to assume leadership roles in carrying out small-scale practice-based studies, it is rare that a BSN level nurse will take on the role of principal investigator or grant seeker/writer.

Question 2

Which of the following are particularly appropriate foci for practice-based research projects?&#10;A) Original studies, theory development, and comparison.&#10;B) Replication studies, outcomes research, and evaluation research.&#10;C) Theory-based replication, original studies, and model development.

Accepted Answer

Practice-based, clinical research which focuses on replication, outcomes, and evaluation align well with clinical questions and practice problems. Original studies and theory or model development are more often seen as the focus in academic research projects at the graduate and doctorial level.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best explains why role conflict is a specific challenge encountered when conducting practice-based research?&#10;A) Obtaining agency approval may be an issue when the researcher is also a staff member with access to general information.&#10;B) Researcher and clinician responsibilities may conflict when the study requires a control group and the clinician wants best access to treatment.&#10;C) Role conflict might be an issue when confronting issues of politics and control over securing resources.

Accepted Answer

Role conflict arises when one role interferes with another, as is the case when the researcher needs to develop and follow study protocols and the clinician desires to provide the best known available care. This can also become an ethical issue if denial of a treatment protocol could cause harm to the control group. Obtaining agency approval and securing resources, while certainly challenges for the practice-based researcher, are not specific to role conflict.

Question 4

Replication studies are the reproduction of previously conducted research based on&#10;A) a researcher's expertise required to exactly duplicate prior work.&#10;B) minor modifications as suggested by the original researcher.&#10;C) the hypothesis that results will not be transferable to the new population.

Accepted Answer

Replication research entails using the same research purpose and questions, sampling strategies, data collection procedures, and data analysis processes as the original study.
Replication studies are doable for research teams that lack extensive experience or the sophisticated research knowledge base and skills that come with graduate education. The hypothesis is that the study will be replicable in a new or different population.

Question 5

Evaluation research can focus on&#10;A) data gathering and/or analysis.&#10;B) implementation and/or planning.&#10;C) processes and/or outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Evaluation research entails collecting and analyzing an array of data linked to the use of a new evidence-based practice in order to determine if the process is effective and if the desired outcomes are achieved. Data gathering, analysis, implementation, and goals are not the focus but rather steps in the research process.

Question 6

Evaluation research that is undertaken to obtain information about the implementation of a new program or practice is referred to as a(n)&#10;A) impact evaluation.&#10;B) outcome evaluation.&#10;C) process evaluation.

Accepted Answer

Process evaluation focuses on the extent to which an intervention was implemented as planned. Outcome evaluation focuses on whether an intervention achieved desired results. Impact evaluation focuses on all effects or impacts of an intervention.

Question 7

Participatory action research (sometimes referred to as PAR) is characterized by&#10;A) collaboration between the researchers and study participants.&#10;B) involvement of lobby groups in the research phase of idea development.&#10;C) researchers from practice and academia working together on a project.

Accepted Answer

Collaboration between the researcher and participant in defining the research problem, selecting the research approach and methods, collecting and analyzing the data, and deciding how to use the findings is participatory action research (PAR). Traditionally, PAR has been used predominantly with community groups that are oppressed or vulnerable to control by other individuals. Neither involvement of lobby groups in the research phase of idea development nor researchers from practice and academia working together on a project are characteristics of PAR.

Question 8

Practice-based research projects unfold in three sequential phases which are&#10;A) formation of clinical question, resource identification, and participant availability.&#10;B) idea development, project development, and project implementation.&#10;C) problem identification, selection of study type, and timeline development.

Accepted Answer

Practice projects unfold in inter-related, dynamic, and non-linear phases of idea generation, project development, and project implementation. Forming a clinical question is the first step in conducting a literature review. Problem identification is part of the study development and not the project process.

Question 9

The project planning phase results in a(n)&#10;A) detailed study proposal that is submitted to the IRB.&#10;B) generation of plausible study approaches.&#10;C) outline for literature search and review.

Accepted Answer

A detailed study proposal that is submitted for the Institutional Review Board (IRB) and other necessary approvals is the overall goal of the study planning phase. Once these approvals are obtained, project implementation can begin. Generation of plausible approaches and an outline for a literature review would occur in the idea development phase.

Question 10

The project implementation phase results in which of the following?&#10;A) Data analysis and decisions about the meaning of findings and how to use them.&#10;B) A detailed study proposal which is submitted for necessary approvals.&#10;C) Synopsis of a proposal and presentation to the research team.

Accepted Answer

As the practice project unfolds, data analysis and decisions about the meaning of findings and how to disseminate and use them culminates in the project implementation phase.
A detailed study proposal is the result of the project planning phase, whereas a synopsis of a proposal with presentation to the team is a result of the idea development phase.

Question 11

Most practice-based research projects are carried out as _________ projects.&#10;A) Basic research.&#10;B) Large-scale.&#10;C) Team.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most practice-based research projects are carried out...

Question 12

Which of the following resources that are needed to conduct a practice-based project is most important for study credibility?&#10;A) Personnel, time, and money.&#10;B) Physical space and equipment.&#10;C) Sufficient number of study participants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following resources that are...

Question 13

A variety of funding is available for practice-based research projects. One that is often overlooked is&#10;A) grant support from supply or equipment vendors.&#10;B) in-kind support in terms of material resources.&#10;C) nursing organization small study funding.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A variety of funding is available for...

Question 14

Nurse leaders can create strategies for success with practice-based research through creation of which of the following?&#10;A) Collaboration and visibility.&#10;B) Funding sources.&#10;C) Library access.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nurse leaders can create strategies for success...

Deck 15: Conducting Research in Practice Settings