Deck 9: Gender And Sexuality

Question 1

Anna was denied service at a local bar because she is female.This is an example of

A) sex stereotypes.
B) gender stratification.
C) sexism.
D) sex identifying.
E) gender stratification.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

_____ refers to learned attitudes and behaviors that characterize women and men.

A) Sex
B) Gender
C) Gender identity
D) Sex roles
E) Sexual identity

Answer 2

B

Question 3

_____ percent of married mothers are in the labor force,compared with only 40% in 1970.

A) 10 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 30 percent
D) 70 percent
E) 80 percent

Answer 3

D

Question 4

By third grade,males perform _____ on mathematics tests than/as females.

A) better
B) about the same
C) worse
D) no differently
E) Testing is not done in the third grade.

Question 5

By third grade,males perform _____ on reading tests than/as females.

A) much better
B) similarly
C) worse
D) no differently
E) Testing is not done in the third grade.

Question 6

_____ is/are an attitude or behavior that discriminates against one sex based on the assumed superiority of the other sex.

A) Sex identities
B) Gender roles
C) Sex stereotypes
D) Sexism
E) Racism

Question 7

Compared with males,full-time women faculty in higher education are most likely to occupy the rank of

A) Professor.
B) Associate Professor.
C) Assistant Professor.
D) Instructor.
E) Lecturer.

Question 8

_____ refer(s)to people's unequal access to wealth,power,status,prestige,and other valued resources on the basis of their sex.

A) Stratification
B) Gender stratification
C) Gender role
D) Sex stereotypes
E) Sexism

Question 9

_____ include(s)the characteristics,attitudes,feelings and behaviors that society expects of males and females.

A) Gender identities
B) Gender roles
C) Gender structures
D) Gender stratification
E) Gender stereotypes

Question 10

Women's jobs tend to be "feminine" and require

A) care-giving.
B) stoicism
C) knowledge of mechanics.
D) positions of authority.
E) higher levels of education.

Question 11

_____ is/are a perception of one's self as either masculine or feminine.

A) Sex
B) Gender
C) Sex roles
D) Gender roles
E) Gender identity

Question 12

_____ is/are based on social and cultural expectations,not on physical traits.

A) Sex
B) Gender
C) Role identity
D) Sex roles
E) Sexual identity

Question 13

_____ are expectations about how people will look,act,think,and feel because of their sex.

A) Gender roles
B) Gender structures
C) Gender stratification
D) Gender identities
E) Gender stereotypes

Question 14

In kindergarten,males perform _____ on reading and mathematics tests than/as females.

A) much better
B) better
C) similarly
D) worse
E) much worse

Question 15

Biological characteristics (anatomy,hormones,etc)determine one's

A) sex.
B) gender.
C) gender roles.
D) sex roles.
E) sexual identity.

Question 16

_________ is a perception of oneself as either masculine or feminine.

A) Gender
B) Gender identity
C) Gender roles
D) Gender stereotypes
E) Gender stratification

Question 17

The difference between male and female pay is called the

A) gender wage difference.
B) sex gap.
C) lifetime earnings gap.
D) sex earnings difference.
E) gender pay gap.

Question 18

Gender identity is typically developed

A) early in life.
B) during adolescents.
C) after puberty.
D) during young adulthood.
E) after having children of their own.

Question 19

_____ influence(s)our behavior but does not determine how we think,feel and act.

A) Sex
B) Gender
C) Gender roles
D) Sex roles
E) Sexual identity

Question 20

On average,women earn approximately _____ for every dollar men earn.

A) $1.04
B) $0.98
C) $0.81
D) $0.66
E) $0.50

Question 21

_____ refers to a preference for sexual partners of the same sex,of the opposite sex,or of either sex.

A) Sexual discrimination
B) Sexual orientation
C) Sexuality
D) Gender role
E) Gender identity

Question 22

Sexual harassment includes

A) consensual behavior.
B) nonverbal behavior.
C) metaphysical contact.
D) emotional misconduct.
E) theoretical behavior.

Question 23

Jonathon dresses in female clothing on the weekends,when his wife is at her parent's beach house.His sexual orientation is

A) transsexual.
B) intersexual.
C) transvestite.
D) bisexual.
E) homosexual.

Question 24

The _____ of 1978 made it illegal for employers to fire,demote,or penalize a pregnant employee.

A) Pregnancy Discouragement Commission
B) Motherhood Discrimination Commission
C) Pregnancy Discrimination Act
D) Fertility Enhancement Act
E) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Question 25

_____ is any unwanted sexual advance,request for sexual favors,or other conduct of a sexual nature that makes a person uncomfortable and interferes with his or her work.

A) Sexual misconduct
B) Sexual harassment
C) Sexism
D) Feminism
E) Pregnancy discrimination

Question 26

Ella is a student at the local university.She recently failed her biology exam.She decided to visit her professor during office hours to discuss how she could study better for the next exam.Her biology professor told her that she could be assured a passing grade in the course if she would have sexual intercourse with him.Ella experienced

A) gendered politics.
B) gendered behavior.
C) sexual discrimination.
D) sexual harassment.
E) biology in action.

Question 27

Linda,a woman,is not sexually attracted to men or women.His sexual orientation is

A) homosexual.
B) bisexual.
C) heterosexual.
D) androsexual.
E) asexual.

Question 28

Pat was born with both male and female genitals.Pat's sexual orientation is

A) transsexual.
B) intersexual.
C) transvestite.
D) bisexual.
E) homosexual.

Question 29

Isaiah was born a male.When he turned 18,he chose to undergo sex reassignment surgery to become a woman,Ingrid.His sexual orientation is

A) transsexual.
B) intersexual.
C) transvestite.
D) bisexual.
E) homosexual.

Question 30

Austin,a man,is sexually attracted to women.His sexual orientation is

A) homosexual.
B) bisexual.
C) heterosexual.
D) androsexual.
E) asexual.

Question 31

Brandon,a man,is sexually attracted to other men.His sexual orientation is

A) homosexual.
B) bisexual.
C) heterosexual.
D) androsexual.
E) asexual.

Question 32

In 2011,______ U.S.Congress members were women.

A) 9%
B) 17%
C) 22%
D) 33%
E) 41%

Question 33

Americans estimate that _____ of the population is gay or lesbian.

A) 25%
B) 7%
C) 11%
D) 18%
E) 23%

Question 34

Emma,a woman,is sexually attracted to both men and women.Her sexual orientation is

A) homosexual.
B) bisexual.
C) heterosexual.
D) androsexual.
E) asexual.

Question 35

Which of the following is not a sexual orientation?

A) homosexual
B) bisexual
C) heterosexual
D) androsexual
E) asexual

Question 36

Sexual harassment became an illegal form of sex discrimination in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of _____ and again in the 1980 _____ guidelines.

A) 1949; Equal Hiring Commission
B) 1964; Equal Job Force Commission
C) 1964; Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
D) 1979; Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
E) 1979; Job Force Discrimination Act

Question 37

According to several studies,41 percent of the gender wage gap can be explained by

A) differences in education.
B) differences in experience.
C) differences in time in workforce.
D) sex discrimination.
E) gender traits.

Question 38

Brianne,an office assistant,works for a three-man law firm.Last week,she overheard the lawyers making jokes about her figure.Brianne was experiencing

A) gendered behavior.
B) normal "guy stuff."
C) sexual harassment.
D) gender identity.
E) metaphysical harassment.

Question 39

The gender pay gap increases as the level of ______________ increases.

A) educational attainment
B) sexual harassment
C) gender traits
D) gender identities
E) gender equality

Question 40

Among U.S.State Governors,_____ are women.

A) 6%
B) 12%
C) 18%
D) 24%
E) 31%

Question 41

_____ is the fear and hatred of homosexuality.

A) Homosexism
B) Homophobia
C) Sexiphobia
D) Heterosexism
E) Biophobia

Question 42

Which of the following countries has not legalized same-sex marriage?

A) Belgium
B) Canada
C) Netherlands
D) South Africa
E) Italy

Question 43

Biological theories contend that

A) sexual behavior is largely the result of social pressure.
B) sexual orientation has a strong genetic basis.
C) sexual identity is based on biological factors.
D) sexual orientation is based on parental influence.
E) sexual orientation is a choice.

Question 44

_____ state/s has/have amended their constitutions to include language limiting marriage to a man and a woman.

A) One
B) Eight
C) Twenty
D) Twenty-nine
E) Forty-three

Question 45

On average,which of the following are the most likely to have an abortion?

A) Latinas, women ages 20-24, with no high school diploma
B) White women, women ages 30-39, with some college education
C) White women, women age 19 and younger, with no high school diploma
D) Black women, women ages 20-24, with no high school diploma
E) Latinas, women ages 25-29, with some college education

Question 46

The ban against gays in the military is an example of

A) homosexism.
B) bisexism.
C) biophobia.
D) gay bashing.
E) heterosexism.

Question 47

_____ is the belief that heterosexuality is superior and more "natural" than homosexuality or bisexuality.

A) Heterobiology
B) Heterosexism
C) Homosexism
D) Bisexism
E) Asexualism

Question 48

All of the following are arguments against legalizing same-sex marriage except:

A) Children raised in gay households will imitate their parent's homosexual behavior.
B) Same-sex households are not good for children.
C) People can love each other without getting married.
D) Same-sex marriage would polarize church members.
E) People should be able to marry anyone they love.

Question 49

Around the world,_____ countries have legalized same-sex marriage.

A) 2
B) 10
C) 15
D) 25
E) 42

Question 50

Women in which of the following age groups are the most likely to have an abortion?

A) under age 19
B) ages 20-24
C) ages 25-29
D) ages 30-39
E) over age 40

Question 51

Which of the following statements is true regarding abortions?

A) Abortions performed in the first trimester of pregnancy pose a serious, negative, long-term risk of problems for the mother.
B) Abortions performed in the first trimester of pregnancy pose a serious and long-term risk of problems for the mother if she is poor.
C) Abortions performed in the first trimester of pregnancy pose no long-term risk of problems for the mother.
D) Abortions lead to drug abuse and depression.
E) Abortions result in increased mental health issues.

Question 52

Social constructionist theories contend that

A) sexual behavior is largely the result of social pressure and culture.
B) sexual orientation has a strong genetic basis.
C) sexual identity is based on cultural factors.
D) sexual orientation is based on social structure.
E) sexual orientation is a choice.

Question 53

The abortion rate _____ during the 1970s,and has _____ since 1980.

A) increased; increased
B) increased; decreased
C) decreased; increased
D) decreased; decreased
E) stayed the same; decreased

Question 54

Opposition to same-sex marriage is highest among which of the following groups?

A) persons age 40 - 54
B) persons age 55 and older
C) persons who live in the North
D) persons who live on the East coast
E) persons age 25 - 39

Question 55

The _____ is the number of abortions per 1000 women ages 15 to 44.

A) abortion complex
B) abortion rate
C) abortion index
D) abortion indicator
E) abortion rule

Question 56

In _____,the U.S.Supreme Court legalized abortion as a constitutional right when it ruled on Roe v.Wade.

A) 1914
B) 1937
C) 1942
D) 1973
E) 1996

Question 57

_____ of all pregnancies in America are unintended.

A) 11%
B) 25%
C) 39%
D) 49%
E) 61%

Question 58

_____ of all unintended pregnancies end in abortion.

A) 11%
B) 25%
C) 39%
D) 43%
E) 61%

Question 59

All of the following are arguments in favor of legalizing same-sex marriage except:

A) Same-sex marriages benefit only children who are of the same sex as his/her parents.
B) Same-sex marriage would strengthen same-sex families that already exist.
C) Children would be better off if their parents were legally married.
D) Attitudes and laws change. Interracial marriages were prohibited until 1967.
E) There is no scientific evidence showing that children would be harmed by same-sex marriage.

Question 60

Women with which of the following education levels are the most likely to have an abortion?

A) did not finish high school
B) high school diploma
C) some college
D) college degree
E) professional degree

Question 61

Gender inequality is socially constructed.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 62

_____ is/are the graphic depiction of images that cause sexual arousal.

A) Sexual scripts
B) Pornography
C) Libretto
D) Sexual identities
E) Sexual orientation

Question 63

Sexuality is linked to gender inequality and the control of women's sexual behavior by men.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 64

Which of the following is not a common criticism of functionalist theory?

A) During the 1950s, men and women performed both instrumental and expressive roles.
B) Even when women work outside the home, they perform the majority of the housework.
C) Functionalist views discourage equality between sexes.
D) Functionalists downplay the importance of sex outside of marriage.
E) Functionalists encourage cohabitation and sex outside of marriage.

Question 65

Gender inequality is reflected in society's views of sexuality.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 66

_____ feminists maintain that gender,race,and social class are intertwined to form a hierarchical stratification system.

A) Radical
B) Opportune
C) Liberal
D) Multiracial
E) Conservative

Question 67

Sexism is a(an)

A) attitude.
B) behavior.
C) attitude or behavior.
D) example of a gender stereotype.
E) example of sexual harassment.

Question 68

A division of gender roles helps society function smoothly.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 69

The purpose of sexuality is reproduction.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 70

A gendered division of labor can be explained through a focus on capitalism.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 71

Gender stratification benefits men.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 72

Gender discrimination often goes unnoticed because

A) beliefs about male superiority are internalized.
B) laws prohibit such discrimination.
C) there are more males than females.
D) gender discrimination is poorly defined.
E) it is uncommon.

Question 73

_____ feminists maintain that gender equality can be achieved through equal civil rights and equal opportunities.

A) Radical
B) Opportune
C) Liberal
D) Multiracial
E) Conservative

Question 74

According to functionalists,sex is most effective when

A) it is practiced outside of marriage
B) it is practiced within a marriage.
C) it is practiced regularly.
D) it is practiced with the blessing of religion.
E) it is not practiced.

Question 75

According to functionalists,males typically perform the "_____ role."

A) influential
B) communicative
C) instrumental
D) expressive
E) principle

Question 76

Gender inequality is built into the social structure,in and out of the home.Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 77

Which of the following is not a common criticism of conflict theorists?

A) They overemphasize male-female competition.
B) They encourage cohabitation and sex outside of marriage.
C) They overemphasize the differences between males and females.
D) They underemphasize the similarities between males and females.
E) They tend to ignore the use of sexuality to exploit women.

Question 78

Most people accommodate their behavior to gender role expectations by "doing gender." Which sociological perspective does this statement illustrate?

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) symbolic interactionist
D) feminist
E) exchange

Question 79

According to functionalists,females typically perform the "_____ role."

A) involved
B) active
C) instrumental
D) expressive
E) emotional

Question 80

_____ feminists maintain that patriarchy is the major reason for women's oppression.

A) Radical
B) Opportune
C) Liberal
D) Multiracial
E) Conservative