Deck 6: Stacks

Question 1

A client of a list can access any element and can insert elements at any location.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In programming, a(n) __________ is a data structure with the property that only the top element of the stack is accessible.

Answer 2

stack

Question 3

The storage policy of a stack is sometimes referred to as __________.

A) First-In, First-Out, or FIFO
B) First-In, Last-Out, or LILO
C) Last-In, First-Out, or LIFO
D) Last-in, Last-Out, or LILO

Answer 3

Last-In, First-Out, or LIFO

Question 4

Which of the following is a stack operation?

A) front
B) top
C) insert
D) back

Question 5

Which string is output by the last line of the following instruction set?
My_stack.push("Last to arrive ");
My_stack.push("first to leave ");
My_stack.pop();
Cout << my_stack.top() << endl;

A) Last to arrive
B) Last to arrive first to leave
C) first to leave Last to arrive
D) first to leave

Question 6

A(n) __________ is a string that reads the same in either direction: left to right or right to left.

Question 7

The code segment from build_reverse, a member function of Palindrome_Finder, has been incorrectly altered.
The line __________ replaces the error written into the code segment.

A) while (char_stack.empty())
B) result = char_stack.front();
C) result += char_stack.top();
D) char_stack.push();

Question 8

Complete the definition for the new function class CiLess_Than, which will be used to perform a case-sensitive comparison of characters.

Question 9

An expression is __________ if each subexpression that starts with the symbol { ends with the symbol }, and the same statement is true for the other symbol pairs.

Question 10

The expression
(w * [x + y) / z - [p / {r - q}])
Is not balanced, because the subexpression __________ is incorrect.

A) {r - q}
B) [x + y)
C) [p / {r - q}]
D) p / {r - q}

Question 11

Suppose the function is_balanced in Paren_Checker.cpp is called with the expression
[ (x + y)/8 - z [ p * {r + q) ] ]
What is the value of s.top() in the return statement?

A) empty
B) [
C) ]
D) {

Question 12

Within the standard library a stack can be implemented using a vector, list, or __________ as a component to hold the contents of the stack.

Question 13

The stack is said to be a(n) __________ class because it adapts the functions available in another class to the interface its clients expect by giving different names to essentially the same operations.

Question 14

It is easier to insert and remove from the middle of a linked list.

Question 15

The C++ standard requires that implementations of sequential containers provide push_back, pop_back, and back operations in (amortized) constant time.

Question 16

Normally we write expressions using __________ notation, in which binary operators (*, +, and so forth) are inserted between their operands.

Question 17

A calculator (or computer) normally scans an expression string from right to left.

Question 18

The advantage of the __________ form is that there is no need to group subexpressions in parentheses or even to consider operator precedence.

A) infix
B) suffix
C) postfix
D) adfix

Question 19

In a(n) __________expression the operands precede the operators.

Question 20

The __________ function (member of the istream class) is used to "unread" a single character.

Question 21

According to the __________ rule, operators with the same precedence are evaluated in left-to-right order.

Question 22

Using the algorithm for converting an infix expression to a postfix expression, how is
(14 + 5) - 8 * 4 / 2
Represented in postfix form?

A) 14 5 8 4 2 + - * /
B) 14 5 + 8 4 * 2 / -
C) 14 5 + 8 * / 2 -
D) 14 5 8 + - 2 * /

Question 23

The action of using function top to access an item at the top of the stack, without removing it, is sometimes called __________ the stack.

A) peeking
B) skimming
C) popping
D) peeling

Question 24

__________ are used to separate an expression into subexpressions.

A) Tokens
B) Operators
C) Operands
D) Parentheses