Deck 1: Studying Gender: an Overview

Question 1

The difference between sex and gender is that the

A) former is biologically determined, whereas the latter is socially constructed.
B) former refers to masculinity and femininity, whereas the latter refers to a set of genetically determined traits.
C) former is socially constructed, whereas the latter is biologically created.
D) none of the above; there is no difference between sex and gender

Answer 1

former is biologically determined, whereas the latter is socially constructed.

Question 2

The structural functionalist perspective is problematic because it neglects the

A) structural causes of gender inequality.
B) fact that gender is amenable to change.
C) consequences of gender inequality in society.
D) all of the above

Answer 2

all of the above

Question 3

A sex/gender system in which men dominate women and that which is masculine is more highly valued than that which is considered feminine is called a

A) matriarchy.
B) masculine system.
C) patriarchy.
D) divine right of males.

Answer 3

patriarchy.

Question 4

A paradigm is

A) the social construction of gender categories.
B) a school of thought that provides a framework for a scientist.
C) objective standards used to judge scientific findings.
D) a universal view of scientific phenomena.

Question 5

A structural functionalist maintains that

A) rapid social change is desirable.
B) women can function in the work world as well as they can in domestic roles.
C) biological differences have led to differing gender roles.
D) all of the above

Question 6

The ability to impose one's will on others is defined in your text as

A) ethnocentrism.
B) sexism.
C) power.
D) functionalism.

Question 7

A paradigm revolution occurs when

A) a paradigm can no longer adequately explain social conditions or problems.
B) new paradigms emerge from turmoil.
C) the dominant paradigm is rejected in favor of a competing paradigm.
D) all of the above

Question 8

The feminist perspective maintains that

A) consequences of gender inequality are identical for all groups of men and women.
B) gender is socially created.
C) socialization plays no role in gender acquisition.
D) nature is unimportant in the acquisition of gender.

Question 9

In her review of sociological literature, Lyn Lofland found that

A) women have different goals and ambitions than men do.
B) men's speech patterns are accepted as normative while women's are viewed as deficient.
C) urban sociologists focused on settings which were male dominated.
D) all of the above

Question 10

Feminist researchers

A) focus on the experiences of women to the exclusion of those of men.
B) often use research methods that allow subjects self-expression.
C) strive to take a holistic view of how women and men encounter different opportunities because of their different location in the social structure.
D) both B and C above

Question 11

Feminist researchers reject

A) the notion of a value-free science.
B) scientific standards in research.
C) the inclusion of value judgments in scientific research.
D) the role of subjectivity in empirical research.

Question 12

From the feminist perspective, the consequences of sexism

A) are identical for all groups of women and men.
B) impact only on women.
C) are made worse by other forms of oppression, including classism, racism, and heterosexism.
D) are not as bad as they used to be, thanks to the efforts of the women's movement.

Question 13

A feminist consciousness is recognition by women that

A) they are treated unequally as a group.
B) through collective action, the inequitable social structure can be changed.
C) their subordination is socially created.
D) all of the above

Question 14

The following contributed to the emergence of the nineteenth-century British and Western European feminism:

A) the French Revolution
B) the rise of liberalism
C) women's inactivity during the Revolution
D) a and b

Question 15

Early feminists in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were involved in the following political and social reforms:

A) public health
B) moral uplift
C) abolition
D) all of the above

Question 16

These three interrelated levels of society form society's gender structure:

A) institutional, cultural, interpersonal
B) family, church and education
C) economy, government and interpersonal
D) none of the above

Question 17

The term "gender"
is a biological term meaning either male or female.

Question 18

Sex/gender systems vary cross-culturally.

Question 19

Patriarchy is not a universal system.

Question 20

Sociology is a science with one paradigm.

Question 21

Feminist sociology represents a paradigm revolution.

Question 22

Feminism sociologists focus exclusively on the problems of women in society.

Question 23

Black women were systematically excluded from most White suffrage organizations.

Question 24

Betty Friedan's book, The Feminist Mystique, was considered a major factor in the resurgence of feminism in the 1960s.

Question 25

For women in underdeveloped countries, reproductive freedom refers to the right to terminate unwanted pregnancies.

Question 26

Gender has been fully mainstreamed into sociology courses.

Question 27

Black third-wave feminists exclude men from their fight against racism, AIDS, and poverty.

Question 28

During the late 1800s, women began publicly calling for equal rights with men.

Question 29

Define the term "patriarchy."
What is its relationship to gender?

Question 30

Why is the feminism paradigm important for an understanding of gender acquisition?

Question 31

Feminist social scientists have been critical of traditional research on gender. Specifically what are their criticisms? Identify and explain each of them.

Question 32

Compare and contrast the feminist and structural functionalist perspectives. Discuss their positions on the biological influences of gender.

Question 33

Choose either the first or second wave of feminism and discuss its origins, influential people, and any critical events.

Question 34

Discuss the three major categories of feminist theory developed by Judith Lorber.

Question 35

Discuss the future of feminism. Specify the role of young women and women of color and their contribution to the field.

Question 36

Choose two first-wave feminists to profile. How did they each contribute to the historical feminist movement?

Question 37

Discuss the interrelated levels of society that forms the gender structure and the three consequences of such a structure.Chapter 2 Biology, Sex, and Gender: The Interaction of Nature and Environment