Deck 7: Art and Play

Question 1

The reason that art experiences are being reduced in early learning programs is because:

A) They no longer serve a purpose in the child's development
B) There isn't the financial resources to purchase the materials
C) Society wants more emphasis on focused academic preparation
D) Children would prefer to engage in other experience centres

Answer 1

Society wants more emphasis on focused academic preparation

Question 2

According to Lowenfeld and Brittain, art is primarily:

A) A structured hands-on and tangible experience
B) Meaningful communication with self
C) An academic activity
D) An expansion of the child's community

Answer 2

Meaningful communication with self

Question 3

John Dewey identified that art is a way for children to:

A) Figure out who they are and bring meaning to their world
B) Increase their academic performance
C) Acquire specific art skills through dictated art learning opportunities
D) Exhibit their talents to their parents and teachers

Answer 3

Figure out who they are and bring meaning to their world

Question 4

The purpose of Froebel's "Occupation" gifts were to support the child in exploring:

A) Colours
B) Solids, surfaces, lines, and points
C) Language development
D) Physical development

Question 5

Steiner identified that children require creative play experiences that:

A) Meet the needs of the topic or theme of the week
B) Can be implemented as a group activity
C) Have the children use their imaginations through the use of open-ended materials
D) Are based on the seasons

Question 6

Which theorist identified that children co-construct knowledge in relation to other children and adults?

A) Frederick Froebel
B) John Dewey
C) Loris Malaguzzi
D) Rudolf Steiner

Question 7

Reggio Emilia preprimary schools emphasize the importance of art by ensuring that:

A) A teacher sets out specific art material for the children to use daily
B) A model for the children to follow is available
C) There is an atelier adjacent to each classroom and an atelierista to support the children
D) The art projects are taken home daily

Question 8

Reggio-inspired programs highlight the importance of a "third teacher." This means that the:

A) Staff ratio is calculated and then an additional teacher above the requirements is added to each classroom
B) Open-ended art experiences teach children new skills
C) Environment is seen as a "third teacher"
D) Child him/herself is their best teacher

Question 9

Children gain a sense of success from open-ended experiences and materials because:

A) They influence how they express their own thoughts and ideas of how things look to them in their world
B) They provide the structure children need to produce a defined product
C) There is only one way to do something or produce a specific product
D) The early learning practitioners guide them in the production of the preferred creation

Question 10

When children work in specific sequences and have specific rules about space and location of elements in their drawing, this is known as using a:

A) Cause and effect process
B) Problem-solving process
C) Trial and error process
D) Modeling process

Question 11

Principles of design include:

A) Rhythm, movement, balance, and proportion
B) Colour and shape
C) Spatial concepts
D) Space and form

Question 12

Art contributes to children developing pro-social skills by:

A) Expanding their creativity
B) Knowing the concepts of mixing paint to make different colours
C) Knowing about other cultures
D) Sharing materials, taking turns, and interacting with other children

Question 13

Kostelnik and colleagues (2016) indicate that a child's self-concept has three dimensions. They are:

A) Ideas, perspectives, and skills
B) Appreciation, thoughts, and ideas
C) Beliefs, communication, and perspectives
D) Competence, worth, and control

Question 14

The stronger the child's sense of self-identify, the better the child develops skills in:

A) Painting
B) Cooperating in solving disputes over objects and solving simple problems
C) Making collages
D) Being able to use materials in unique ways

Question 15

Early learning practitioners support children in developing self-regulation in the creative area by:

A) Offering the children a model from which to work from
B) Having the same materials available daily for the children
C) Determining the art experience for the day
D) Encouraging children to share materials and to conserve materials, using only what they require to support their creative project.

Question 16

There are times when children "get stuck" at a particular juncture with their creations and creativity. The early learning practitioner's role is to:

A) Encourage the child to play in another experience centre for a few days
B) Provide a predetermined model for the child to follow
C) Offer assistance and guidance in the form of questioning or researching an idea with the child
D) Suggest the project be put away so the child does not feel distressed

Question 17

The sequence of the four stages of a child's scribbling are:

A) Disorder, longitudinal scribble, circular, and naming
B) Naming, longitudinal scribble, disorder, and circular
C) Disorder, circular, naming, and longitudinal
D) Longitudinal, naming, circular, and disorder

Question 18

During the preschematic stage of drawing children begin to draw:

A) Flowers with petals and stems
B) Cars with wheels with circles and lines
C) Abstract pieces
D) The human body with circles and lines

Question 19

During the schematic stage of drawing, children's drawings are referred to as:

A) Symbolic drawings
B) X-ray drawings
C) Abstract drawings
D) Humanistic drawings

Question 20

During the gang stage phase of children's art, their drawings:

A) Are abstract
B) Have an exaggeration between figures such as the human being taller than a house
C) Are expressed with more detail including have three-dimensional effects
D) Show little understanding of space concepts

Question 21

During the scribbling stage of clay development, children's creations exhibit:

A) Coils, snakes, and mud pies
B) Creations in standing positions
C) People sculptures which include necks, hair, and fingers
D) Facial features, patterns, and sexual characteristics

Question 22

During the preschematic stage of clay development, the children's creations exhibit:

A) Creations that have a head, eyes, mouth and limbs that are attached
B) Coils, snakes, and mud pies
C) Creations in standing positions
D) Facial features, patterns, and sexual characteristics

Question 23

During the schematic stage of clay development, the children's creations exhibit:

A) Coils, snakes, and mud pies
B) Creations in standing positions
C) People sculptures which include necks, hair, and fingers
D) Facial features, patterns, and sexual characteristics

Question 24

During the dawning realism phase of clay development, the children's creations exhibit:

A) Coils, snakes, and mud pies
B) Creations in standing positions
C) People sculptures which include necks, hair, and fingers
D) Facial features, patterns, and sexual characteristics

Question 25

According to Jenkins, dictated art leads children to:

A) Developing the creative skills to be able to produce specific objects such as a puppet
B) Understanding the importance of the process of exploring and creating
C) Losing their creativity and free-flow or independent thinking
D) Nurturing creativity

Question 26

Since the late twentieth century and during the first decade of the twenty-first century, art experiences have been replaced with activities that have an academic focus.

Question 27

Art is a new component that has been incorporated into early learning and child care programs.

Question 28

Children benefit most when the same art materials are always available to them.

Question 29

Art play has a pivotal role in a child's development.

Question 30

The most important material that contributes to a child's fine motor skills through art is play-dough.

Question 31

Froebel advocated for children to have a specific time during the day for their creative activities.

Question 32

Froebel identified creative experiences as the foundation for learning.

Question 33

In most Reggio inspired learning environments, the art work exhibited is primarily from famous artists.

Question 34

Steiner viewed the image of the child as a threefold-human being - body, soul, and spirit.

Question 35

Open-ended materials and experiences facilitate opportunities for the children to express their own thoughts and ideas of how things look to them.

Question 36

Art experiences primarily focus on a child's cognitive skills.

Question 37

Art experiences support children by introducing them to social and cultural constructs.

Question 38

It is unusual for children to have recurring themes in their art and their play.

Question 39

One of the key roles for early learning practitioners is to develop an art program that has a variety of pre-cut pieces, patterns and models for the children to use.

Question 40

Food products are part of the creative program because they offer children an authentic art experience.

Question 41

Describe why Dewey, Froebel, Waldorf, and Reggio advocate for art experiences in early learning programs.

Question 42

Outline why it is important for early learning practitioners to know and to recognize the stages of children's drawing and use of clay.

Question 43

Discuss seven early learning practitioner characteristics that benefit children in the arts.

Question 44

Discuss why children's art is more than a production of a product.

Question 45

Explain what is meant by art being a process.