Deck 10: Anxiety, Phobia, and Conscious Sedation

Question 1

Anxiety may cause which of the following?

A) An unpleasant state of tension
B) A feeling of impending danger.
C) Respiratory depression
D) a and b
E) a, b, and c

Answer 1

a and b

Question 2

Panic disorder displays which of the following?

A) Occurs as a sudden, unexpected, intense attack of apprehension
B) Sometimes accompanied by physical symptoms such as agitation
C) Sometimes accompanied by tachycardia, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, and shortness of breath.
D) There is a general feeling of impending doom even though the danger is not real.
E) All of the above

Answer 2

All of the above

Question 3

Phobia is which of the following?

A) A psychological condition that consists of irrational fear
B) Acute respiratory depression
C) Cardiac arrest associated with the injection of meperidine
D) A rare adverse reaction secondary to IV contrast dye
E) All of the above

Answer 3

A psychological condition that consists of irrational fear

Question 4

Investigators found that anxiety was precipitated by two major sources when patients were placed through an MRI machine. These included which of the following?

A) Physical conditions of the MRI
B) Inability to breathe
C) Emotional turmoil
D) All of the above
E) a and c

Question 5

The following can become stressful when patients are submitted to an MRI exam.

A) Noise of "metal being crunched"
B) Fear of what the MRI might show
C) Fear of tight spaces
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 6

A basic physiologic response that can be seen in the anxious and agitated patient may include which of the following?

A) Decreased pain threshold
B) Tachycardia, chest pain
C) Palpitations, acute myocardial infarction
D) Tachypnea, dyspnea, muscular weakness
E) All of the above

Question 7

A drug-induced relaxation allowing the patient to tolerate unpleasant procedures is known as:

A) respiratory depression.
B) acute anxiety.
C) claustrophobia.
D) conscious sedation.
E) anesthesia.

Question 8

The loss of memory around the time of a procedure is what type of event?

A) Cardiac arrest
B) Respiratory arrest
C) Conscious sedation
D) Amnesia
E) Anesthesia

Question 9

When conscious sedation is performed, the following generally occurs.

A) The patient remains conscious, but sedated.
B) The patient may suffer amnesia.
C) The patient remains cooperative.
D) The patient is capable of following verbal commands.
E) All of the above

Question 10

If sedative agents are administered in too high a dose, the following may occur.

A) Death
B) General anesthesia
C) Respiratory arrest
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following should be performed before considering conscious sedation?

A) Obtain an accurate history, physical, height, and weight.
B) Assess heart/lungs and document airway patency.
C) Acquire a list of all medications including over-the-counter drugs, herbal medications, alcohol, and illicit drugs.
D) List all known allergies to food and medication.
E) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following is (are) frequently used for conscious sedation?

A) Barbiturates
B) Benzodiazepines
C) Beta-blockers
D) Epinephrine
E) Both a and b

Question 13

When one combines an opioid with a benzodiazepine, what type of effect can each drug have upon the other drug's action?

A) Antagonistic in that one will cancel the other
B) No effect because they both act completely differently
C) Synergistic in that one may markedly enhance the effects of the other
D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 14

Which of the following agents can be used to reverse the adverse respiratory effects of morphine?

A) Flumazenil
B) Meperidine
C) Midazolam
D) Naloxone
E) Epinephrine

Question 15

Methohexital is an example of which class of drug?

A) Barbiturate
B) Benzodiazepine
C) Opioid analgesic
D) Beta-blocker
E) Sympathomimetic

Question 16

Which of the following can cause hiccups as a side effect?

A) Meperidine
B) Morphine
C) Midazolam
D) Naloxone
E) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following is dosed at 0.08 mg/kg in adults?

A) Morphine
B) Midazolam
C) Meperidine
D) Naloxone
E) Flumazenil

Question 18

Which of the following can cause histamine release as a common adverse effect?

A) Midazolam
B) Morphine
C) Methohexital
D) Phenobarbital
E) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is (are) essential to have access to before inducing conscious sedation in a patient?

A) Crash cart
B) Oxygen
C) Naloxone
D) Both a and b
E) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following drugs should be given to patients in the event that they suffer acute respiratory depression after injecting midazolam?

A) Naloxone
B) Meperidine
C) Fentanyl
D) Flumazenil
E) Methohexital