Deck 13: Pediatric and Geriatric Procedures

Question 1

Which of the following sites is recommended to collect capillary blood gases on a newborn?

A) lateral posterior area of the heel
B) lateral anterior area of the elbow
C) the great toe
D) the ball of the finger

Answer 1

lateral posterior area of the heel

Question 2

Which of the following is the specimen of choice for testing the pH, pO₂, and pCO₂ of the blood?

A) arterial blood
B) venous blood
C) heparinized plasma
D) skin puncture blood

Answer 2

arterial blood

Question 3

EMLA, sometimes used for pediatric venipuncture procedures, is a:

A) local anesthetic applied with a small needle to the child's arm before venipuncture
B) topical anesthetic applied to the child's arm before venipuncture
C) topical lotion applied to the child's arm after venipuncture to stop bleeding at the venipuncture site
D) topical lotion applied to the child's arm before venipuncture to assist the phlebotomist in finding a vein

Answer 3

topical anesthetic applied to the child's arm before venipuncture

Question 4

The best location for performing venipuncture on a hospitalized 7-year-old is:

A) in a hospital playroom especially designed for children
B) at the child's bedside or in a chair in the child's hospital room
C) in a treatment room
D) in his or her bed

Question 5

The optimal depth of a fingerstick in a child is:

A) greater than 2.4 mm
B) less than 0.5 mm
C) less than 0.24 mm
D) less than 2.0 m

Question 6

Physical frailties that may affect elderly individuals include:

A) loss of taste, smell, and feeling
B) memory loss about taking medications
C) susceptibility to hypothermia
D) all of the above

Question 7

Specimen collection in a patient's home may involve unusual positioning of the patient. What is the preferred position or location from which to collect a blood specimen from a homebound patient?

A) in the bathroom of the patient's home
B) seated next to the kitchen table
C) in a comfortable, reclining position
D) all of the above

Question 8

Transportation requirements for specimens collected from homebound patients include:

A) leakproof containers
B) timing efficiency in returning to the laboratory
C) cooling or heating accommodations
D) all of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is an acceptable alternative to handwashing prior to phlebotomy procedures?

A) wearing gloves
B) using extremely diluted bleach
C) foam or cream disinfectants
D) none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is a debilitating disease causing tremors, particularly in elderly individuals?

A) Parkinson's disease
B) anemia
C) Alzheimer's disease
D) diabetes mellitus

Question 11

Which of the following is an emotional factor associated with the aging process?

A) anemia
B) depression
C) diabetes
D) cystic fibrosis

Question 12

Extra supplies and equipment are needed by home health care workers who collect specimens from homebound patients that are not necessary for workers in a hospital. These include:

A) biohazard container
B) hand disinfectant
C) map and wireless phone
D) all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following is a complication that can result from multiple deep heelsticks on an infant?

A) HIV infection
B) hepatitis A
C) osteomyelitis
D) pneumonia

Question 14

Which of the following is a commonly inherited disease that is detectable through a newborn screening process in neonates?

A) sickle cell disease
B) spina bifida
C) neurogenic bladder abnormality
D) anemia

Question 15

The angle of the needle for scalp vein venipuncture of an infant should be:

A) 45 degrees
B) 30 degrees
C) 20 degrees
D) 15 degrees

Question 16

After the blood collected from a heelstick is placed on the neonatal screening card, the card must dry in a horizontal position for a minimum of:

A) 1 hour
B) 2 hours
C) 3 hours
D) 4 hours

Question 17

When a skin puncture is performed on an infant, which of the following specimens is collected first?

A) chemistry specimens
B) hematology specimens
C) clinical immunology specimens
D) blood bank specimens

Question 18

Which of the following is needed for blood collection by skin puncture on an infant?

A) Eclipse safety needle
B) red-topped evacuated blood collection tube
C) Seraket tourniquet
D) puncture-resistant sharps container

Question 19

Blood spot testing for neonatal screening disorders should be performed before the newborn is:

A) 12 hours old
B) 24 hours old
C) 48 hours old
D) 72 hours old

Question 20

Which of the following is an acceptable intervention to alleviate pain during venipuncture on a 5-year-old child?

A) xylocaine
B) ice pack
C) EMLA
D) sucrose nipple

Question 21

Which of the following disorders can be detected through neonatal screening?

A) cystic fibrosis
B) Parkinson's disease
C) diabetes mellitus
D) polycythemia

Question 22

Which of the following equipment is necessary for newborn screening blood collection?

A) 2 mL lavender-topped vacuum tube
B) blood pressure cuff
C) disposable gloves
D) safety holder/needle device

Question 23

Which of the following gauge sizes should be used for the infant scalp venipuncture?

A) 19 gauge
B) 21 gauge
C) 23 gauge
D) 25 gauge

Question 24

Which of the following is true of congenital hypothyroidism?

A) screened for through the neonatal screening blood collection procedure
B) another term for Parkinson's disease
C) screened for through the capillary blood gas test
D) another term for HIV

Question 25

Cystic fibrosis is detected by the capillary blood gas test.

Question 26

A minute metal filing and magnet are necessary for the capillary blood gas procedure.

Question 27

EMLA is a topical anesthetic used after venipuncture in children.

Question 28

Sucrose is effective in reducing pain and crying time during a blood collection procedure for an infant.

Question 29

The EMLA application can provide anesthesia for 45 minutes to 3 hours.

Question 30

A 10 mL blood sample collected from a newborn is equivalent to 5-10 percent of the infant's total blood volume.

Question 31

An incision for a heelstick on an infant should not go deeper than 3.0 mm.

Question 32

Parkinson's disease often occurs in elderly individuals.

Question 33

A physical problem common in elderly individuals is loss of feeling.

Question 34

The central area of the infant's heel is the best site for a heelstick blood collection.

Question 35

For children older than ________ year, a fingerstick is appropriate for blood collection.

Question 36

If an incision for a heelstick goes deeper than ________ mm in a newborn, it can lead to osteomyelitis.

Question 37

________ blood is the specimen of choice for blood gas testing.

Question 38

A common interference(s) in newborn screening collections occurs when blood specimens are not dried for ________ hours before mailing.

Question 39

Children with spina bifida are particularly sensitive to ________.

Question 40

Use of a ________ over a skin puncture site is not recommended for children less than 2 years old.

Question 41

In the hospital, it is best to perform a blood collection procedure on a child in a ________ room.

Question 42

The horizontal position to immobilize a child is also referred to as the ________ position.

Question 43

Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics is also called ________.

Question 44

For the newborn screening blood collection procedure, only ________ side of the filter paper should be used.

Question 45

Describe at least four interference(s) that can occur in newborn screening collections.

Question 46

List the blood collection equipment needed for newborn screening.