Deck 6: Medical Terminology Anatomy and Physiology of Organ Systems

Question 1

Tuberculosis is generally considered a disease of which of the following body systems?

A) respiratory
B) digestive
C) endocrine
D) lymphatic

Answer 1

respiratory

Question 2

How many times per minute does the average person inhale and exhale?

A) 5
B) 15
C) 50
D) 100

Answer 2

15

Question 3

Protection is the primary function of which of the following systems?

A) cardiovascular
B) integumentary
C) urinary
D) muscular

Answer 3

integumentary

Question 4

The term ventral refers to which part of the body?

A) back
B) shoulder
C) side
D) front

Question 5

If a normal person breathes in, the oxygen travels through air passages to the lungs. Which of the following takes place?

A) Oxygen (O₂) is exchanged for carbon dioxide (CO₂).
B) The heart beats faster.
C) The lungs can fill with fluid.
D) The pulse rate changes.

Question 6

Which structure governs the functions of the individual cell, such as growth, repair, reproduction, and metabolism?

A) membrane
B) cytoplasm
C) lysosome
D) nucleus

Question 7

How many lobes do normal human lungs have?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5

Question 8

After oxygen crosses the respiratory membranes (in the lung) into the blood, about 97% of it combines with:

A) hemoglobin
B) carbon dioxide
C) hypochloride
D) carbaminohemoglobin

Question 9

As CO₂ levels increase in the blood, the blood pH:

A) decreases (becomes more acidic)
B) increases (becomes less acidic)
C) stays the same
D) increases for the first few minutes, then drops to normal

Question 10

An XX pair of chromosomes means that the fetus will be a:

A) baby boy
B) baby girl
C) brown-haired child
D) blue-eyed child

Question 11

A test request for O & P refers to:

A) chromosome analysis
B) an evaluation for parasites
C) oxygen and pH
D) occult blood and pathogens

Question 12

An XY pair of chromosomes means that the fetus will be a:

A) baby boy
B) baby girl
C) brown-haired child
D) fraternal twin

Question 13

When a person breathes out, which of the following normally takes place?

A) O₂ is exchanged for CO₂.
B) The heart beats faster.
C) CO₂ is expelled.
D) The pulse rate changes.

Question 14

ESRD is caused by glomerulonephritis, tubular diseases, hypertension, and other conditions. What does the abbreviation ESRD stand for?

A) end-stage renal disease
B) erythrocyte sedimentation rate for diagnosis
C) estrogen stimulation
D) extra-sensitive rapid detection

Question 15

Which of the following is produced in the adrenal glands, the glands that cause emotions such as fear and anger?

A) glucose
B) hormones
C) cholesterol
D) electrolytes

Question 16

Which of the following controls skin pigmentation?

A) melanin
B) hemoglobin
C) glucose
D) vitamin D

Question 17

Dermatitis is an inflammation of the:

A) nails and hair
B) forearm
C) dermal layers of skin
D) superficial muscles of the arm

Question 18

The periosteum does which of the following?

A) transports oxygen into the muscles
B) contains blood vessels to transport blood from inside the bone to outer layers
C) cordlike structure that attaches to muscles
D) causes rigidity in the bones

Question 19

Osteoarthritis, bursitis, and gout are conditions of which body system?

A) muscular
B) lymphatic
C) integumentary
D) skeletal

Question 20

Muscular dystrophy is a condition characterized by:

A) inflammation of the tendons
B) a viral infection
C) gradual wasting/weakened muscles
D) excessive lactic acid production

Question 21

Specialized cells of the nervous system are:

A) striated
B) neurons
C) tendons
D) islet cells

Question 22

Protective layers around the brain and spinal cord that contain spinal fluid are called:

A) motor neurons
B) fluid coverings
C) meninges
D) vertebrae

Question 23

The vertebral canal has several regions called:

A) anterior, posterior, dorsal
B) upper, middle, lower
C) superior, inferior
D) cervical, thoracic, lumbar

Question 24

A degenerative disorder of the nervous system that is characterized by hand tremors, loss of facial expression, and a shuffling walk is called:

A) epilepsy
B) neuralgia
C) hydrocephaly
D) Parkinson's disease

Question 25

The "tail" of a sperm cell that enables it to move toward the ovum is the:

A) flagellum
B) cilia
C) hair tubule
D) vesicle

Question 26

The body cavity that houses the lungs is called the:

A) abdominal cavity
B) thoracic cavity
C) pericardial cavity
D) cranial cavity

Question 27

STD is the acronym for sexually transmitted disease.

Question 28

Joints are the connective tissue that holds bones together.

Question 29

The female pelvis is deeper and narrower than the male pelvis.

Question 30

Physiology is the study of bodily structures.

Question 31

The term endocarditis refers to an inflammation of the endocrine glands.

Question 32

Scoliosis is a curvature of the lower limbs.

Question 33

Malignant melanoma is a skin cancer.

Question 34

The function of saliva is to begin the enzymatic breakdown of carbohydrates.

Question 35

The 46 chromosomes in the DNA blueprint of every individual is called the genome.

Question 36

Inflammation of the liver due to a virus is called ________.

Question 37

The "master gland" is the ________ gland.

Question 38

The wave-like contractions in the intestines are called ________.

Question 39

Exocrine glands secrete ________ such as saliva, sweat, and mucus.

Question 40

GTT stands for ________.

Question 41

COPD refers to ________.

Question 42

A bacterium that causes ulcers and other complications of the stomach and small intestines is ________.

Question 43

A common painful disorder whereby the bile duct is blocked is referred to as ________.

Question 44

Skeletal muscles are attached to ________.

Question 45

Review the respiratory system by characterizing the major functions, common disorders, and common laboratory tests.

Question 46

Review the urinary system by characterizing the major functions, common disorders, and common laboratory tests.