Deck 14: Therapy

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a talk-oriented approach to therapy?

A) psychoanalytical
B) cognitive
C) behavioral
D) humanistic

Answer 1

behavioral

Question 2

Having a patient recline on the couch with only the ceiling to look at, is believed to encourage ________________.

A) catharsis
B) countertransference
C) transference
D) free association

Answer 2

free association

Question 3

Hardy reported a dream in which he was riding as a passenger in the back seat of a driverless car, which he experienced as extremely frightening. His psychoanalyst suggested that Hardy might be feeling that neither he nor anyone else is taking charge of his life. This process would BEST be described as _____, in which the therapist's interpretation was meant to uncover _____.

A) transference; Hardy's problems with authority
B) countertransference; the manifest meaning in Hardy's real life
C) dream analysis; unacceptable, unconscious feelings in Hardy's psyche
D) free association; the latent content of Hardy's dream

Answer 3

dream analysis; unacceptable, unconscious feelings in Hardy's psyche

Question 4

Interpretation in psychoanalysis _____.

A) is the analyst's explanations of a patient's free associations, dreams, resistance, and transference
B) is the analyst's judgment of the patient's failure to find a cathartic breakthrough
C) can occur at any time to be effective or useful
D) is the patient's presentation of the analyst's problems in a new light or manner

Question 5

A seemingly valid criticism of psychoanalysis is that it _____.

A) cannot be scientifically validated
B) is too expensive and time consuming for nearly everyone
C) does not really work
D) only works with young, attractive, verbal, intelligent, and successful (YAVIS) clients

Question 6

This form of modern psychotherapy emphasizes internal conflicts, motives, and unconscious forces:

A) humanistic therapy.
B) psychodynamic therapy.
C) eclectic therapy.
D) psycholosis therapy.

Question 7

In Rogerian therapy, the role of the therapist is to _____.

A) provide a quiet, private, structured atmosphere for the exploration of symptoms
B) agree with the client to allow improved congruence between the client's self-concept and environmental experiences
C) provide an accepting environment and encouraging healthy emotional experiences
D) unconditionally love his or her patients

Question 8

A client tells her therapist that she has a great fear of flying. Her therapist responds," Me too. I don't like flying in planes, especially when there is a lot of turbulence." This is an example of _________________.

A) active listening
B) unconditional positive regard
C) genuineness
D) empathy

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a belief shared by both psychoanalysts and cognitive therapists?

A) Altering destructive thoughts can improve a person's effectiveness in life.
B) Many thoughts and beliefs that create problems are unexamined by patients.
C) An exploration of thoughts and beliefs can lead to important insights.
D) Behavior changes are the result of insight and catharsis.

Question 10

Whereas psychoanalysis focuses on ______________, cognitive psychology focuses on _________________.

A) childhood family relationships; relationships both inside and outside the family
B) relationships both inside and outside the family; childhood family relationships
C) negative self-talk; the unconscious
D) negative self-talk; childhood family relationships

Question 11

Ellis's therapy emphasizes ________ irrational beliefs, which cause changes in maladaptive emotions.

A) identifying
B) uncovering
C) disputing
D) revealing

Question 12

_____ reflects Ellis's most recent inclusion in his theory of cognitive therapy.

A) Rational Event-related Action Learning (REAL)
B) Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
C) Directed-Emotional-Behavioral Therapy (DEBT)
D) Behavior-Management Therapy (BMT)

Question 13

Dysfunctional thought records are an important part of _____.

A) Beck's CBT
B) Ellis's rational-emotive behavior therapy
C) Freud's psychoanalysis
D) Rogers's humanistic therapy

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of aversion therapy?

A) It may be unethical to hurt someone, even with his or her permission.
B) It does not provide lasting effects.
C) The aversion can generalize to other behaviors or situations that may be maladaptive.
D) Aversion does not generalize to those suffering from alcoholism.

Question 15

What would a behavior therapist tell a snake-phobic client using systematic desensitization to do if he or she were to begin experiencing anxiety while visualizing a snake through the window?

A) Continue the process by increasing his coping thoughts.
B) Continue the process by decreasing his distress-maintaining thoughts.
C) Repeat his relaxation technique until his anxiety diminishes.
D) Stop the visualization for the rest of this session.

Question 16

_________________ is a middle ground between physically confronting an object that is feared and imagining that object.

A) Systematic desensitization
B) Virtual reality
C) Progressive muscle relaxation
D) Aversion therapy

Question 17

Dr. Novak is working with Hal, who is very shy. As Hal practices meeting and conversing with imaginary people during his therapy session, Dr. Novak provides feedback and rewards him for each behavior that would meet with approval in a real social setting. What's happening here?

A) Dr. Novak and Hal are role playing.
B) Dr. Novak and Hal are engaging in cognitive rehearsal.
C) Dr. Novak is shaping Hal's biological behavior.
D) Dr. Novak is engaging in a form of play therapy with Hal.

Question 18

A token is a(n) _____ that is used to shape desirable behaviors in people in inpatient treatment facilities.

A) primary reinforcer
B) secondary reinforcer
C) monetary reward
D) intangible reward

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a problem with drug therapy?

A) Psychologists currently overprescribe drugs.
B) Some patients show only modest improvement.
C) Patients may be harmed by overdoses or by suddenly stopping a drug.
D) Patients may be become tolerant or physically dependent on some psychotropic drugs.

Question 20

Which of the following is a potential problem with biomedical treatments?

A) physical dependence
B) drug side effects
C) alleviation of symptoms provided, but not a cure
D) all of the above

Question 21

Roughly __________ %of individuals are prescribed antidepressants when walking into a psychiatrist's office.

A) 25
B) 50
C) 10
D) 5

Question 22

Research suggests that _____ % of people who receive psychotherapy are better off than people who do not.

A) 10-20
B) 30-50
C) 40-90
D) 75-95

Question 23

Short-term therapies are __________ longer-term therapies.

A) more effective than
B) less effective than
C) just as effective as
D) They are minimally effective.

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT an example of a self-help group?

A) NA (Narcotics Anonymous)
B) AA (Alcoholics Anonymous)
C) SA (Spenders Anonymous)
D) ACLU (American Civil Liberties Union)

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT listed by your textbook author as a benefit of group therapy?

A) It is less expensive.
B) Members can role-play social interactions.
C) Members gain a sense of community when they get together and complain about the same problems.
D) Members can share a variety of insights and coping strategies that may help them with their problems.

Question 26

Studies show that 70% of individuals in nursing homes that are chronically ill are ____________.

A) men who suffer from Alzheimer's disease
B) elderly women who suffer from age-related dementia
C) elderly women who suffer from schizophrenia
D) elderly men who suffer from brain damage associated with stroke

Question 27

Define psychoanalysis, and describe the five major methods used in this type of therapy.

Question 28

Define cognitive therapy and contrast Ellis's rational-emotive behavior therapy with Beck's cognitive-behavior therapy.

Question 29

State the basic assumption underlying humanistic therapies. Briefly describe the four qualities of client-therapist communication advocated by Rogers.

Question 30

Define group therapies and describe three advantages of this kind of therapy. Differentiate between group therapy, self-help groups, and family therapy, and provide examples of the latter two therapies.

Question 31

Define behavior therapy, then describe and illustrate how classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning are used to increase adaptive behaviors and decrease maladaptive ones.

Question 32

Describe criticisms and successes for each of the following types of therapies: psychoanalytic, cognitive, humanistic, and behavioral. State the overall effectiveness of therapy. If you were to want or need therapy, discuss why you would choose one type over other types of therapy.

Question 33

Describe the use of drug therapy (antianxiety, antipsychotic, antidepressant, and mood-stabilizing drugs), electroconvulsive therapy (basic procedure), and psychosurgery (basic procedure) in treating psychiatric disorders. Include limitations for each method.

Question 34

Define biomedical therapy, psychotherapy, and the eclectic approach to therapy, describe the five goals of therapy, and state which approaches to therapy focus on each of these goals.

Question 35

Describe the six culturally universal characteristics of therapy, and discuss the differences in therapy found in individualist versus collectivist cultures.

Question 36

Describe five concerns that impact the mental health of women, stating why each increases a woman's potential need for psychiatric treatment.