Deck 10: Change and Political Development

Question 1

Which of the following scholars argued that development will occur in six stages?

A) Karl Marx
B) Barrington Moore
C) Samuel Huntington
D) None of the above
E) A, B, and C

Answer 1

Karl Marx

Question 2

Cambodia under Pol Pot is an example of

A) political institutionalization.
B) system transformation.
C) a core state.
D) a NIC.
E) statism.

Answer 2

system transformation.

Question 3

The dependency approach does NOT assume that

A) development will occur more slowly in many developing countries than in the developed countries.
B) the developing countries are exploited by the developed countries.
C) rapid development is undesirable in most developing countries.
D) underdevelopment is a direct result of the activities of multinational corporations.
E) the disparities in wealth between core states and peripheral states are growing.

Answer 3

rapid development is undesirable in most developing countries.

Question 4

According to Alex Inkeles and his colleagues, which of these general attitudinal traits is NOT associated with a modern person?

A) Openness to new experiences.
B) A shift in allegiance from institutions to personal authority figures.
C) A greater interest in local politics and community affairs.
D) A desire for social mobility.
E) A belief in the value of planning.

Question 5

"Seek ye first the political kingdom…" is a statement associated with

A) Kemal Atatürk.
B) Deng Xiaoping.
C) King Sihanouk.
D) Mao Zedong.
E) Kwame Nkrumah.

Question 6

South Korea and Taiwan are classified as

A) countries on the periphery.
B) core states.
C) newly industrializing countries.
D) neocolonial states.
E) failed states.

Question 7

Which of the following is a NOT an important characteristic of a highly developed political system?

A) Power centralized in the state
B) Specialized political structures
C) Extensive state capabilities
D) Citizens support of political processes
E) A large military

Question 8

The central theme of the example of Turkey since 1922 in Focus in 10 is that

A) a leader committed to modernization must create a stable democracy.
B) economic development is the crucial force producing modernization.
C) strong political leadership can be the driving force in the modernization process.
D) major political change is not possible in an Islamic society.
E) democracy is a necessary condition for economic development.

Question 9

When political structures gain stability, greater capabilities and citizen support, which of the following has taken place?

A) Political mobilization
B) Political institutionalization
C) Social mobilization
D) Democratization
E) Modernization

Question 10

Political decay is most likely when

A) political parties lack clear policy goals
B) the political system limits individual rights.
C) political institutions fail to withstand pressure caused by increasing political participation and demands.
D) multinational corporations are essential to economic development.
E) voter turnout suddenly drops.

Question 11

Which of the following is the most likely outcome in cases of serious political decay?

A) The military intervenes in politics to restore order
B) The government is forced to hold an election
C) The government requests economic aid from a foreign government
D) War is declared against a neighboring country
E) Membership in political parties declines

Question 12

The change in ideology after Mao Zedong's era in China is dramatically captured in Deng Xiaoping's phrase,

A) "power to the people."
B) "to get rich is glorious."
C) "the actual ruler is unavoidably the bureaucracy."
D) "seek ye first the political kingdom."
E) "first change what is in their hearts."

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT among the prominent features of the developmental state strategy employed by many newly industrializing countries?

A) Import-oriented development
B) Encouraging domestic food production
C) Targeting market niches
D) Export-oriented development
E) State policies to protect firms against imported goods.

Question 14

If the idea of "waves of democracy" is correct, the proportion of democratic countries will

A) sometimes increase and sometimes decline.
B) stabilize.
C) increase slowly.
D) increase rapidly.
E) decline.

Question 15

According to the dependency approach, the actors on the periphery are important suppliers of which resources?

A) Manufactured goods
B) Capital
C) Raw materials
D) Technology
E) Skilled labor

Question 16

In many of the more traditional countries, the dimension of development that causes the greatest concern to leaders who value stability is

A) organizational.
B) attitudinal.
C) technological.
D) political.
E) military.

Question 17

A core principal of neoliberalism as an approach to development is

A) the state must actively regulate the actions of most firms.
B) government support of the agrarian sector.
C) to maximize the economic freedom of firms.
D) support for liberal democracy.
E) to support large firms and constrain small firms.

Question 18

According to Samuel Huntington, how many waves of democratization have there been among modern states?

A) None
B) One
C) Three
D) Six
E) Many

Question 19

The dimension of development that deals with cognitive, affective, and evaluative orientations is

A) organizational.
B) normative.
C) economic.
D) technological.
E) attitudinal.

Question 20

Marx proposed a stage taxonomy of development in which the initial stage is labeled

A) primitive communism.
B) the state of nature.
C) feudalism.
D) anarchy.
E) prehistoric.

Question 21

According to Alex Inkeles and his collegues, the general traits of the "modern" individual in a developing society do NOT include

A) openness to new experiences.
B) an interest in national news.
C) a shift toward political apathy.
D) a desire for social mobility.
E) a belief in the value of planning.

Question 22

In emphasizing the importance of culture in the processes of change, Max Weber

A) drew a linkage between the Protestant religion and the rise of capitalism.
B) analyzed the influence of families on political values.
C) studied the impact of modern technologies on values.
D) argued that the economic system had limited impacts on change.
E) established the connection between literature and development.

Question 23

One key explanatory factor that can account for the broad expansion of democracies since the 1970s is

A) the level of television ownership.
B) a substantial nonviolent "people power" movement.
C) a multiparty system.
D) high voter turnout.
E) an efficient bureaucracy.

Question 24

Turkey under Atatürk is an example of

A) political decay.
B) political development.
C) a core state.
D) a NIC.
E) statism.

Question 25

A political system that completely loses its capacity to maintain basic order can be characterized as

A) displaying political institutionalization.
B) suffering from dependency.
C) a failed state.
D) a peripheral state.
E) a premodern state.

Question 26

Describe and justify your choice of the most appropriate indicators of development? Do some indicators seem biased or inappropriate? Why?

Question 27

Compare neoliberalism, statism and the developmental state approach as three strategies to achieve economic development. How is each approach linked to a country's level of political development?

Question 28

Develop an argument either in support of or in opposition to Kwame Nkrumah's statement, "Seek ye first the political kingdom, and all else shall be added unto you."