Deck 6: Maintaining a Healthy Weight

Question 1

The condition called Syndrome X is a combination of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, ____________, and obesity.

A) osteoporosis
B) sleep apnea
C) hypertension
D) angina pectoris

Answer 1

hypertension

Question 2

People are considered obese when their body weight exceeds the recommended weight for their height by
______________ percent.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40

Answer 2

20

Question 3

People gain weight when they

A) eat high-fat foods.
B) snack between meals.
C) avoid strenuous physical activity.
D) consume more calories than they need.

Answer 3

consume more calories than they need.

Question 4

How are the terms overweight and obesity used differently?

A) People who are 1-19 percent above their desired weight are called overweight, while those 20 percent. or more above their desired weight are called obese.
B) All cases of above-desired weight are labeled overweight, while only the most extreme cases are considered obesity.
C) People are called overweight when their extra weight is in muscle, and obese when their extra weight is in fat.
D) Both terms mean the same thing.

Question 5

Sandy's desirable weight is 150 pounds, but she is now about 280. She would be classified as

A) overweight.
B) mildly obese.
C) morbidly obese.
D) severely obese.

Question 6

Sleep apnea is a condition in which there are periods of greatly restricted airflow during sleep resulting in

A) strain on the heart.
B) normal sleep patterns.
C) increased occurrences of nightmares.
D) inadequate REM sleep.

Question 7

The body mass index is

A) based on popular body images.
B) an age-graded obesity measure.
C) a height/weight index in metric units.
D) a method of measuring body composition.

Question 8

Ashley is 5'1" and weighs 135 pounds. According to the body mass index chart, she is considered

A) healthy.
B) overweight.
C) obese.
D) morbidly obese.

Question 9

Which of the following is TRUE regarding insurance company height/weight tables? They are

A) an excellent method for determining body composition.
B) an excellent method for determining obesity.
C) no longer considered the best way to determine whether body weight is acceptable.
D) a precise method for determining the amount of adipose tissue.

Question 10

WHR assessment procedure was developed

A) to accurately measure the proportions of lean tissue to fat tissue.
B) in response to the growing concern over the rate of obesity in the United States.
C) as a clinical marker for the treatment of obesity.
D) in response to the growing concern over the relationship between the amount of fat in the abdominal . cavity and the development of serious health problems.

Question 11

Skinfold measurements, electrical impedance, and hydrostatic weighing are all measures of

A) body composition.
B) obesity.
C) weight.
D) fitness.

Question 12

The principle behind electrical impedance measurement is that

A) body tissues of older people respond differently from those of younger people.
B) electrical currents will be conducted around the outside surfaces of the body.
C) muscles respond to electrical current, while fat does not.
D) fat has a different electrical resistance from muscle.

Question 13

The Bod Pod determines body composition by

A) using a nomogram.
B) measuring displaced air.
C) relating weight to height.
D) measuring electrical resistance under the skin.

Question 14

The normal range of body fat for young adult men is ______________ percent.

A) 10 to 15
B) 15 to 19
C) 20 to 25
D) 25 to 30

Question 15

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a skinfold measurement?

A) It is used to calculate the percentage of body fat.
B) It is a measurement to determine the thickness of the fat layer just under the skin.
C) Only one key site on the body is necessary to accurately determine the percentage of body fat.
D) These measurements are taken using a special device known as a caliper.

Question 16

Which of the following methods is the MOST accurate means of determining body composition?

A) height/weight tables
B) body mass index charts
C) electrical impedance
D) hydrostatic weighing

Question 17

Which of the following BEST explains the causes of obesity?

A) Obesity generally occurs among people who lack sufficient leptin output.
B) Research indicates that genetic makeup is the main cause of most obesity.
C) Although no definitive cause is known, it is believed that several factors play a role.
D) Obesity is the product of overeating and lack of exercise, over which everyone has equal control.

Question 18

Which of the following BEST describes the influence of genetics on obesity?

A) Body type is the only known obesity factor that is strongly affected by genetics.
B) Your genetic makeup determines whether you will be obese.
C) There are many possible genetic influences on obesity.
D) Genetics has little direct influence on obesity.

Question 19

The body's appetite controls are mainly located in the

A) liver.
B) stomach.
C) large intestine.
D) hypothalamus.

Question 20

The feeding and satiety centers control

A) when you eat.
B) how much you eat.
C) how your body uses food.
D) when you feel hungry and satisfied.

Question 21

Which of the following BEST summarizes the set point theory?

A) Each person has a point beyond which he or she cannot lose weight.
B) Each person's body regulates its use of energy to maintain a certain weight range.
C) The body begins to store fat when eating reaches a certain point.
D) Once an overweight person has lost weight, it becomes easier to lose more weight up to a certain point.

Question 22

Changes in the body's metabolic rate due to a lack, or abundance, of calories is known as

A) adipose recession.
B) digestive generativity.
C) comestible stabilization.
D) adaptive thermogenesis.

Question 23

What is the percentage of people who go on a diet and gain all of their weight back within a year of going off the diet?

A) 90 percent
B) 75 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 25 percent

Question 24

____________ is second only to tobacco as the leading cause of premature death and disproportionately affects women of color and lower socioeconomic classes.

A) Breast cancer
B) Obesity
C) Stroke
D) Hypertension

Question 25

A form of obesity that is connected to overeating for a long period of time is known as

A) hypercellular.
B) hypertrophic.
C) hypothyroid.
D) mild.

Question 26

Johanna was overfed as a baby. What form of obesity is she likely to develop?

A) glandular
B) hypertrophic
C) hypercellular
D) hyperthermic

Question 27

The type of obesity characterized by an abnormally large number of fat cells is

A) hypercellular.
B) hypertrophic.
C) hypotronic.
D) lipogenetic.

Question 28

Many researchers believe that overfed infants become overweight later in life because

A) they develop more fat cells than infants who are not overfed do.
B) the heavy calorie load slows down their metabolisms.
C) overeating habits are established early in life.
D) their fat cells grow in size.

Question 29

Hypertrophic obesity occurs primarily because of

A) diabetes.
B) heredity.
C) overeating.
D) endocrine dysfunctions.

Question 30

According to weight management experts, which of the following is the most important factor leading to obesity in the United States is

A) inactivity.
B) metabolism.
C) the mass promotion of junk foods.
D) endocrine dysfunction.

Question 31

Your body's energy needs are based on your diet, your activities, and your

A) general health.
B) basal metabolism.
C) degree of obesity.
D) endocrine function.

Question 32

Consuming about _____ calories more than is needed results in a weight gain of one pound of fat.

A) 2,200
B) 1,500
C) 3,500
D) 2,700

Question 33

Why do the body's energy requirements decrease with age? Because

A) basal metabolic rate declines with age.
B) older adults are less active than younger adults.
C) aging results in the gradual loss of muscle tissue.
D) some body systems are no longer required in older adults.

Question 34

Which of the following is LEAST likely to influence basal metabolic rate?

A) age
B) caloric intake
C) activity level
D) gender

Question 35

The amount of energy our bodies require for the digestion, absorption, and transportation of food is known as the ________________________ of food.

A) thermic effect
B) thermatic metabolism
C) molecular fusion
D) hyperthermogenesis

Question 36

According to the experts, you should set a goal to lose no more than __________ pounds a week.

A) 5
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 37

Effective and lasting weight loss requires

A) a diet that significantly reduces calorie intake.
B) going on a diet for a specific period of time.
C) following a diet plan that is restrictive and demanding.
D) a lifestyle change that includes healthy eating and regular exercise.

Question 38

Which of the following is FALSE regarding a balanced diet supported by portion control? It

A) is best undertaken with a nutritionist and physicians knowledgeable in diet management.
B) is a diet designed to produce rapid weight loss.
C) reflects a nutritionally sound program that offers some probability of success.
D) does not force an individual to adopt a restrictive approach to eating.

Question 39

Why is a diet based on portion control a better idea than so-called low-calorie or fad diets?

A) Portion control is a healthy and successful approach to weight loss.
B) Portion control diets achieve results more quickly.
C) Portion control typically cuts more calories from a meal.
D) Portion control is typically a more rigidly enforced approach.

Question 40

People use fad diets in an attempt to achieve

A) a gradual weight loss.
B) a more nutritionally balanced approach to weight loss.
C) rapid weight loss.
D) making dieting easier and more enjoyable.

Question 41

Dehydration, electrolyte loss, and possible kidney problems are complications associated with which fad diet?

A) The Atkins Diet
B) Eating Thin for Life
C) The New Beverly Hills Diet
D) Jenny Craig

Question 42

Most prescription and over-the-counter diet drugs achieve their purpose by

A) slowing digestion.
B) elevating heart rate.
C) stimulating excretion.
D) suppressing appetite.

Question 43

The problem with the over-the-counter appetite suppressant phenylpropanolamine (PPA) is

A) its association with higher risk of stroke.
B) it actually stimulates the appetite.
C) it interferes with digestion for most people.
D) that research has found it to be ineffective.

Question 44

Which of the following was found in most herbal and OTC supplements until it was banned in 2003?

A) phenylpropanolamine
B) ephedrine
C) aristolochia fangchi
D) dexfenfluramine

Question 45

Gastroplasty achieves its effectiveness as anti-obesity surgery by

A) reducing the size of the stomach.
B) tightening the muscles around digestive organs.
C) shortening the path of food through the digestive tract.
D) routing food away from the areas of greatest absorption.

Question 46

A moderately obese, college-age friend of yours wants to try liposuction to solve her problem with obesity. Why is this a bad idea?

A) Liposuction is cosmetic and not a life-long behavior change.
B) Liposuction is a high risk procedure compared with others.
C) Liposuction is more body sculpting than weight loss.
D) All of the choices are true of liposuction.

Question 47

You are dangerously obese and you are a compulsive eater. The most effective surgical procedure to enable you to lose weight would be

A) liposuction.
B) abdominoplasty.
C) body wrapping.
D) gastric band surgery.

Question 48

Tim is thin, and he wants to gain weight for football. He does not have an eating disorder. The best way for Tim to proceed would be to

A) eat only high-fat foods and lift weights.
B) combine a balanced, calorie-dense diet with strength training.
C) train twice a day and consume lots of high-calorie foods.
D) combine resistance training with an over-the-counter weight gaining supplement.

Question 49

The key to maintaining a healthy weight is

A) caloric expenditure through regular exercise.
B) regular counseling sessions.
C) over-the-counter weight loss products.
D) acupuncture.

Question 50

Which of the following is the most effective tool for eliminating fat from the body?

A) dieting
B) education
C) physical activity
D) prescription steroids

Question 51

All of the following are keys to successful lifetime weight control EXCEPT

A) exercise.
B) dietary modification.
C) psychiatric counseling.
D) problem solving.

Question 52

Your emotional status has little effect on eating behaviors.

Question 53

People of all ages tend to be as active as did our ancestors only a few generations ago.

Question 54

Many researchers believe that some adults have weight problems because they were overfed as infants.

Question 55

Caloric balance exists when we consume enough calories to maintain basic metabolic processes.

Question 56

An individual's basal metabolic rate changes as that person ages.

Question 57

Physical activity uses 20-40% of caloric intake.

Question 58

Most people use fad diets in an attempt to achieve a gradual weight loss.

Question 59

Fad diets are often nutritionally unbalanced.

Question 60

Many reduced-calorie foods tend to be high in sodium.

Question 61

Fasting is only recommended as a last-resort, weight-loss measure and then only under medical supervision.

Question 62

A high-quality, commercial weight reduction program will always guarantee significant results.

Question 63

There are currently no effective drug treatments for obesity.

Question 64

Surgical procedures to treat obesity often have unpleasant side effects.

Question 65

A gastric band can be tightened or loosened over time to change the size of the passageway into the stomach.

Question 66

Weight gain can be accomplished in a healthy manner.

Question 67

The best approach to lifetime weight control is regular exercise combined with a commercial weight loss plan.

Question 68

Exercise is more effective than dieting at eliminating fat.

Question 69

Most eating disorders occur because people become psychologically addicted to dieting.

Question 70

Eating disorder victims tend to have low self-esteem.

Question 71

Chewing and spitting out food without swallowing may indicate a more serious eating disorder.

Question 72

If left untreated, most eating disorders will resolve themselves.

Question 73

Describe the methods used to measure body fat. List the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Question 74

Summarize the set point theory of body weight.

Question 75

List the components of a successful weight loss plan.

Question 76

Summarize a sound approach to lifetime weight control.

Question 77

Explain why dieting alone is a poor way to control weight.

Question 78

Why is regular physical activity the cornerstone of weight control?

Question 79

Briefly compare and contrast the eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.