Deck 12: Urbanization and Population

Question 1

Most of the world's population __________.

A) is migratory
B) lives in cities
C) lives in rural areas
D) lives in suburbs

Answer 1

lives in cities

Question 2

Today there are __________ megacities.

A) 15
B) 18
C) 23
D) 30

Answer 2

30

Question 3

The movement of masses of people to cities, known as __________, creates unique problems never before dealt with on a global scale.

A) urban crisis
B) urban homesteading
C) urban sprawl
D) urbanization

Answer 3

urbanization

Question 4

Erica's research focuses on the social process whereby cities grow. The focus is on __________.

A) urbanization
B) demographic transition
C) disinvestment
D) laterization

Question 5

Bob's research focuses on drug dealers and their impact on urban flight. He is studying __________.

A) urban crisis
B) urban homesteading
C) urban sprawl
D) urbanization

Question 6

__________ explains the tendency of any town or city to expand radially from its central business district.

A) Gentrification theory
B) The demographic transition
C) Concentric zone theory
D) Redlining

Question 7

In his research, Elijah Anderson found a group of men who were decent and hardworking. They were known as the __________.

A) hoodlums
B) gentlemen
C) regulars
D) wineheads

Question 8

How many areas are there in a city?

A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five

Question 9

The research approach used by symbolic interactionists studying urban life that involves not imposing one's own values or views on others is often called __________.

A) disinvestment
B) gemeinschaft
C) gesellschaft
D) the Chicago School of Sociology

Question 10

The __________ occurs when one group moves into an area already occupied by people who have different characteristics.

A) green revolution
B) invasion-succession cycle
C) demographic transition
D) precipitating incident

Question 11

Taisha lives in the urban slums. According to Burgess, she lives in __________.

A) Zone 1
B) Zone 2
C) Zone 3
D) Zone 4

Question 12

In Dallas, Texas, most of the car dealerships are clustered together in specific areas. This illustrates __________.

A) zones of functional specialties
B) concentric zones
C) edge cities
D) enterprise zones

Question 13

Hadassah's research examines how the urban poor in India perceive their own life satisfaction in comparison with others. This research is in line with __________.

A) conflict theory
B) symbolic interactionism
C) functionalism
D) feminist theory

Question 14

Violet believes that cities have declined because of policies developed by business owners. Violet's beliefs are in line with __________.

A) conflict theory
B) symbolic interactionism
C) functionalism
D) feminist theory

Question 15

__________ suggest that the poor are oppressed by leaders who pursue their own political and economic interests.

A) Conflict theorists
B) Symbolic interactionists
C) Functionalists
D) Feminist theorists

Question 16

__________ stress that the privileged run the cities and make the decisions that keep their power intact.

A) Conflict theorists
B) Symbolic interactionists
C) Functionalists
D) Feminist theorists

Question 17

Which sociologist found six main values of belonging to a gang?

A) Albert Cohen
B) Walter Miller
C) Ruth Horowitz
D) Elijah Anderson

Question 18

The cities facing the most decline in their regional restratification are in the __________.

A) Midwest
B) West
C) Northeast
D) South

Question 19

The feeling of belonging to __________ involves a sense that others care what happens to us and that we can depend on the people around us.

A) a town
B) alienation
C) a community
D) windrows

Question 20

The destitute and the emotionally disturbed living in the city are often referred to as the __________.

A) poor
B) trapped
C) deprived
D) ethnic villagers

Question 21

Since moving to New York City from a small town in Mississippi, Ellie has lived in isolation and fear. This illustrates __________.

A) laterization
B) alienation
C) community
D) windrows

Question 22

Cretia Mae has lived in a rural area for her entire life. She says that she loves the country life because she has neighbors who care about her and on whom she can depend. This suggests that Cretia Mae appreciates __________.

A) laterization
B) alienation
C) community
D) windrows

Question 23

Helen is a professional who lives and works in Manhattan. She enjoys the arts and entertainment opportunities that are offered by living in a city. She represents the __________.

A) suburbanites
B) upper class
C) professionals
D) cosmopolites

Question 24

Bob is an elderly man who has no family. He can't afford to move out of the city. He represents the __________.

A) mentally ill
B) trapped
C) downtrodden
D) disheveled

Question 25

Los Angeles is trying to encourage businesses to relocate in some of the poorer sections of town. The city is establishing __________.

A) empowerment zones
B) concentric zones
C) redline zones
D) precipitating zones

Question 26

__________ occurs when more affluent people move into an area and rehabilitate its buildings.

A) Disinvestment
B) Urban sprawl
C) Gentrification
D) Redlining

Question 27

The number of deaths per 1,000 people is called __________.

A) the death rate
B) a population pyramid
C) infanticide
D) carrying capacity

Question 28

A(n) __________ occurs when growth doubles during equal intervals of time.

A) population pyramid
B) exponential growth curve
C) demographic transition
D) green revolution

Question 29

Thomas Malthus argued that __________.

A) both the population and the food supply increase geometrically
B) the population increases geometrically and the food supply increases arithmetically
C) both the population and the food supply increase arithmetically
D) the population increases arithmetically and the food supply increases geometrically

Question 30

__________ occurs when there is a failure to produce enough children to replace people who die.

A) Population shrinkage
B) Indexing
C) Demographic transition
D) Laterization

Question 31

The stage of the demographic transition that consists of a fairly stable population in which high death rates are offset by high birthrates is called __________.

A) Stage I
B) Stage II
C) Stage III
D) Stage IV

Question 32

The stage of the demographic transition in which the population is stabilized as people bring birthrates in line with lower death rates is called __________.

A) Stage I
B) Stage II
C) Stage III
D) Stage IV

Question 33

In the second stage of the demographic transition __________.

A) there will be a large number of young people
B) there will be an equal number of young people and old people
C) there will be a large number of old people
D) most people will be elderly

Question 34

Freda's research focuses on the composition and growth of the human population. Freda's research explores __________.

A) gentrification
B) laterization
C) urbanization
D) demography

Question 35

Which of the following is true regarding the availability of food?

A) Less food is available per person now than in the past.
B) The same amount of food is available now as was in the past.
C) More food is available per person now than in the past.
D) It is impossible to measure the amount of food in the world.

Question 36

Starvation in Africa is typically due to __________.

A) drought and civil war
B) population transfer
C) overpopulation
D) animal migration patterns

Question 37

Seeing things from another person's perspective is called __________.

A) indexing
B) taking the role of the other
C) gemeinschaft
D) gesellschaft

Question 38

Mexico is in Stage II of the demographic transition. The country's age structure can be represented by a __________.

A) demographic transition map
B) population bar chart
C) population pyramid
D) demographic chart

Question 39

The controlling of food production to control food prices is called __________.

A) a political machine
B) food politics
C) disinvestment
D) agricompanies

Question 40

When Western medicine and public sanitation were exported to the least industrialized nations, it caused a surge in their populations that outstripped their food supplies and resulted in malnutrition, mass starvation, and political unrest. This illustrates __________.

A) indexing
B) a latent function
C) a latent dysfunction
D) alienation

Question 41

__________ suggest that war, natural disasters, disease, and famine hold the world's population in check, ensuring that humans do not outstrip their food supply.

A) Conflict theorists
B) Symbolic interactionists
C) Functionalists
D) Feminist theorists

Question 42

__________ is achieved when couples average about two children each.

A) A replacement level
B) Zero population growth
C) Population shrinkage
D) A population pyramid

Question 43

As human populations continue to grow, such as in Africa, they will outpace the food supply. This is the belief of the __________.

A) new eternally optimistic
B) New Malthusians
C) Anti-Malthusians
D) green revolution

Question 44

Which of the following policies would the New Malthusians promote?

A) Reduce the age of consent to have sex
B) Encourage infanticide
C) Discourage the education of women
D) Make birth control illegal

Question 45

In __________, bioengineering will produce pest-resistant plants that produce their own fertilizers.

A) a biotech society
B) laterization
C) indexing
D) the green revolution

Question 46

Explain the urban crisis in the United States. How do the theories help us to consider solutions to the urban crisis?

Question 47

Discuss Elijah Anderson's study on street life. How does it compare to William Foote Whyte's study? What do we learn from the two studies?

Question 48

Discuss the substitute values of gang members. What does Walter Miller's research tell us about gang values?

Question 49

Explain why the poor have so many children in the least industrialized nations.

Question 50

Compare the policy implications for population growth offered by the Anti-Malthusians compared to the New Malthusians.