Deck 4: Managing Ethics and Social Responsibility

Question 1

Utilitarian,individualism,moral-rights,and objective dualism are the four approaches that guide ethical decision-making.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Individualism is popular in the highly organized society of today because it supports immediate self-gain.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Free choice lies between the domains of codified law and ethics.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Procedural justice requires that rules be stated clearly,consistently and impartially enforced,and administered fairly.

Question 5

Ethics,found between the domains of law and free choice,is the code of moral principles that governs any individual or groups.

Question 6

An ethical dilemma arises in a situation when each alternative choice or behavior have potentially negative consequences.Right and wrong cannot be clearly distinguished.

Question 7

The domain of codified law pertains to behavior about which the law has no say and for which an individual or organization enjoys complete freedom.

Question 8

Level 3 of the Personal Moral Development model is Conventional.

Question 9

The ethical concept that argues that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people is objective dualism.

Question 10

Individuals,at the preconventional level,are concerned with external rewards and punishments and obey authority to avoid detrimental personal consequences.

Question 11

The ethical concept that acts are moral when they promote the individual's best long term interests,which ultimately leads to the greater good,is known as the moral rights approach.

Question 12

Individuals are concerned with external rewards and punishments at the principled level.

Question 13

In the individualism approach,the right of free speech must be considered.

Question 14

The moral agent is an individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization.

Question 15

Monitoring the Internet to maintain the company's ethical climate and workplace productivity could be considered part of an individualistic approach.

Question 16

The basis for the recent trend among companies to police employee personal habits such as alcohol and tobacco consumption on the job is called the utilitarian ethic.

Question 17

The justice approach is closest to the thinking underlying the domain of free choice.

Question 18

The right of free consent,the right to privacy,and the right of freedom of conscience are rights that should be considered in the moral rights approach.

Question 19

If something is ethical,it must not be illegal.

Question 20

Procedural justice requires that different treatment of people not be based on arbitrary characteristics.

Question 21

Important stakeholders in corporations include the government and the community.

Question 22

Social responsibility is management's obligation to make choices and take actions that will contribute to the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization.

Question 23

A stakeholder is any group within or outside the organization that has a stake in the organization's performance.

Question 24

Principled level of moral development is also referred to as the postconventional level.

Question 25

Economic,legal,ethical,and discretionary responsibilities are the four areas of social responsibility which can be used to evaluate corporate social performance.

Question 26

Ethical behavior occurs when decisions enable an individual or company to gain at the expense of society.

Question 27

Economic responsibility defines what society deems as important with respect to appropriate corporate behavior.

Question 28

Economic development that generates wealth and meets the needs of the current population while preserving the environment for the needs of future generations refers to sustainability.

Question 29

Spotlight on Ethics in Chapter 4 recommends that when challenging your boss on ethical issues you do not demand a resolution on the spot.

Question 30

An individual at the postconventional level lives up to expectations of others,fulfills duties and obligations of social systems,and upholds law.

Question 31

The great majority of managers operate at level two,the conventional level.

Question 32

Social responsibility covers a narrow range of issues,many of which are unambiguous with respect to right or wrong.

Question 33

Approximately 20% of American adults,according to your text,ever reach the postconventional level of moral development.

Question 34

Unfortunately,discretionary responsibility is involuntary and is mandated by economics,law,or ethics.

Question 35

All stakeholders of an organization are its stockholders but not all stockholders are its stakeholders.

Question 36

Ethical responsibility includes behaviors that are not necessarily codified into law and may not serve the corporation's direct economic interests.

Question 37

The NEW MANAGER SELF-TEST in Chapter 4 suggests that orienting new people,even though it is not required,often reflects a person's level of moral development.

Question 38

The majority of managers operate at the preconventional level of personal moral development.

Question 39

A formal statement of the organization's values regarding moral principles and governing its response to social values is called a code of ethics.

Question 40

Special interest groups include trade associations,political action committees and consumerists.

Question 41

Principle-based statements define fundamental values and contain general language about company responsibilities,quality of products,and treatment of employees.

Question 42

A chief ethics officer is a company executive who oversees all aspects of ethics and legal compliance.

Question 43

The virtue ethics approach to ethical decision making sidesteps debates about what is right,good,or just and bases decisions on prevailing standards of the profession and the larger society,taking the interests of all stakeholders into account.

Question 44

A situation that arises when all alternative choices or behaviors have been deemed undesirable because of the potentially negative ethical consequences,making it difficult to distinguish right from wrong,is considered

A) a moral agent.
B) a social responsibility.
C) an ethical dilemma.
D) an ethical standard.
E) discretionary responsibility.

Question 45

Most ethical dilemmas in business involve a conflict between stakeholders and shareholders.

Question 46

A group of executives appointed to oversee company ethics is an ethics committee.

Question 47

The assumption that "If it's not illegal,it must be ethical," ignores which of the following?

A) Domain of codified law
B) Domain of ethics
C) Domain of free choice
D) Discretionary responsibility
E) Domain of symbolism

Question 48

Sharon is a manager at Softest Tissue Corporation.She is faced with an interesting problem.One of her employees has been cheating the company out of expense money.Sharon must decide whether or not to fire this employee.In this role,Sharon is acting as

A) a moral agent.
B) an ethical theorist.
C) a symbolic leader.
D) an authoritarian leader.
E) an obstructive manager.

Question 49

Policy-based statements generally outline the procedure to be used in specific ethical situations.

Question 50

Which of the following is an individual who must make an ethical choice in an organization?

A) The symbolic leader
B) An obstructive manager
C) The defensive individual
D) The moral agent
E) An authoritarian manager

Question 51

Economic responsibility,carried to the extreme,is called the profit-maximizing view.

Question 52

One of the newest positions in organizations is the chief operating officer,a response to widespread financial wrongdoing in recent years.

Question 53

An organization's decision to produce a new product is in the

A) domain of codified law.
B) domain of free choice.
C) domain of ethics.
D) domain of compensatory justice.
E) domain of social responsibility.

Question 54

Managers are often concerned good citizenship will hurt performance.

Question 55

Managers carry a tremendous responsibility for setting the ethical climate in an organization and can act as role models for others.

Question 56

The virtue ethics approach to ethical decision making says that moral behavior stems from personal virtues.

Question 57

Although public confidence in business managers is at an all-time low,politics,sports,and non-profit organizations have not been affected.

Question 58

Ethics training programs are not an important supplement as long as a well-written code of ethics exists.

Question 59

The disclosure by an employee of illegal,immoral,or illegitimate practices by the organization is called whistle-blowing.

Question 60

Which of the following refers to the code of moral principles and values that govern behaviors with respect to what is right and wrong?

A) Social responsibility
B) Free domain
C) Ethics
D) Codified law
E) Discretionary responsibility

Question 61

When everyone is pursuing self-direction,the greater good is ultimately served because people learn to accommodate each other in their own long-term interest is an example of ____.

A) utilitarian approach
B) individualism approach
C) moral-justice approach
D) justice approach
E) social responsibility

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a normative ethics approach?

A) Utilitarian approach
B) Individualism approach
C) Social responsibility approach
D) Moral-rights approach
E) All of these are normative approaches as described in the text.

Question 63

Sexual harassment is unethical because it violates an important part of which approach to ethical behavior?

A) The utilitarian approach
B) The individualism approach
C) The justice approach
D) The moral-rights approach
E) The defensive approach

Question 64

Which of these refers to procedural justice?

A) The concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics
B) The concept that rules should be clearly stated and consistently and impartially enforced
C) The concept that individuals should be compensated for the cost of their injuries by the party responsible
D) The concept that people should be treated differently
E) None of these

Question 65

Human beings have fundamental rights and liberties that cannot be taken away by another individual's decision.This ethical decision making approach is known as the

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-rights approach.
D) dualism approach.
E) None of these.

Question 66

Disk Replacement Services has just completed a procedure manual to handle employee grievances.One of the main criteria is to make it clear to employees that rules will be administered fairly and consistently.Disk Replacement operates on

A) the procedural justice approach.
B) the utilitarian approach.
C) the individual approach.
D) the defensive approach.
E) the free-choice approach.

Question 67

The moral rights approach that deals with performing experimental treatment on unconscious trauma patient is the

A) right of free consent.
B) right to privacy.
C) right of freedom of conscience.
D) right of free speech.
E) right of due process.

Question 68

Which of the following is not a concern to managers under the justice approach?

A) Compensatory justice
B) Distributive justice
C) Procedural justice
D) Obstructive justice
E) All of these

Question 69

A normative approach to ethical decision making

A) reduces ethical dilemmas to easy-to-understand formulas.
B) uses various approaches to describe guiding values for decisions.
C) states that everyone must use their employer's value system at work.
D) dictates only one way to choose to resolve dilemmas.
E) none of these.

Question 70

Which ethical approach are companies citing to justify their policing of employee's personal habits on and off the job,such as alcohol and tobacco consumption?

A) Justice approach
B) Utilitarian approach
C) Individualism approach
D) Moral-justice approach
E) Discretionary responsibility

Question 71

The ethical decision approach that requires persons to be guided by standards of equity,fairness and impartiality is the

A) moral-rights approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) utilitarian approach.
D) justice approach.
E) discretionary responsibility.

Question 72

The ____ ethic was the basis for the state of Oregon's decision to extend Medicaid to 400,000 previously ineligible recipients by refusing to pay for high-cost,high-risk procedures.

A) justice
B) moral-rights
C) obstructive
D) individualism
E) utilitarian

Question 73

____ refers to the concept that different treatment of people should not be based on arbitrary characteristics.

A) Procedural justice
B) Compensatory justice
C) Distributive justice
D) Organizational justice
E) Moral-justice

Question 74

Robbie's Robots decided to continue operations at one plant while shutting down another.The decision was justified on the basis of what was best for the total corporation.This is an example of the

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-justice approach.
D) justice approach.
E) illegal approach.

Question 75

The golden rule "do unto others as they would do unto you" is

A) an example of the utilitarian approach to ethical behavior.
B) representative of the moral-justice approach to moral decision making.
C) an example of the values that guide the individualism approach to ethical behavior.
D) silly and outdated.
E) an example of the justice approach to ethical behavior.

Question 76

____ to ethical decision-making is consistent with due process,free consent,privacy,freedom of conscience and free speech.

A) Moral-rights approach
B) Individualism approach
C) Utilitarian approach
D) Justice approach
E) Dual-economic approach

Question 77

The ____ refers to the ethical concept that moral decisions are those that best maintain the rights of those people affected by them.

A) individualism approach
B) justice approach
C) utilitarian approach
D) moral-rights approach
E) discretionary responsibility approach

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT one of the moral rights that could be considered during decision-making?

A) The right to free consent
B) The right to invade privacy
C) The right to free speech
D) The right of freedom of conscience
E) The right to life and safety

Question 79

Which approach is the ethical concept that moral behaviors produce the greatest good for the greatest number?

A) Defensive
B) Justice
C) Utilitarian
D) Individualism
E) Moral-rights

Question 80

Caleb is a manager at Computer-Care Company.He is expected to consider the effort of each decision alternative on all parties and select the one that optimizes the satisfaction for the greatest number of people.This is an example of the

A) utilitarian approach.
B) individualism approach.
C) moral-justice approach.
D) justice approach.
E) soft-line managerial approach.