Deck 1: Historical and Professional Matters

Question 1

The first civil service examination system was initiated by the German government in the mid-nineteenth century.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Galton?s research on mental measurement stemmed from his interest in the inheritance of genius.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Interest in individual differences contributed directly to the growth of psychological and educational testing.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Research during the late 19th century on individual differences was stimulated by the writings of Charles Darwin on the origin of species differences.

Question 5

The first practical intelligence test was constructed by J. M. Cattell under the guidance of Francis Galton.

Question 6

Darwin?s theory of evolution was stimulated by Galton?s research on mental measurement.

Question 7

Francis Galton conducted research on the effects of environmental factors on mental abilities.

Question 8

The method of co-relations for analyzing test scores was invented by J. M. Cattell.

Question 9

Although Alfred Binet is often credited with devising the first practical intelligence test, that honor actually belongs to Francis Galton.

Question 10

Lewis Terman is especially noted for his research on personality assessment.

Question 11

The Army Alpha and the Army Beta are considered to have been the first objective group tests of intelligence.

Question 12

Group intelligence testing began in the United States during World War II.

Question 13

Individual tests are more expensive and require more training to administer than group tests.

Question 14

The most comprehensive sources of test reviews are the volumes of the Mental Measurements Yearbooks.

Question 15

Uniform administration and scoring procedures, together with norms based on representative samples, are found only in the case of standardized tests.

Question 16

All standardized tests have standard directions for administration and scoring, as well as norms.

Question 17

Achievement, intelligence, and special aptitude tests are affective measures.

Question 18

The popularity of projective techniques has declined in recent years.

Question 19

Most essay tests are fairly objective.

Question 20

The only thing that is ?objective? about an objective test is the procedure by which it is administered.D

Question 21

The two most popular tests administered by clinical and counseling psychologists are the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

Question 22

In general, the qualifications for administrators of individual tests are more stringent than those for administrators of group tests.

Question 23

Administration of Level A tests published by The Psychological Corporation requires a PhD in counseling or clinical psychology or the equivalent in training and experience.

Question 24

Final responsibility for the correct use of psychological tests lies with the publishers and distributors of tests.

Question 25

The Code of Fair Testing Practices in Education was designed to regulate the administration of all tests used in educational contexts.

Question 26

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 is concerned with the matter of confidentiality of student information.

Question 27

The principle of informed consent implies that examinees must be informed of the content of a test and what it purports to measure before consenting to take it.

Question 28

The use of formal oral examinations for the selection of civil servants began with the ancient

A) Chinese.
B) Egyptians.
C) Greeks.
D) Jews.

Question 29

Although philosophers and scientists in many countries have contributed to psychology, the science of psychology was not formally established until the last quarter of the 19th century in

A) England.
B) France.
C) Germany.
D) the United States.

Question 30

Early investigations of the hereditary basis of genius were associated primarily with the name of __________, whereas the research conducted by __________ was motivated by interest in identifying mentally retarded children.

A) Binet, Cattell
B) Darwin, Binet
C) Galton, Binet
D) Galton, Cattell

Question 31

Sensorimotor tests for measuring individual differences in abilities and temperament were devised originally by

A) Alfred Binet.
B) J. M. Cattell.
C) Francis Galton.
D) Wilhelm Wundt.

Question 32

The method of co-relations for analyzing test scores was introduced by

A) J. M. Cattell.
B) Gustav Fechner.
C) Francis Galton.
D) Wilhelm Wundt.

Question 33

The use of printed examinations by the Boston School Committee occurred under the guidance of

A) George Fisher.
B) Horace Mann.
C) J. M. Rice.
D) E. L. Thorndike.

Question 34

The tests devised by __________ emphasized the ability to judge, understand, and reason.

A) Alfred Binet
B) J. M. Cattell
C) Francis Galton
D) Joseph Jastrow

Question 35

The concept of mental age was first used in scoring an intelligence test constructed by

A) Alfred Binet.
B) Francis Galton.
C) Lewis Terman.
D) David Wechsler.

Question 36

The first intelligence test that proved to be an effective predictor of scholastic achievement was constructed by

A) Binet.
B) Cattell.
C) Galton.
D) Otis.

Question 37

Thorndike was to achievement testing as Woodworth was to __________ testing.

A) ability
B) aptitude
C) interest
D) personality

Question 38

Inkblots are to personality inventory as __________ is to __________.

A) Binet, Cattell
B) Murray, Pearson
C) Rorschach, Woodworth
D) Terman, Spearman

Question 39

Credit for devising the first group test of intelligence belongs to

A) Arthur Otis.
B) Lewis Terman.
C) Robert Woodworth.
D) Robert Yerkes.

Question 40

Group intelligence tests and personality inventories were both used initially on a mass basis during

A) The Renaissance period.
B) the late 19th century.
C) World War I.
D) World War II.

Question 41

The most obvious source to consult for a test review is the

A) Mental Measurements Yearbooks.
B) Psychological Abstracts.
C) Standards for Educational and Psychological Tests.
D) Tests in Print.

Question 42

A test that has printed directions for scoring and administration, as well as norms, and is constructed by testing professionals is by definition a(n)

A) individual test.
B) objective test.
C) performance test.
D) standardized test.

Question 43

Interpreting test results by referring to a table of norms is most closely associated with the question of whether the test is a(n) __________ instrument

A) achievement or aptitude
B) affective or cognitive
C) individual or group
D) standardized or non-standardized
E) verbal or nonverbal

Question 44

The most popular of all intelligence tests in clinical and counseling situations today are those designed initially by

A) Alfred Binet.
B) Arthur Otis.
C) Lewis Terman.
D) David Wechsler.

Question 45

The most popular test of personality in clinical and counseling situations today is the

A) Bender-Gestalt Test.
B) Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.
C) Rorschach Inkblot Test.
D) Thematic Apperception Test.

Question 46

Which of the following dichotomies is concerned primarily with the method of scoring a test?

A) affective vs. cognitive
B) individual vs. group
C) objective vs. nonobjective
D) speed vs. power

Question 47

Tests requiring examinees to manipulate various physical objects are, of necessity, __________tests.

A) affective
B) performance
C) power
D) speed

Question 48

Affective is to cognitive as

A) ability is to achievement.
B) attitude is to personality.
C) subjective is to objective.
D) temperament is to intelligence.

Question 49

Most essay examinations can be characterized as __________ tests.

A) affective
B) group
C) objective
D) speed

Question 50

Interest inventories are __________ instruments.

A) affective
B) performance
C) speed
D) subjective

Question 51

The most comprehensive classification of psychological tests is found in the

A) American Psychological Association?s Test Classification Catalog.
B) Library of Congress Test Classification System.
C) Mental Measurements Yearbooks.
D) Publishers? Index to Psychological Tests.

Question 52

At which qualification level are users required to have a PhD in psychology or education, the equivalent in training in assessment, or verification of licensure or certification?

A) Level A
B) Level B
C) Level C
D) Level D

Question 53

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-arithmetic and handwriting tests

A) Thorndike
B) Pearson

Question 54

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-devised the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

A) Terman
B) Pearson

Question 55

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-first group intelligence test

A) Otis
B) Wundt

Question 56

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-first personality inventory

A) Woodworth
B) Pearson

Question 57

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-first practical intelligence test

A) Binet
B) Wundt

Question 58

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-hereditary basis of genius

A) Galton
B) Pearson

Question 59

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-Mental Measurements Yearbooks

A) Buros
B)Wundt

Question 60

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-origin of species differences

A) Darwin
B) Pearson

Question 61

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-projective inkblot test

A) Rorschach
B) Wundt

Question 62

Match each historical event with each of these men:

-vocational interest test

A) Strong
B) Pearson

Question 63

Put the following events in historical order from least recent (A) to most recent (E).

A) Army Alpha and Beta administered in U.S. Army
B)Galtonʹs studies of individual differences
C) Jungʹs clinical use of word associations
D)Riceʹs research on spelling in school children
E) Rorschach publishes inkblot test

Question 64

Trace the history of psychological testing and assessment from ancient times to the present.

Question 65

List and describe five different uses of psychological tests.

Question 66

Discuss the efforts by various professional organizations and committees to establish standards and ethics for the practice of psychological and educational testing and the results of those efforts.

Question 67

What are the purposes of informed consent, privileged communication, and least stigmatizing labels? What are the legal, ethical, and practical implications of attention to these concepts with respect to psychological and educational testing?