Deck 16: Safety and Occupational Health

Question 1

Safety behaviour includes:

A) wearing safety equipment.
B) safety compliance.
C) reporting all dangerous conditions.
D) awareness of risk to self and others.

Answer 1

safety compliance.

Question 2

Occupational health refers to:

A) time lost to sick days and accidents.
B) worker health in comparison with workers in other industries.
C) all aspects of health and safety in the workplace.
D) a personnel approach.

Answer 2

all aspects of health and safety in the workplace.

Question 3

Shared employee perceptions of how safety management is operationalised in the workplace is a definition of:

A) organisational climate.
B) safety management.
C) safety awareness.
D) safety climate.

Answer 3

safety climate.

Question 4

Zohar's two parameters of safety climate are:

A) pressure of climate and direction of climate.
B) feel of climate and smell of climate.
C) strength of climate and level of climate.
D) sight of climate and sound of climate.

Question 5

The levels at which safety climates can be investigated are:

A) organisational and sub-unit levels.
B) board and executive levels.
C) floor and stakeholder levels.
D) legislative and common law levels.

Question 6

The antecedent of acceptable safety behaviour is:

A) safety climate.
B) pay for performance.
C) better training.
D) safety culture.

Question 7

Which one of the following options is not one of the work or individual antecedents of safety?

A) Safety climate
B) Organisational factors
C) Individual differences
D) Working with heavy machinery

Question 8

One of the leadership styles most relevant to safety is transformational leadership. Which following option is not an aspect of the transformational/charismatic leader?

A) Inspiring followers
B) Coercing followers
C) Challenging followers
D) Showing concern for followers

Question 9

If workers perceive that their employers attach high value to safety policies and practices:

A) they will be less motivated to engage in safety behaviour.
B) they will be more highly motivated to engage in safety behaviour.
C) they will demand higher remuneration packages.
D) they will be indifferent.

Question 10

Taking certain required standards and checking for errors and correction through active or passive monitoring of subordinates' performance best describes:

A) transformational leadership.
B) corrective leadership.
C) transactional leadership.
D) contingency leadership.

Question 11

Age and accident rates are:

A) positively related.
B) dissociated.
C) relative.
D) negatively related.

Question 12

Employees with high levels of conscientious personality type:

A) tend to have fewer accidents.
B) tend to report more accidents.
C) report no different frequencies of accidents.
D) never have accidents.

Question 13

Extraverted individuals:

A) tend to take more risks than other people.
B) tend to take fewer risks than other people.
C) report no different frequencies of risks.
D) never take risks.

Question 14

Psychosocial hazards are:

A) hazards formed by aspects of work design, organisation and management of work, and social and organisational contexts, which have the potential to do social and mental harm.
B) hazards formed by aspects of work design, organisation and management of work, and social and organisational contexts, which have the potential to do physical and social harm.
C) hazards formed by aspects of work design, organisation and management of work, and social and organisational contexts, which have the potential to do psychological harm.
D) hazards formed by aspects of work design, organisation and management of work, and social and organisational contexts, which have the potential to do psychological and physical harm.

Question 15

For shift workers, accident rates begin to increase significantly after:

A) 8 hours.
B) 10 hours.
C) night-time hours.
D) 12 hours.

Question 16

Which of the following has been reported as being able to alleviate the relationship between job stress and injuries?

A) Reducing the number of hours worked
B) Providing more holidays
C) Strong social support
D) Job redesign

Question 17

To change long-term safety behaviour:

A) the onus rests solely on top management.
B) people need to believe in the safe way of doing something and accept safety as a personal value.
C) legal requirements have to change.
D) more fines are required.

Question 18

Research into work-life balance has described the work and non-work (family) domains as existing in five forms. Which one of the following options is not one of these?

A) Segmentation model.
B) Spillover model.
C) Compensation model.
D) Compliance model.

Question 19

Zohar (1980) developed a 40-item measure of organisational climate for safety, with eight dimensions. List the eight dimensions and suggest how these may relate to perceptions of a safety climate.

Question 20

Discuss the relationship between safety climate and workplace safety.

Question 21

Discuss the Neal and Griffin model (2004, adapted from Barling and Frone's 2004 model) for conceptualising safety climate and safety behaviours and describe the role that motivation plays.

Question 22

Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) affects working conditions and health outcomes. Discuss the four interrelated elements of PSC and how PSC is distinct from 'safety climate'.

Question 23

Describe the 'active failure pathway' between stressors and accidents (Reason, 1995).

Question 24

Discuss the difference between challenge stressors and hindrance stressors.

Question 25

What is the relationship between work schedules and health safety risks?

Question 26

Define wellbeing and discuss how it may be influenced.

Question 27

What attributes can assist with perceptions of empowerment?

Question 28

Research into work-life balance has described the work and non-work (family) domains as existing in five key forms. Choose one of the models. Describe the model selected and suggest how imbalance in this domain may cause work-life balance problems.