Deck 1: An Introduction to the Justice System

Question 1

Which of the below is an orientation goal of the justice system?

A) Protection of individual rights
B) Fairness
C) Efficiency
D) Preventing crime

Answer 1

Protection of individual rights

Question 2

Which of the following is a pragmatic goal of the justice system?

A) Protection of individual rights
B) Fairness
C) Efficiency
D) Preventing crime

Answer 2

Preventing crime

Question 3

Our system of justice is based on the ________ process.

A) adversarial
B) innocence
C) guilt
D) group

Answer 3

adversarial

Question 4

The primary state regulatory statute is the ________ that regulates procedure in state courts.

A) state administrative code
B) state penal code
C) state code of criminal procedure
D) model penal code

Question 5

Much of the basic criminal law of this country originated from the common law of:

A) Rome.
B) England.
C) France.
D) Germany.

Question 6

Today, the criminal law of the states on a written set of regulations that is largely the result of:

A) common law.
B) judicial decisions.
C) legislative action.
D) history.

Question 7

The least serious category of crime is:

A) treason.
B) a felony.
C) an infraction.
D) a misdemeanor.

Question 8

The Court rules regulate the ________ of the courts in the areas not regulated by other rules.

A) opinion
B) fact finding process
C) judgment process
D) guilt-determining process

Question 9

Because of the danger of conviction in a trial by jury, an accused would frequently revert to:

A) trial by judge.
B) trial by justice.
C) trial by ordeal.
D) trial by combat.

Question 10

Venue is:

A) the geographical area in which a case is heard.
B) the court which will hear the appeal.
C) the court that had jurisdiction to decline the case.
D) a term used to indicate the desire for a trial by jury.

Question 11

________ is the inherent power of a court to hear and decide a case.

A) Amicus curiae
B) Venue
C) Jurisdiction
D) Cause of action

Question 12

This position is, in most cases, the public prosecutor.

A) District attorney
B) Public defender
C) Administrative officer
D) Administrative attorney

Question 13

The chief law officer of most states is the:

A) district attorney.
B) state's attorney.
C) attorney general.
D) adjutant general.

Question 14

It is the ________ duty to see that all laws of the state are uniformly and adequately enforced.

A) district attorney
B) state's attorney
C) attorney general
D) adjutant general

Question 15

When directed by the ________, the attorney general shall assist any district attorney in the discharge of the duties of the district attorney.

A) governor
B) state legislature
C) select committee on criminal law
D) code of criminal procedure

Question 16

The ________ in most states may prosecute any violations of the state law which a superior or district court has jurisdiction when he or she is of the opinion that the law is not being adequately enforced in any county.

A) state attorney general
B) county attorney
C) federal prosecutor
D) city attorney

Question 17

In states that have both district attorneys and county attorneys, the county attorneys are responsible for:

A) assisting the district attorney.
B) conducting grand jury hearings.
C) conducting preliminary hearings.
D) prosecuting misdemeanors.

Question 18

To what is the federal trial court referred?

A) Court of last resort
B) Supreme Court
C) Superior Court
D) District Court

Question 19

In many cases, the only contact the average citizen will have with the judicial system occurs at this level.

A) Court of last resort
B) Supreme Court
C) Appellate Court
D) District Court

Question 20

Courts of limited jurisdiction may hear certain types of specialized matters such as:

A) probate of wills and estates.
B) divorces.
C) child custody matters.
D) All of these are correct.

Question 21

Understanding our concept of justice requires a thoughtful comprehension of ________ which gives direction to our justice system.

A) historical background
B) social values
C) moral standards
D) political realities
E) All of the above

Question 22

The major issue facing our state and federal court systems is the ever-increasing

A) prison pipeline population.
B) crime rates.
C) caseloads.
D) unappointed judges.

Question 23

Our justice system should be viewed as a set of rules and is fixed in stone.

Question 24

Court rules consist of the various standard procedures used by the courts.

Question 25

Judicial opinions do not construe the constitutionality of state statutes.

Question 26

Originally, the common law was nothing more than a set of unwritten regulations and customs that acted as guidelines in settling disputes, determining the inheritance of property, and dealing with persons who committed misdeeds of a serious antisocial nature.

Question 27

Judicial opinions construe the constitutionality, meaning, and effect of constitutional and statutory provisions.

Question 28

Most experts on the justice system agree that the most basic goal of the justice system is to protect society from crime.

Question 29

Organizations such as the American Bar Association and the American Correctional Association have developed detailed goals to improve the justice system called standards.

Question 30

The individual rights orientation goal stresses the need to solve the crime problem.

Question 31

A state jail felony is a crime that has some aspects of a felony and some of a misdemeanor.

Question 32

A charging document is referred to as an accusatory pleading.

Question 33

Guilt or innocence historically has always been decided by a jury trial.

Question 34

The reason why a jury of twelve evolved is lost in the annals of history, but it is believed to have been based on the 12 nations of the Middle Ages.

Question 35

The Magna Carta did ensure the people certain liberties, which they had been denied previously.

Question 36

Trial by compurgation was used to replace trial by ordeal.

Question 37

The Declaration of Independence became the basis of the guarantees later to be embodied in our Constitution.

Question 38

In misdemeanor prosecutions, the accusatory pleading is generally called a complaint.

Question 39

The First 12 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution are called the Bill of Rights.

Question 40

The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was directed to the states to prevent them from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.

Question 41

The attorney general in most states may prosecute any violations of law of which a superior or district court has jurisdiction when he or she is of the opinion that the law is not being adequately enforced in any county.

Question 42

A(n) ________ is the preliminary examination of a potential juror to determine qualifications to serve as a juror; preliminary examination of a witness to determine his or her competency to speak the truth.

Question 43

A(n) ________ is the taking of any person or thing or the obtaining of information by an officer pursuant to a search or under other color of authority.

Question 44

A(n) ________ is a formal written order issued by a court commanding an individual or party identified in the order to do, or abstain from doing, some specified act.

Question 45

A(n) ________ is an order issued by a judicial officer or, pursuant to the authorization of a judicial officer, by the clerk of a court, requiring a person against whom a criminal charge has been filed to appear in a designated court at a specified date and time.

Question 46

________ or defects affecting substantial rights may be noticed, although they were not brought to the attention of the court.

Question 47

A(n) ________ is an order in response to a habeas corpus petition directing the respondent (warden) to file a return.

Question 48

A constructive contempt is any ________ or civil contempt other than direct contempt.

Question 49

Aggravation or ________ in aggravation are facts that tend to justify the imposition of the more severe punishment.

Question 50

Any person vested by law with a duty to maintain public order or to make arrests for offenses is called a(n) ________.

Question 51

The chief law officer of most states is the ________.

Question 52

Explain the difficulties which constitutes justice.

Question 53

What portions of the Bill of Rights are of particular significance to the administration of justice?

Question 54

Describe characteristics of the American court system.

Question 55

What are the typical goals of a state attorney general's office?

Question 56

What is the primary duty of a prosecutor?

Question 57

How did the concept of trial by jury develop?

Question 58

What is meant by the Bill of Rights?

Question 59

What is a legal citation and why is that necessary for our understanding?

Question 60

What constitutes justice?

Question 61

Why is there a controversy over sobriety checkpoints?