Deck 18: The New South and the Trans-Mississippi West

Question 1

The chapter introduction tells the story of the "Exodusters" to make the point that

A) religious imagery was important in the lonely lives of rural folk in the late nineteenth century.
B) hopes for the future in the South and West confronted realities of "colonial" economies built on
Exploited lands and peoples.
C) while the South suffered from floods and worn-out soil, westerners suffered from locust infestations and the Dust Bowl.
D) both the South and the Midwest lost population as blacks and whites alike joined the "Boomer" land rushes in the far West.

Answer 1

hopes for the future in the South and West confronted realities of "colonial" economies built on
Exploited lands and peoples.

Question 2

Which of the following may have offended churchgoing southerners?

A) baseball
B) log rolling
C) quilting bees
D) None of these answers is correct.

Answer 2

baseball

Question 3

Which of the following does NOT help explain the South's persistent poverty?

A) a poor educational system, fostering a largely unskilled work force
B) an isolated and low-paid labor pool, primarily geared to farming
C) an absence of capital, allowing northern investors to exploit southern resources
D) the fact that the South lagged so far behind the North in industrializing

Answer 3

an absence of capital, allowing northern investors to exploit southern resources

Question 4

Taos of New Mexico believed that each spring the pregnant earth issued new life. Which of the following is a custom they followed with respect to this belief?

A) conducted ritual birth ceremonies
B) held a spring festival of allied pueblos
C) made ceremonial sacrifices of small game animals
D) unshod their horses

Question 5

William Gilpin's vision for the West stressed ________, while John Wesley Powell argued ________.

A) that rain would come when the plains were plowed and planted; that water should be controlled by the
community as a valued resource
B) that the abundant resources of the West should be rapidly developed; that the Indians of the West should be quickly subdued
C) that the Indians should be protected from white settlers; that the land should be protected from eastern capitalists
D) conservation of the land and its peoples; for exploitation of the land and its peoples

Question 6

In the wake of the Plains Indian wars, U.S. Indian policy changed from a policy of ________ (recognized as a failure by the 1880s) to a policy of ________ (an effort that also failed).

A) removing the tribes to the Great Plains; confining the tribes on reservations
B) promoting individual land ownership; pacifying the tribes by military means
C) concentrating tribes onto reservations; trying to integrate Indians into white society as farmers
D) defeating Indian war parties on the battlefield; breaking the power of tribal chieftains

Question 7

What was the difference between the racial labor identities of California and Texas?

A) California had Asian Americans, where Texas did not.
B) California had the Latino culture, where Texas had the Mexicanos culture.
C) Texas had Anglos, where California did not.
D) Texas and California had identical racial labor identities.

Question 8

In many plains communities it was the ________ that first instilled order into public life.

A) churches
B) circuit riding judge
C) territorial agent
D) county government

Question 9

How were the cities of the urban West different than the cities of the East?

A) The largest were originally old Spanish towns.
B) They were actually more populous than those of the Northeast.
C) They grew outward instead of upward.
D) In the East, the poor typically lived at the city center, where in the West they lived on the periphery of the city.

Question 10

By 1887 Congress had become so alarmed at foreign ownership of western land that it enacted the

A) Homestead Act.
B) Alien Land Law.
C) Dawes Severalty Act.
D) America for Americans Law.

Question 11

Select the correct order in which the following territories became states, starting with the earliest.

A) Nebraska, Arizona, Utah
B) New Mexico, Nebraska, Utah
C) Utah, Nebraska, New Mexico
D) Nebraska, Utah, New Mexico

Question 12

The policy of ________ began in the Pacific Northwest and produced some of the earliest clashes between whites and Indians.

Question 13

The Sioux and the ________, allied for the first time, attacked Colonel Custer and the approximately 600 men of the Seventh Cavalry, killing him and some 250 soldiers.

Question 14

The key to growth and development in the area west of the 98^th meridian has been ________.

Question 15

Through the ________ Act of 1862, a generous Congress granted western settlers their wish for free land.

Question 16

The Southwest had a distinct and complex development: just as the southern economy relied on the labor of African Americans, the Southwest grew on the labor of ________.

Question 17

How did the shortage of credit encourage the crop-lien and sharecropping systems?

Question 18

What was the doctrine of the "New South"?

Question 19

Explain the relationship between family size and the persistence of poverty in the South.

Question 20

How did the policies of segregation become entrenched in the South?

Question 21

Why did corporations in the West succeed more often than small entrepreneurs?

Question 22

Explain why Charles Crocker used Chinese labor on the western portion of the transcontinental railroad.

Question 23

What factors led to the rapid growth of the cattle business after the Civil War?

Question 24

What factors made it difficult for farmers to succeed on the western plains?

Question 25

Compare and contrast racial conflict in the South and the West.

Question 26

Explain why, despite its vast human and natural resources, the South experienced more severe poverty than the West.

Question 27

Explain how industrialization affected agriculture in the South and West.

Question 28

By comparing and contrasting the cultural values of whites and Indians, explain why it was so difficult for the two peoples to live together peacefully.

Question 29

Explain how the environment in the West forced people from the East to modify their way of life.

Question 30

In what ways was the role of religion similar in the South and West?
ch18 Key