Deck 3: Colonization and Conflict in the South

Question 1

This chapter tells the story of the Powhatan confederacy to make the point that

A) Indians initially tolerated the first English settlers as allies against rival tribes, but the cultivation of . tobacco led to white land hunger that would destroy Indian power.
B) the initial English settlements at Virginia survived only because of the generous assistance provided by local Indian tribes.
C) Powhatan had no strategy to deal with the white "tribes" who invaded his domain, so he tried in vain to
organize an alliance to resist the English.
D)since the English colony was so self-sufficient, they felt no need to cultivate friendly relations with the
few scattered, unorganized tribal bands in the Chesapeake region.

Answer 1

Indians initially tolerated the first English settlers as allies against rival tribes, but the cultivation of . tobacco led to white land hunger that would destroy Indian power.

Question 2

Which of the following does NOT account for the desperate circumstances early in the Jamestown settlement?

A) the crops the colonists chose to raise
B) the location of the Jamestown fortifications
C) the colonists' willingness to cooperate
D) the agrarian skills of the colonists

Answer 2

the colonists' willingness to cooperate

Question 3

Which of the following is the best description of a "headright"?

A) the right of a free settler or sponsor of immigrants to receive 50 acres per person or head
B) the recognized right of the gentry class to rule
C) the right, according to European diplomacy, of the first nation to colonize a river valley to claim all . adjacent lands up to its headwaters
D) the absolute property right, according to English law, of a head of a household over his wife, children, servants, and slaves

Answer 3

the right of a free settler or sponsor of immigrants to receive 50 acres per person or head

Question 4

The king revoked the company's charter and made Virginia a royal colony in 1624 for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that

A) he wanted to keep all the colonies' profits for the royal treasury.
B) news of an Indian attack raised questions in England about the state of the colony.
C) an investigation revealed the horrible death rate for new arrivals.
D) the company was plunging toward bankruptcy.

Question 5

Regarding the consequences of the English Civil War of the mid-1600s, which of the following is NOT correctly stated?

A) The conflict distracted British authorities from attention to America, though they soon sought to
Exercise closer control over existing settlements.
B) England's internal upheaval had relatively little direct impact on the colonies after the monarchy was restored.
C) Radical puritans were soundly defeated in England.
D) Briefly, England was ruled not by a king but by Parliament leader Oliver Cromwell.

Question 6

The leaders of Chesapeake society by the end of the 1600s were able to foster greater unity and stability by all doing all of the following EXCEPT

A) relying more on slavery than servitude.
B) improving economic prospects for freed servants and small landowners.
C) accepting responsibility for the welfare of their social and economic inferiors.
D) giving more white males a vote in elections.

Question 7

What group was key to Spanish success in North America, both in the Southwest and Southeast?

A) Jesuits
B) conquistadors
C) Franciscans
D) Zunis

Question 8

The diverse colonial population of 1675 New Mexico included all of the following EXCEPT

A) mesoamericans.
B) mestizos.
C) mulattos.
D) Indian captives.

Question 9

What economic model did the colonists of Carolina use when establishing the colony?

A) subsistence crops tended by African slaves
B) trade in Indian slaves raided from Spanish Georgia
C) cash crops tended by African slaves
D) triangular trade involving molasses, rum, and African slaves

Question 10

In 1618, the Virginia Company began the tradition of self-government in America by authorizing a representative assembly called the ________.

Question 11

Describe Powhatan's reactions to the arrival of the English in the Chesapeake. Why did Powhatan allow the settlement at Jamestown to survive?

Question 12

What was mercantilism? Why did the logic of mercantilist ideas encourage King James to grant a charter to the Virginia Company?

Question 13

Discuss the causes of Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia. Compare and contrast the causes and character of that rebellion with the causes and character of Coode's Rebellion in Maryland.

Question 14

Describe how the Virginia colony was transformed from a colony in which most unfree laborers were white servants to one in which African slavery was firmly established.

Question 15

Consider the ways in which the character and composition of the African population and the institution of slavery in the Chesapeake changed between the middle of the seventeenth century and the early decades of the eighteenth century.

Question 16

What explains the greater stability of white society in South Carolina after about 1730?

Question 17

Why did Georgia's idealistic founders fail in their plan to create a small farmer's utopia?

Question 18

Compare and contrast the Spanish treatment of native peoples in the Southwest with relations between Indians and English settlers in the colonial American Southeast.

Question 19

Does the text's account of Powhatan's confederacy reinforce or contradict the notion of the Chesapeake Indians as "noble savages"
who lived a simpler life than did the Europeans who reached their shores? Explain why.

Question 20

Imagine that you were one of the leaders of the English settlement at Jamestown. What could you have done to lessen the hardships or to prevent the tragedies that took place during the first fifteen years of settlement?

Question 21

Without tobacco, the Virginia colony would never have survived. Make a case for this thesis, using what you know of the colony's history.

Question 22

Explain how sugar and tobacco played similar roles in Virginia and in the Caribbean colonies.

Question 23

Discuss and assess the following statement from the textbook: "All that saved white society in the Chesapeake from renewed crisis and conflict [after Bacon's and Coode's rebellions] was the growth of African slavery."

Question 24

Was it inevitable that African slavery emerged as the dominant labor system in the Chesapeake? In South Carolina? Could planters in either colony have adopted alternatives-free white workers? White indentured servants? Indian slaves or servants?

Question 25

Discuss the relationship that existed between the Spanish in the Southwest and the Pueblo Indians.
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