Deck 11: The Changing Family

Question 1

Kinship is more important in industrial societies than in preindustrial societies.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The decline in the two-parent nuclear family is due in part to a greater number of births among unmarried women.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In the United States, marriage is still a cultural imperative whereby most Americans view marriage as imperative to the life course.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The United States is the only industrial nation to experience dramatic changes in family life and structure in recent years.

Question 5

One reason for the increasing number of people who are postponing first-time marriages is that sexual relationships outside of marriage have become more socially acceptable.

Question 6

Many gay and lesbian couples consider themselves married and living in a lifelong commitment.

Question 7

If ex-spouses cooperate with each other and live in relatively close geographical proximity, joint custody of their children can minimize the disruption in their children's lives.

Question 8

Most pregnancies that occur in the United States are planned and intended.

Question 9

In the United States, and ideology of nonintervention drives outsiders who see signs of physical violence to become involved in family matters.

Question 10

Conflict and feminist theorists believe that families are a primary source of social inequality in societies.

Question 11

According to the text, the traditional definition of the family is a

A) relationship in which people live together with commitment, form an economic unit, and care for any young, and consider the group critical to their identity.
B) group of people who are related to one another by bonds of blood, marriage, or adoption and who live together, form an economic unit, and bear and raise children.
C) household partnerships in which couples live together in a committed, sexually intimate relationship.
D) couple living together with their biological children.

Question 12

Tom and Sherri are a man and wife who are married, cohabiting, and raising their three children together. This is an example of a(n)

A) nuclear family.
B) extended family.
C) domestic friendship.
D) same-sex relationship.

Question 13

Tom and Sherri are a man and wife who are married, cohabiting, and raising their three children together. Tom's mother and Sherri's father are also living in the same household with Tom, Sherri, and their children. This is an example of a(n)

A) nuclear family.
B) extended family.
C) domestic friendship.
D) same-sex relationship.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the change in the amount of married couples in the United States from 1970 to 2010?

A) A smaller percentage of Americans was married in 2010 than in 1970.
B) The same percentage of Americans was married in 1970 and 2010.
C) More Americans were married in 2010 than were married in 1970.
D) More Americans were married in 2010, but fewer had children.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes monogamy?

A) one of several legally sanctioned forms of marriage in the United States
B) increasingly being replaced by serial monogamy in the United States
C) viewed as an unnatural condition by many sociologists
D) a cultural requirement for all U.S. citizens

Question 16

Which of the following is a trend that has contributed to the lower marriage rate of African Americans compared to Latinos/as and whites?

A) More African-American females are college-educated and tend to make more money than African-American males.
B) More African-American females than African-American males marry members of other racial-ethnic groups.
C) Young African-American females are more likely than young African-American males to be the victims of homicide.
D) Young African-American females are more likely than young African-American males to engage in homosexual activity.

Question 17

One reason young people today are choosing to stay single for longer periods of time is that

A) the current economic prosperity makes marriage unnecessary.
B) women's decreasing participation in the labor force makes marriage more expensive.
C) sexual relationships outside of wedlock are less acceptable to today's younger generation.
D) the growing divorce rate makes marriage seem too risky.

Question 18

Jeff and Melinda have been living together as intimate partners for eight years but they are not legally married. This type of living arrangement is referred to as

A) cohabitation.
B) singlehood.
C) second shift.
D) a family of procreation.

Question 19

Both spouses are employed in the labor force in what percentage of all U.S. marriages?

A) 22
B) 40
C) 57
D) 95

Question 20

Marriages in which both spouses work in the labor force are known as

A) second shift mates.
B) dual-earner marriages.
C) two-parent households.
D) egalitarian relationships.

Question 21

The domestic work that many employed women perform at home after completing their work day on the job is known as

A) the second shift.
B) dual-earner burden.
C) one-parent household.
D) egalitarian work.

Question 22

In which of the following types of families do the partners share power and authority equally?

A) one-parent household
B) authoritative family
C) dual-earner marriage
D) egalitarian family

Question 23

According to some researchers, which of the following is a benefit of growing up in a one-parent family?

A) The child learns independence early.
B) The child has poor academic achievement.
C) The child is less likely to have a teen pregnancy.
D) The child is more likely to engage in drug use.

Question 24

Which of the following statements regarding contraception and abortion is accurate?

A) The ban on abortion in the 1800s prevented all women from obtaining the operation.
B) Physicians began to crusade against abortion in the 1800s because most procedures were done by people who lacked medical training.
C) The limited availability of contraceptives in the late 1800s prevented wealthy women from using birth control.
D) In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Court ruled that laws prohibiting the use of contraception by married couples did not violate the constitutional right to privacy.

Question 25

By the age of 45, about what percentage of U.S. women experience an unintended pregnancy?

A) 5
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75

Question 26

In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that

A) women have a right to privacy in contraceptive matters.
B) women have a constitutionally protected right to choose abortion at any time during a pregnancy.
C) the state cannot unduly interfere with, or prohibit, women's right to have an abortion.
D) laws prohibiting the use of contraception by married couples violated their constitutional right to privacy.

Question 27

Which of the following statements regarding infertility is accurate?

A) Infertility is an inability to conceive after a year of unprotected sexual relations.
B) The causes of infertility are impossible to determine most of the time.
C) Disabilities are a leading cause of infertility among women.
D) Conventional, relatively low-tech treatments help all infertile couples to conceive.

Question 28

Which of the following statements about adoption is true?

A) Adopted children must use the birth certificate created at their birth.
B) Adopted children receive all the rights of biological children.
C) Children can only be adopted by a married, heterosexual couple.
D) More infants are available for adoption now than ever before in history.

Question 29

Which of the following is the best definition of the family of orientation?

A) the family in which a person is born and in which early socialization takes place
B) the family that a person forms by having or adopting children
C) a family on which a person bases his or her idea of the ideal family
D) a family made up of two parents and multiple children from previous marriages

Question 30

Approximately what percentage of teenagers who give birth for the first time between ages 15 and 19 will have a second child within three years?

A) 14
B) 43
C) 62
D) 89

Question 31

Which of the following contributes to the likelihood of becoming divorced?

A) being too old at the time of marriage
B) having less than a high school education
C) approval by one's parents and family
D) having no children at the time of marriage

Question 32

You visit a close friend who recently got remarried and wants you to meet her newborn daughter. Also in attendance are your friend's children from a previous marriage and their stepbrothers. This type of family unit is known as a(n)

A) blended family.
B) no-fault divorce.
C) irreconcilable difference.
D) second-shift family.

Question 33

Which of the following is the most frequent form of child maltreatment?

A) physical abuse
B) verbal abuse
C) sexual assault
D) child neglect

Question 34

Which of the following statements about intimate partner abuse is accurate?

A) Most cases involve a man beating a woman.
B) Men are as likely to be the victims of domestic violence as women, but men are less likely to report their victimization because of male socialization.
C) Injuries sustained by victims of intimate partner abuse usually are less serious than injuries sustained in most rapes, robberies, and aggravated assaults.
D) Intimate partner abuse occurs mostly in safe houses.

Question 35

A woman is forced by her husband to have sex against her will. This is woman is a victim of

A) domestic partnership.
B) reproductive freedom.
C) child maltreatment.
D) marital rape.

Question 36

Sharon comes to work with bruises on her face. She covers them with makeup but they can still be seen. Sharon's coworkers notice her wince when she touches her side; however, no one asks Sharon what happened. Sharon's coworkers are demonstrating a(n)

A) family of procreation.
B) ideology of nonintervention.
C) functionalist perspective.
D) intimate partner neglect.

Question 37

Which of the following theorists believe that a division of labor in families contributes to greater efficiency in marriage and families?

A) Functionalist theorists
B) Conflict theorists
C) Interactionist theorists
D) Feminist theorists

Question 38

Conflict theorists suggest that women are like workers in a factory in that they

A) tell their children what to do.
B) are dominated by the men in the lives.
C) receive fair compensation for their years of work.
D) can be promoted to higher positions through hard work.

Question 39

Which of the following is seen as a way to strengthen the family, according to the functionalist perspective?

A) eradicating inequality in society
B) educating young people about contraception
C) making divorce harder to get
D) lowering our expectations of love and marriage

Question 40

Which of the following perspectives suggests that couples that have been together for a while create a shared reality?

A) Functionalist perspective
B) Conflict perspective
C) Symbolic interactionist perspective
D) Conservative perspective

Question 41

Describe three examples of the new patterns that have emerged within the institution of the family in the Unites States in the last 50 years.

Question 42

Construct a pie graph to show the make-up of the families in your life. List a sampling of the families you know (aim for 10 to 20) and classify them as one of the family types described in your text. How do the amounts in your pie graph compare to the amounts in the 2010 pie graph in the text?

Question 43

Assess the major reasons why people remain single and postpone first marriage for some period of time. To what extent do practices such as cohabitation and domestic partnerships create misleading statistics about the number of single people in this country? Explain.

Question 44

Evaluate the major forms of domestic violence, their consequences, and social responses. State what you think should be done to reduce this problem and explain why.

Question 45

Compare and contrast the functionalist solutions for reducing or eliminating family problems with the conflict and feminist solutions. Do you agree more with the functionalist solutions or the conflict and feminist solutions? Explain why.