Deck 9: Crime and Criminal Justice

Question 1

Many people gain much information about crime from the media.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The Uniform Crime Report includes all of the numbers of crimes committed each year in the United States.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Statistics on rape are the most accurate-more than statistics for many other crimes-because insurance companies require that claimants report the crime to the police.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Serial murder is the killing of four or more people at one time and in one place by the same person.

Question 5

Rape offenders and victims are usually of different races and classes.

Question 6

Larceny-theft excludes motor vehicle theft.

Question 7

Lower-income households experience higher rates of property crime than do higher-income households.

Question 8

Organized crime is confined primarily within U.S. borders.

Question 9

Fewer than half of all criminal cases are resolved by plea bargaining.

Question 10

Several states have ruled the death penalty unconstitutional.

Question 11

According to the Uniform Crime Report (UCR), overall rates of crime have

A) increased annually since 2000.
B) increased by more than 75%.
C) decreased by one-half.
D) decreased annually since 1991.

Question 12

Relatively minor crimes that are punishable by a fine or less than a year in jail are known as

A) mens rea.
B) misdemeanors.
C) felonies.
D) assaults.

Question 13

The definition of murder includes

A) killing in self-defense.
B) killing in wartime.
C) the unlawful, intentional killing of one person by another.
D) the unlawful, unintentional killing of one person by another.

Question 14

By definition, mass murder involves the killing of at least how many people at one time and in one place by the same person?

A) two
B) four
C) six
D) eight

Question 15

One study cited in the text referred to serial killers who kill to rid the community or the world of "undesirable" people as

A) power/control seekers.
B) missionaries.
C) visionaries.
D) hedonists.

Question 16

In most states, the legal age of consent concerning statutory rape laws is

A) between ages 12 and 14.
B) between ages 14 and 16.
C) between ages 16 and 18.
D) 18 and over.

Question 17

About how many people are in gangs today?

A) 50,000
B) 500,000
C) 1 million
D) 10 million

Question 18

Professional shoplifters who steal goods to sell to fences or pawnshops are known as

A) kleptomaniacs.
B) snitches.
C) boosters or heels.
D) larcenists.

Question 19

Burglary is defined as

A) the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.
B) the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft.
C) the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle.
D) the theft or attempted theft of farm equipment, airplanes, motorboats, jet skis, and other construction or recreational vehicles.

Question 20

According to the text, identity theft

A) is facilitated through stolen wallets/purses, mail, or computer information.
B) is an occupational crime.
C) occurs because banks do not have adequate security measures to protect credit card users.
D) has decreased.

Question 21

Which of the following accounts for nearly 90% of occupational frauds?

A) asset misappropriation
B) financial statement fraud
C) corruption schemes
D) bribery and extortion

Question 22

Ponzi schemes are which kind of fraud?

A) mass marketing fraud
B) insurance fraud
C) mortgage fraud
D) securities and commodities fraud

Question 23

Drug trafficking, prostitution, and money laundering are typically related to which kind of crime?

A) occupational
B) street
C) organized
D) corporate

Question 24

Which term is sometimes used to refer to a juvenile who is still maturing as an individual and might benefit from rehabilitation, rather than punishment, as a response to the offense with which the young person may have been charged?

A) mens rea
B) mea culpa
C) diminished moral culpability
D) positivist juvenile

Question 25

Which part of the brain is most closely associated with violent behavior?

A) cortex
B) brain stem
C) basal ganglia
D) cerebellum

Question 26

The most enduring psychological explanations of delinquency and crime seem to be the ones that bridge the biological explanations by linking crime and

A) personality disorders.
B) intelligence.
C) social learning.
D) aggression.

Question 27

Strain theory and control theory are

A) functionalist perspectives.
B) conflict perspectives.
C) feminist perspectives.
D) symbolic interactionist perspectives.

Question 28

According to Robert Merton, which of the following accept society's goals, but use illegitimate means to achieve them?

A) conformists
B) innovators
C) ritualists
D) rebels

Question 29

The liberal feminist framework focuses on women's delinquency and crime as a rational response to

A) gender discrimination.
B) economic inequality.
C) patriarchy.
D) racism.

Question 30

Differential association theory and labeling theory are

A) feminist theories.
B) functionalist theories.
C) symbolic interactionist theories.
D) conflict theories.

Question 31

Seeking to reduce criminal activity by instilling fear of punishment is known as

A) rehabilitation.
B) deterrence.
C) social protection.
D) retribution.

Question 32

Some analysts believe that mandatory minimum sentencing has reduced the role of whom?

A) prosecutors
B) judges and juries
C) police and other law enforcement
D) defense attorneys

Question 33

Critics who protest the use of police control and surveillance, especially in minority and low-income areas, oppose

A) the functionalist perspective.
B) the symbolic interactionist perspective.
C) the feminist perspective.
D) the conflict perspective.

Question 34

Critics who point out the crimes committed by wealthy most likely oppose which approach?

A) symbolic interactionist
B) functionalist
C) Marxist
D) socialist

Question 35

Critics who point out the lack of funding for improving schools, creating jobs, and improving housing most likely oppose which approach?

A) conflict
B) functionalist
C) symbolic interactionist
D) fundamentalist

Question 36

Those who assert the importance of diverse perspectives in reducing crime are

A) liberal feminists.
B) radical feminists.
C) social constructionists.
D) social realists.

Question 37

Overcrowded prisons and rates of plea bargaining indicate that

A) more people are committing all kinds of crime.
B) the rates of violent crime are rising.
C) some courts use shaming penalties.
D) most offenders will not serve their entire sentences.

Question 38

Which approach to solving violence might include having police officers work with school children to teach them about the importance of abiding by the law?

A) feminist
B) symbolic interactionist
C) conflict
D) functionalist

Question 39

A criminal who enters a home through an open window and steals jewelry, cash, and electronics has committed

A) robbery.
B) burglary.
C) grand theft.
D) aggravated assault.

Question 40

James is age 65 and uses email to communicate with friends and family. He has recently paid a "fee" to win a chance to win an online sweepstakes, but he has yet to see any winnings. James is most likely the victim of

A) money laundering.
B) insurance fraud.
C) mass marketing fraud.
D) securities and commodities fraud.

Question 41

Discuss how and why the criminal justice system may be part of the problem of crime rather than part of the solution.

Question 42

Compare and contrast occupational crime and corporate crime. Which type typically has the most widespread consequences? Explain your answer.

Question 43

Describe the reasons that murder is so newsworthy. What does media coverage of murder indicate about the viewing population?

Question 44

Describe the weaknesses of functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interactionist solutions to crime.

Question 45

Is crime an inevitable part of society? Justify your answer.