Deck 3: Inclusive Programs for Young Children

Question 1

To be developmentally appropriate and inclusive, early childhood programs are usually large centers.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Inclusive programs for young children must be licensed facilities.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Child care centers, gymnastics programs, and recreational programs can be inclusive.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

For a program to be inclusive, it must be federally funded.

Question 5

NAEYC's guidelines for developmentally appropriate practice include cultural and social
contexts.

Question 6

Accommodations must be made for all children-except children who are blind or low vision-in a child care setting.

Question 7

Normalization refers to providing opportunities for individuals with disabilities to go to school and participate in educational experiences like children and youth without disabilities.

Question 8

A responsive environment does not actively engage a child or respond to the child.

Question 9

In an inclusive family child care home, the provider may or may not be related to the child.

Question 10

Child care homes can be regulated or unregulated depending on the state governing programs.

Question 11

The dominant principles of the National Association for the Education of Young Children's guidelines are:

A) individually and developmentally appropriate for the age of the child.
B) developmental according to the child care setting.
C) age-appropriate, individually appropriate, and responsive to cultural and social contexts.
D) that all children must be educated in a structured, age-appropriate setting.

Question 12

What is an essential element of any quality early childhood program?

A) The program makes appropriate accommodations to ensure the development of all children.
B) The program accommodates typical children in an enriched learning environment.
C) The program provides instruction in pre-academics.
D) The program has a special education teacher available for special children with disabilities and for communication with parents.

Question 13

The concept of developmentally appropriate practice challenges practitioners to:

A) provide activities that meet the needs of individual children.
B) provide materials and activities for a child appropriate for the child's chronological age.
C) provide the same activities and materials for all the children.
D) provide activities that meet the needs of most of the children in the age group.

Question 14

The types of programs that provide inclusive care are:

A) family homes and corporate child care, not private centers.
B) nonprofit child care centers only.
C) family- and center-based care, corporate child care, and public and private preschools.
D) Head Start programs for children who are eligible.

Question 15

A program is considered family-centered when it

A) is designed for the child and family.
B) includes the family in planning field trips.
C) is designed with the family and child in mind.
D) changes as the child grows.

Question 16

Multicultural emphasis in a quality program includes which of the following?

A) Respecting the different needs and value systems of children and families
B) Practicing culturally sensitive communications
C) Celebrating family uniqueness, including ethnic, linguistic, and racial differences
D) Developing programs that are culturally competent

Question 17

A five-year-old with severe disabilities should be

A) excluded from a typical kindergarten classroom for safety concerns.
B) expertly using materials that are appropriate for their developmental age.
C) encouraged to act like a typical five-year-old.
D) exploring environments that are typical for all five-year-old children.

Question 18

An enabling environment for an infant encourages which of the following?

A) It encourages the infant to respond and adapt to environmental experiences.
B) It encourages the autonomy of the infant by avoiding attachment.
C) It encourages the development of the infant by homeopathic methods.
D) It encourages a sense of control in the caregiver.

Question 19

An appropriately responsive environment:

A) encourages children to have free access to all toys.
B) allows the caregiver to ignore the infants when they are crying.
C) engages children during group play time.
D) encourages and supports active exploration.

Question 20

Some safe objects for an infant and toddler program include which of the following?

A) Balls of all sizes
B) Nesting toys
C) Mirrors
D) Crayons

Question 21

Why are many community preschool center programs referred to as parent cooperative (co-op) programs?

A) They are often associated with community college programs.
B) Fees are paid by the parents.
C) The programs rely heavily on parent participation and support.
D) Classes are taught by parents.

Question 22

The primary recommendation of the DEC/NAEYC Joint Position Paper on Inclusion (2009) is embodied in which statement?

A) To provide the ongoing support of an inclusion specialist who provides recommendations and assists the staff with developing strategies to meet the needs of the child
B) To provide individualized therapy such as speech, occupational therapy, or physical therapy
C) To ensure the support of a paraprofessional to help adapt curriculum or facilitate social interactions
D) To establish a system of services and supports that reflects the needs of children with varying types of disabilities

Question 23

The right of a child with disabilities to have access to the same experiences as all young children is described by which term?

A) Normalization
B) Developmentally/chronologically age-appropriate practices
C) Quality programming
D) Best practice

Question 24

When a staff member shares important information with parents about their children or responds respectfully to parents' questions, comments, and concerns, what does this signify?

A) Demonstrative relationship
B) Caring relationship
C) Sharing relationship
D) Reciprocal relationship

Question 25

What cause does Blaustein (2005) identify as having the detrimental effect of leading early childhood educators to use inappropriate curriculum strategies?

A) Children's readiness
B) Required testing that sets unrealistic academic goals
C) Observational assessment
D) Instructional strategies

Question 26

What focus do teachers need to be aware of as children transition into elementary school?

A) Promoting a positive climate for learning
B) Building a democratic community
C) Social development
D) Classroom with rules

Question 27

Programs that employ multiple staff members and care for a larger number of children are called:

A) recreation programs.
B) family child care.
C) community-based preschools.
D) child care centers.

Question 28

Drew is diagnosed as having Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). He is accompanied by a paraprofessional on the days he attends his neighborhood preschool. The paraprofessional helps him transition from activity to activity and interact with his peers. This is an example of a support a child may need to be successful in an inclusive environment.

Question 29

Rebecca is hard of hearing. Her teacher wears a voice amplifier to help her voice carry across the classroom. The speech therapist has trained the teacher in its use and has also taught her how to look for signs that may indicate Rebecca is unable to hear. This is an example of what type of support?

A) Paraprofessional
B) Individualized speech therapy
C) Curriculum modification
D) Staff development

Question 30

Neil has Down syndrome and is in a general education first-grade classroom at his neighborhood school. His mother is attending the IEP meeting, where she will meet with the speech therapist, occupational therapist, behavior specialist, resource specialist, and his general education classroom teacher. This is an example of what type of recommended practice?

A) Developmentally appropriate
B) Family-centered
C) Cross-disciplinary
D) Multicultural

Question 31

Classroom material, activities, and curricula that acknowledge and respect the different ethnicities represented in the classroom and community are referred to as:

A) normalized.
B) family-centered.
C) culturally competent.
D) cross-disciplinary.

Question 32

According to the NAEYC, children birth to age two develop best when they have which of the following?

A) At least some time in care outside the home
B) Consistent relationships
C) Adults who make choices for them
D) Sporadic developmental therapy

Question 33

Creating a caring community of learners underscores which of the following?

A) Having regular play dates increases social skills
B) Providing field trips enhances the curriculum
C) Everyone benefits when everyone is successful
D) Sharing information with parents forms a stronger bond

Question 34

Emphasis on exploration, spontaneity, self-expression, and appreciation, rather than on completing a specific product project or learning a specific tune, is a description of:

A) physical development.
B) social development.
C) aesthetic development.
D) literacy development.

Question 35

According to Walker, Ramsey & Gresham (2003), school-aged children who have trouble making friends are more likely to:

A) be diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
B) have academic challenges as adolescents.
C) be referred for special education.
D) have self-control.

Question 36

Teachers must consider the impact of groupings and scheduling on classroom communities and membership. If class sharing is always scheduled at the same time each day, a child who leaves daily for speech therapy will always miss a chance to share. This is an example of:

A) enhancing development and learning.
B) an integrated curriculum.
C) creating a caring community.
D) an appropriate curriculum.

Question 37

Which type of early childhood program usually consists of one provider taking care of a small number of children?

A) Preschool
B) Center child care
C) Family child care
D) University affiliated facilities

Question 38

According to the text, which of the following is one of the major distinctions between child care and preschool programs?

A) The location of the program
B) The number of staff
C) The length of the program day
D) The quality of staff

Question 39

Which of the following early childhood programs requires parents to participate in the program on a regular basis and provide support in other ways?

A) Corporate child care
B) Cooperative preschool
C) Public preschool
D) Center child care

Question 40

Practices, strategies, and techniques used in early childhood education (ECE) and early childhood special education (ECSE) must be supported by:

A) a specialist.
B) a paraprofessional.
C) family uniqueness.
D) empirical research.

Question 41

Cross-disciplinary practices include:

A) a multicultural perspective.
B) professionals from different disciplines.
C) practices designed with a family.
D) cultural competence.

Question 42

Sally is a child with spina bifida who participates in swimming lessons alongside her same-aged peers who are typically developing at a community pool. This is an example of:

A) research- based practice.
B) family-centered practice.
C) cross-disciplinary practice.
D) normalized practice.

Question 43

A child under age three should not have access to items smaller than what?

A) The caregiver's fist
B) The child's fist
C) An orange
D) One inch

Question 44

Which term is used to describe an environment that supports a child's efforts to explore and discover through interactions with others, play materials, and activities?

A) Enabling environment
B) Intentional environment
C) Normalized environment
D) Responsive learning environment

Question 45

Formalized instruction in reading and writing is considered appropriate for a preschool classroom.

Question 46

Because children in primary grades can sit for longer periods of time, they no longer need to engage in unstructured play activities.

Question 47

Appropriate environments for preschool children provide which of the following?

A) Product-based art projects
B) Staff-directed problem solving
C) Literacy development
D) Regular handwriting practice

Question 48

An integrated curriculum does what?

A) Establishes boundaries between academic areas
B) Teaches in an abstract context
C) Focuses on students completing worksheets
D) Includes collaborative projects

Question 49

Assessments that are ongoing and used to shape programs and interventions are called:

A) observational.
B) formative.
C) integrative.
D) developmentally inappropriate.

Question 50

Most public preschools were designed initially as special education programs.

Question 51

A program that encourages children with disabilities to be educated with their age-mate peers is _____ age-appropriate.

A) chronologically
B) biologically
C) developmentally
D) sequentially

Question 52

The relationship between _____ is an essential element of an inclusive program.

A) the caregiver and the infant
B) the parents and health care providers
C) the parents and the infant
D) the caregiver and the parents

Question 53

Describe four places where early childhood inclusive programs may exist.

Question 54

Explain what the NAEYC's definition of developmentally appropriate practice means by "significant practices."

Question 55

Summarize the essential components of any inclusive quality early childhood program.

Question 56

Explain at least four of the six general principles used to identify best early childhood education practices for working with children who have disabilities.

Question 57

Explain what is significant about corporate child care from an employer's perspective.

Question 58

List the essential elements for quality early childhood programs serving children up to age two.

Question 59

List the essential elements for quality early childhood education programs serving children ages three to five.

Question 60

Summarize five ways a teacher can make their classroom an inclusive setting.