Deck 6: Physical and Cognitivedevelopment in Early Childhood

Question 1

At what age can the average child begin to draw multi-unit compositions?

A) 2 to 3 years
B) 3 to 4 years
C) 4 to 5 years
D) 5 to 7 years

Answer 1

5 to 7 years

Question 2

Which line of evidence presents a challenge to Piaget's original notion of egocentrism?

A) Children as young as 2 or 3 adapt their speech to the demands of a companion, demonstrating their ability to adopt the perspective of another person
B) Ten-year-olds appreciate that their parents and teachers see the world differently than they do
C) Infants master egocentrism tasks before they acquire object permanence
D) Children can only understand the world from their own point of view

Answer 2

Children as young as 2 or 3 adapt their speech to the demands of a companion, demonstrating their ability to adopt the perspective of another person

Question 3

John Flavell proposed two levels of perspective-taking ability. Level 1, which occurs around the ages of 2 or 3, involves which ability?

A) Children recognize that an object placed out of sight continues to exist, even without direct perception of the object.
B) Children know that other people experience things differently, but they lack rules for determining precisely what another person experiences.
C) Children at Level 1 understand that a person feels happy if she or he succeeds and sad if she or he fails.
D) Children acquire complex rules in order to deduce what another person sees or experiences from that person's perspective.

Answer 3

Children know that other people experience things differently, but they lack rules for determining precisely what another person experiences.

Question 4

In general, recent research on egocentrism indicates that

A) egocentric thought does not develop until about age 9 or 10.
B) Piaget was correct in his assertions regarding the age ranges and limits of egocentric thought.
C) 5-year-olds are unable to distinguish between appearance and reality.
D) preschoolers are less limited by egocentric thought than Piaget originally concluded.

Question 5

Dr. Merkle is giving 5-year-old Dixie a pre-kindergarten physical examination. When Dr. Merkle asks Dixie to draw a picture of her house using crayons and colored pencils, Dixie's ________ are being assessed.

Question 6

Martin knows that he is good at solving logic puzzles. Martin's knowledge of his own cognitive abilities is called __________ .

Question 7

When Gaetano says, "I had two tooths fall out," he is using ________.

Question 8

Bertram is asked about what happens when people go to a restaurant. "You wait for a table, they bring you a menu, you pick what you want to eat and tell the server, then you wait a little bit, then they bring you the food, you eat it, and then you have to pay for it." Bertram shows evidence of having a cognitive __________ for this event.