Deck 11: Streams and Floods

Question 1

Where are stream loads deposited?

A) On the inside of a bend where velocity is lower
B) On the inside of a bend where the velocity is higher
C) On the outside of a bend where the velocity is lower
D) On the outside of a bend where the velocity is higher

Answer 1

On the inside of a bend where velocity is lower

Question 2

Where do stream channels experience the most erosion?

A) On the inside of a bend where velocity is lower
B) On the inside of a bend where the velocity is higher
C) On the outside of a bend where the velocity is lower
D) On the outside of a bend where the velocity is higher

Answer 2

On the outside of a bend where the velocity is higher

Question 3

Which statement about the stream cross-sectional velocity is true?

A) Velocity is lowest in the center where friction is highest.
B) Velocity is highest in the center where friction is lowest.
C) Velocity is lowest in the center where friction is lowest.
D) Velocity is highest in the center where friction is highest.

Answer 3

Velocity is highest in the center where friction is lowest.

Question 4

Which statement about lateral migration is true?

A) Streams migrate in the direction of erosion.
B) Streams migrate opposite the direction of erosion.
C) Streams migrate without regard to erosion.

Question 5

What direction is the stream flowing in this image?

A) East
B) West
C) No way to tell

Question 6

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 1. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 7

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 2. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 8

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 3. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 9

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 4. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 10

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 5. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 11

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 6. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 12

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 7. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 13

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 8. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 14

The following diagram illustrates the Hydrologic Cycle. Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram (note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).
Example: If you believe that water passes from clouds to streams by evaporation then choose answer a) for arrow 3.


-Match the letters below to the arrow on the diagram for number 10. (Note: some letters may be used for more than one arrow).

A) Evaporation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Runoff
E) Precipitation

Question 15

Use the Hydrologic Cycle diagram to answer this question.


-In a humid climate, which process contributes the greatest volume of water?

A) Arrow 3
B) Arrow 9
C) Arrow 10

Question 16

Use the Hydrologic Cycle diagram to answer this question.


-In an arid climate, which process contributes the greatest volume of water?

A) Arrow 3
B) Arrow 9
C) Arrow 10

Question 17

What happens to the volume of water that passes from groundwater to streams during a prolonged drought?

A) It increases
B) It decreases
C) No change

Question 18

-Why did the stream pattern shown above develop?

A) The surface geology is probably very uniform.
B) This is probably an area with alternating layers of weak and resistant rock.
C) This is probably a volcanic area.

Question 19

Use this stream-related diagram to answer the following questions.


-Where is the highest average stream velocity?

A) Point A
B) Point B
C) Point C

Question 20

Use this stream-related diagram to answer the following questions.


-Where is the highest gradient?

A) Point A
B) Point B
C) Point C

Question 21

Use this stream-related diagram to answer the following questions.


-Predict where channel roughness is greatest.

A) Point A
B) Point B
C) Point C

Question 22

Use the following idealized stream channel to answer this question.


-What is the discharge?

A) XYZ
B) XYY
C) X+Y+Y
D) X+Y+Z

Question 23

Use the following idealized stream channel to answer this question.


-What is the wetted perimeter?

A) XYZ
B) XYY
C) X+Y+Y
D) X+Y+Z

Question 24

Use the diagram to answer this question.


-Where is the cut bank?

A) Point a
B) Point b
C) Point c
D) Point d

Question 25

Use the diagram to answer this question.


-Where is the most deposition occurring?

A) Point a
B) Point b
C) Point c
D) Point d

Question 26

Use the diagram to answer this question.


-What happens when fresh water in an aquifer comes in contact with salt water?

A) The fresh water floats because it is usually less dense than salt water.
B) The fresh water floats because it is usually more dense than salt water.
C) The fresh water sinks because it is usually more dense than salt water.
D) The fresh water sinks because it is usually less dense than salt water.

Question 27

The following diagram illustrates streams in a set of drainage basins.


-All other variables related to stream size being equal, which stream in the diagram above will have the largest discharge?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D

Question 28

Globally, what is the largest source of fresh water?

A) Groundwater
B) Great Lakes
C) Glacial ice

Question 29

Suppose a stream flows from its headwaters, through a reservoir to its mouth in the Gulf of Mexico. Where is ultimate base level?

A) At the Gulf of Mexico
B) At the reservoir
C) At the headwaters

Question 30

-Which stream pattern would most likely develop based on the geology shown above?

A) Radial
B) Trellis
C) Dendritic

Question 31

-What can one deduce (figure out) about a region by analyzing stream patterns in an aerial photograph or a map?

A) The geology beneath a stream
B) The age of the stream
C) The discharge of a stream

Question 32

-What happens to the amount of stream discharge from the source to the mouth?

A) Increases
B) Decreases
C) Stays about the same

Question 33

-Which load is responsible for the most stream erosion?

A) Suspended load
B) Bed load
C) Dissolved load

Question 34

What principle type of load removes the material where there are caves?

A) Bed load
B) Suspended load
C) Dissolved load

Question 35

-In the diagram shown above, what direction would the stream (shown as a dashed line) flow? (Numbers represent elevation in meters above sea level.)

A) From A to C
B) From C to A
C) Away from B

Question 36

-For the diagram above, which stage would exhibit the largest discharge for the cross section of the stream assuming velocity is constant?

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.

Question 37

Which of the following is not a flood prevention measure?

A) Levees
B) Dams
C) Flood insurance

Question 38

-Use the data shown to determine recurrence intervals for the river. This river has had 39 floods over the past 100 years. What is the recurrence interval for the 10th ranked flood?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5

Question 39

Most rivers flow from north to south in the northern hemisphere which is opposite that of the southern hemisphere.

Question 40

Liquid water can exist at 0° C.

Question 41

The headwaters of a stream are where it empties to local or ultimate base level.

Question 42

Flood plains are depositional features.

Question 43

Construction of an asphalt parking lot at a mall is likely to increase local flooding by increasing infiltration rates.

Question 44

Floods usually only affect human development in flood plains.

Question 45

Floods can occur in winter.

Question 46

Wetlands help to minimize the effects flooding.

Question 47

Floods only occur when there is excessive short-term precipitation or a dam failure.

Question 48

Flood insurance prevents losses from floods.