Deck 2: Bacteria

Question 1

A bacterial toxin with superantigen activity is produced by

A) Clostridium tetani
B) Bordetella pertussis
C) Escherichia coli
D) Staphylococcus aureus
E) Vibrio cholerae

Answer 1

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 2

Sugar transport into bacteria is frequently facilitated by

A) Acetyltransferase
B) Neuraminidases
C) Oxidases
D) Penicillin-binding proteins
E) Phosphotransferases

Answer 2

Phosphotransferases

Question 3

Thayer-Martin and Martin-Lewis media are used to isolate and identify

A) E. coli
B) Mycobacteria
C) Neisseria
D) Salmonella
E) Shigella

Answer 3

Neisseria

Question 4

$\beta-$ lactamases confer antibiotic resistance by

A) Altering antibiotic permeability
B) Altering penicillin-binding proteins
C) Altering 70S ribosome structure
D) Modifying cellular RNA polymerase
E) Modifying antibiotic structure

Question 5

Polymers of N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid are found in which of the following structures?

A) Teichoic acid
B) Cell wall
C) Glycocalyx
D) Lipopolysaccharide

Question 6

A phage that is not inactivated by proteases is called a

A) Prophage
B) Virulent phage
C) Temperate phage
D) Filamentous phage

Question 7

Bacteria that synthesize organic compounds from inorganic compounds are

A) Heterotrophs
B) Obligate anaerobes
C) Aerobes
D) Facultative anaerobes
E) Autotrophs

Question 8

A bacterial structure involved in adherence is

A) Capsule
B) Lipopolysaccharide
C) Common pili
D) O-specific side chain
E) Teichoic acid

Question 9

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are

A) Bactericidal for Gram-positive bacteria
B) Inactivated by R-factor phosphotransferases
C) Mycolic acid synthesis inhibitors
D) Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitors
E) Items that require bacterial growth for the effect

Question 10

A-B subunit structure as it relates to bacterial pathogenesis refers to the structure of

A) Bacterial exotoxins
B) Gram-negative bacteria endotoxin
C) Nucleic acid inhibitor antibiotics
D) Penicillin-binding proteins
E) Resistance transfer factors

Question 11

Which of the following displays the Pasteur effect?

A) Heterotrophs
B) Obligate anaerobes
C) Aerobes
D) Facultative anaerobes
E) Autotrophs

Question 12

Which of the following toxins acts on synaptosomes?

A) E. coli heat-labile toxin
B) Clostridium tetani exotoxin
C) Corynebacterium diphtheriae exotoxin
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin
E) Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin

Question 13

Superoxide dismutase-containing bacteria

A) Need superoxide to grow
B) Are frequently obligate anaerobes
C) Grow slowly in the presence of $CO_2$
D) Produce hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen ion and the superoxide free radical $({O_2}^{\cdot-})$

Question 14

Lysogenic phage conversion involves

A) The transformation of a virulent phage to a lysogenic phage
B) A change in bacterial phenotype due to the presence of a prophage
C) The conversion of a prophage to a temperate phage
D) The incorporation of a prophage into the bacterial chromosome

Question 15

Bacteria capable of growth in a high salt concentration are best isolated in which of the following media?

A) Minimal growth media
B) Complex growth media
C) Differential growth media
D) Selective growth media

Question 16

Bacteria lacking superoxide dismutase are

A) Heterotrophs
B) Obligate anaerobes
C) Aerobes
D) Facultative anaerobes
E) Autotrophs

Question 17

The regulation of enzyme activity in bacterial cells can

A) Be coupled to the binding of effector molecules
B) Be controlled by a catabolite activator protein (CAP)
C) Occur via attenuation sequences
D) Involve inducer molecules

Question 18

The plasma membrane

A) Contains matrix porins
B) Includes endotoxin
C) Contains glycocalyx
D) Contains the enzymes involved in bacterial oxidative phosphorylation

Question 19

Bacterial antibiotic resistance is frequently conveyed by

A) A temperate bacteriophage
B) An R-factor plasmid
C) A replicon
D) A lytic bacteriophage
E) An intron

Question 20

The expression of the lac operon

A) Must be initiated by the binding of an inducer protein
B) Involves the release of allolactose from a repressor protein
C) Does not involve the expression of structural genes
D) Necessitates the finding of RNA polymerase followed by transcription

Question 21

Bacteriophage containing host-cell DNA is involved in which of the following processes?

A) Transformation
B) Conjugation
C) Transduction
D) Transcription
E) Recombination

Question 22

The exchange of allelic forms of genes is involved in which of the following processes?

A) Transformation
B) Conjugation
C) Transduction
D) Transcription
E) Recombination

Question 23

Which of the following processes creates high-frequency recombination donors?

A) Transformation
B) Conjugation
C) Transduction
D) Transcription
E) Recombination
F) Translation

Question 24

Toxins of enterotoxic Gram-negative bacteria are transferred outside of the cell by

A) ATP-activated pores
B) GTP-coupled transporters
C) PBPs
D) Pili
E) Protein secretion systems

Question 25

A mutation which rarely disrupts gene product function is a

A) Deletion
B) Frameshift
C) Insertion
D) Nonsense
E) Nucleotide substitution