Deck 13: Cancer

Question 1

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by

A) high death rates.
B) damaged heart and lung tissue.
C) the growth and spread of abnormal cells.
D) multiple impairments of the immune system.

Answer 1

the growth and spread of abnormal cells.

Question 2

Abnormal tissue growth is called a neoplasm or

A) tumor.
B) metastasis.
C) lymph node.
D) mole.

Answer 2

tumor.

Question 3

Tumors containing cancerous cells are called

A) benign.
B) malignant.
C) metastatic.
D) superficial.

Answer 3

malignant.

Question 4

Cancer cells spread through the body via the bloodstream and the ________ system.

A) pulmonary
B) lymphatic
C) respiratory
D) nervous

Question 5

The surgical removal of tissue to determine whether cancer cells are present is a procedure known as

A) a Pap test.
B) cancer staging.
C) a biopsy.
D) a PSA test.

Question 6

The process by which cancer cells spread throughout the body is

A) hyperpolarization.
B) replication.
C) metastasis.
D) homeostasis.

Question 7

Normal cells can become cancerous through damage to

A) mitochondria.
B) DNA.
C) the cell membrane.
D) RNA.

Question 8

Agents that cause cancer are called

A) environmental toxins.
B) carcinogens.
C) transcription factors.
D) teratogens.

Question 9

The most common type of cancer is

A) prostate cancer.
B) lung cancer.
C) breast cancer.
D) skin cancer.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a warning sign for skin cancer?

A) a sore that doesn't heal
B) redness around a mole
C) itchy skin
D) cold skin

Question 11

Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths. Current screening guidelines encourage adults to begin regular screening at age ________, or younger if at high risk.

A) age 55
B) age 50
C) age 45
D) age 40

Question 12

A growth in the mucous membrane of the colon that can be a precursor of cancer is called a(n)

A) skin tag.
B) polyp.
C) tumor.
D) ulcer.

Question 13

The most common screening test for breast cancer is a(n)

A) biopsy.
B) colonoscopy.
C) mammogram.
D) angiogram.

Question 14

Which of the following practices is most effective in reducing the risk of skin cancer?

A) restricting beach time to before 2:00 pm
B) using tanning beds or booths only once a week
C) using adequate sunscreen during sun exposure
D) using moisturizing lotion or balm after sun exposure

Question 15

Sunscreens help protect skin from ________ radiation.

A) ultraviolet
B) infrared
C) fluorescent
D) gamma

Question 16

It is recommended that prior to sun exposure you apply a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of at least

A) 10.
B) 15.
C) 25.
D) 30.

Question 17

The "A" in the ABCD rule for examining moles stands for

A) abscess.
B) asymmetry.
C) acne lesion.
D) anomaly.

Question 18

The "B" in the ABCD rule for examining moles stands for

A) bleeding.
B) benign.
C) border.
D) basal.

Question 19

The "C" in the ABCD rule for examining moles stands for

A) color.
B) crust.
C) change.
D) carcinoma.

Question 20

The "D" in the ABCD rule for examining moles stands for

A) diameter.
B) dermis.
C) dimension.
D) differentiation.

Question 21

Human papillomavirus is strongly linked to the development of ________ cancer.

A) ovarian
B) breast
C) cervical
D) skin

Question 22

Cancer of the blood is termed

A) anemia.
B) melanoma.
C) lymphoma.
D) leukemia.

Question 23

The most common type of uterine cancer is

A) ovarian cancer.
B) endometrial cancer.
C) cervical cancer.
D) fallopian cancer.

Question 24

The second most common type of cancer in women is

A) breast cancer.
B) uterine cancer.
C) cervical cancer.
D) lung cancer.

Question 25

More than ________ of lung cancer cases are linked to smoking.

A) 70%
B) 75%
C) 80%
D) 85%

Question 26

Approximately 80% of all cancers are related to ________ and behavioral and environmental factors.

A) age
B) heredity
C) lifestyle
D) race/ethnicity

Question 27

Which of the following is not a risk factor for cancer?

A) radiation
B) tobacco use
C) excessive alcohol use
D) heart disease

Question 28

Which of the following, when produced in large quantities, promote the development of cancer by damaging DNA?

A) melanomas
B) carcinogens
C) antioxidants
D) free radicals

Question 29

Consuming a high-fiber diet is a good idea for many reasons, but most specifically because it has been shown to reduce the risk of ________ cancer.

A) liver
B) stomach
C) colorectal
D) pancreatic

Question 30

People who work in or near plants that use industrial chemicals can contact the ________ for detailed information on the carcinogenic risks of various industrial agents.

A) Occupational Safety and Health Administration
B) Environmental Protection Agency
C) US Department of Agriculture
D) National Institutes of Health

Question 31

Cancer is the number-one cause of death in the United States.

Question 32

Cancer involves an abnormal growth of cells.

Question 33

A potential sign of skin cancer is a sore that doesn't heal.

Question 34

Each year, more women die of breast cancer than of lung cancer.

Question 35

Breast cancer can occur in men as well as in women.

Question 36

Across the life span, white women are more likely to develop breast cancer than women in any other racial or ethnic group.

Question 37

Breast cancers are usually discovered through doctors' examinations.

Question 38

Testicular cancer is one of the most common cancers in younger men.

Question 39

The key to surviving testicular cancer is early detection.

Question 40

Tobacco use is the single largest cause of cancer deaths.

Question 41

Diet is implicated in 60% of all cancers in women and approximately 40% of cancers in men.

Question 42

For long-term smokers, it is always too late to quit smoking because the damage is already done.

Question 43

Smokeless tobacco does not increase the risk of developing cancer.

Question 44

The antioxidant vitamins C and D may reduce the risk of cancer.

Question 45

Vitamins A, C, and E are commonly called free radicals.

Question 46

Diet is probably the most important behavioral factor in controlling the risk of cancer.

Question 47

Free radicals can promote cancer by damaging DNA in cells.

Question 48

Hispanic men are 50% more likely to develop prostate cancer than men in any other ethnic or racial group.

Question 49

Exercise has been shown to increase the risk of certain types of cancers.

Question 50

Ultraviolet light is damaging to the skin only during extended sun exposure, as occurs during a day at the beach.

Question 51

Research has shown no link between viruses and cancer.

Question 52

The seven warning signs of cancer serve as a tool for early detection of various types of cancers.

Question 53

Briefly discuss the incidence of cancer in the United States.

Question 54

Describe the process of cancer development. Include important terms related to cancer growth and types of tumors.

Question 55

What is the mnemonic device for remembering the seven warning signs of cancer? List the seven warning signs of cancer.

Question 56

Identify the most common types of cancer.

Question 57

Name and briefly describe three screening or diagnostic tests used for detecting or diagnosing cancer.

Question 58

Identify important cancer risk factors and differentiate between those that can be controlled or modified and those that cannot be controlled.

Question 59

List five ways to reduce your risk of developing cancer.