Deck 10: Preventing Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

The number-one cause of death globally is

A) AIDS.
B) cancer.
C) cardiovascular disease.
D) accidents.

Answer 1

cardiovascular disease.

Question 2

Which of the following is not considered a cardiovascular disease?

A) diabetes
B) stroke
C) hypertension
D) arteriosclerosis

Answer 2

diabetes

Question 3

What is arteriosclerosis?

A) a disease related to high blood glucose
B) narrowing of the arteries
C) a type of myocardial infarction
D) a blood clot in the brain

Answer 3

narrowing of the arteries

Question 4

When the vessels that supply the heart are blocked due to plaque, the condition is termed

A) a stroke.
B) hardening of the arteries.
C) coronary heart disease.
D) hypertension.

Question 5

Chest pain due to a reduction in blood flow to the heart is called

A) hypertension.
B) myocardial infarction.
C) angina pectoris.
D) atherosclerosis.

Question 6

If you experience heart attack symptoms for two minutes or more, what should you do?

A) Lie down until the pain goes away.
B) Call a family member or friend.
C) Call 911 or local emergency medical service.
D) Take one or two baby aspirin.

Question 7

Stroke is due to a blockage of

A) a coronary artery.
B) blood flow to the brain.
C) nerve sensations on one side of the body.
D) blood flow to the lower extremities.

Question 8

________ results in the death of brain cells.

A) Hypertension
B) Stroke
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Coronary heart disease

Question 9

Which of the following is not a common sign of a heart attack?

A) pressure or pain in the chest
B) pain in the shoulder, neck, or arm
C) chills and fever
D) nausea

Question 10

________ is known as "the silent killer."

A) Arrhythmia
B) Obesity
C) Hypertension
D) Atherosclerosis

Question 11

The American Heart Association estimates that approximately one in ________ people suffers from hypertension.

A) two
B) three
C) five
D) ten

Question 12

A series of irregular heartbeats is known as

A) myocardial infarction.
B) arrhythmia.
C) angina pectoris.
D) atherosclerosis.

Question 13

Jesse has recently been diagnosed with moderately high blood pressure. His doctor suggests that he first try to modify some behaviors instead of beginning blood pressure medication right away. Which is the best change Jesse can make to start to reduce his blood pressure?

A) Stop eating fast food for lunch.
B) Eat more fresh fruit and vegetables.
C) Start drinking water with every meal.
D) Stop drinking tea at breakfast.

Question 14

Which of the following factors is considered to be a major risk factor for heart disease?

A) smoking
B) alcohol consumption
C) work-related stress
D) a low-fat diet

Question 15

What is the daily requirement of sodium for most people?

A) 250 mg
B) 500 mg
C) 1,000 mg
D) 1,500 mg

Question 16

Alejandro had his cholesterol checked recently. His results showed a total blood cholesterol concentration of 260 mg/dL. Based on these results, what is his risk of developing CHD?

A) no risk
B) low risk
C) moderate risk
D) high risk

Question 17

Which of the following major risk factors for cardiovascular disease cannot be modified by behavior?

A) age
B) smoking
C) physical inactivity
D) hypertension

Question 18

Which blood test is used to identify chronic inflammation in the body that indicates an increased risk for cardiovascular disease?

A) C-reactive protein
B) fasting blood glucose
C) LDL cholesterol
D) HDL cholesterol

Question 19

A healthy diet that reduces ________ intake can help lower blood pressure.

A) calcium
B) sodium
C) glucose
D) potassium

Question 20

A diet that restricts ________ and cholesterol is recommended for prevention of heart disease.

A) complex carbohydrates
B) whole grains
C) saturated fats
D) plant proteins

Question 21

Which area of fat storage in the body is associated with an increased risk of CHD?

A) chest
B) hips
C) abdomen
D) thighs

Question 22

Which of the following are considered contributory risk factors for CHD?

A) smoking and overconsumption of alcohol
B) stress and overconsumption of alcohol
C) age and genetics
D) diet and genetics

Question 23

Regular exercise has been shown to improve blood ________ profiles in most people.

A) hemoglobin
B) calcium
C) folate
D) lipid

Question 24

The risk of death from coronary heart disease decreases as total physical activity energy expenditure increases from 500 to ________ kilocalories per week.

A) 1,500
B) 2,500
C) 3,500
D) 5,000

Question 25

________ is a disease that increases a person's risk of cardiovascular disease.

A) Lung cancer
B) Osteoporosis
C) Angina pectoris
D) Diabetes mellitus

Question 26

What is the recommended minimum level of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise to reduce the risk of CHD?

A) 100 minutes per week
B) 125 minutes per week
C) 150 minutes per week
D) 175 minutes per week

Question 27

Arteriosclerosis is the term used to refer to a group of diseases characterized by narrowing of the arteries.

Question 28

Low-income individuals are more likely to be obese and to experience heart disease than are higher-income individuals.

Question 29

Coronary artery disease results when atherosclerotic plaque forms a blockage of one or more coronary arteries.

Question 30

A cardiovascular disease is any disease that affects the heart or the brain.

Question 31

Uncomfortable pressure in the chest, dizziness, and arm pain are symptoms of a heart attack.

Question 32

The diastolic blood pressure is the pressure when the heart contracts.

Question 33

Minor strokes can result in mild paralysis in the extremities.

Question 34

African Americans are at a greater risk of developing hypertension than are other populations in the United States.

Question 35

Major risk factors for heart disease are defined as factors that increase your risk of heart disease by promoting the development of a secondary risk factor.

Question 36

One of the reasons that hypertension is a health risk is that chronic high blood pressure may damage the interior of blood vessels.

Question 37

Smoking is no longer considered to be a major risk factor for the development of heart disease.

Question 38

Another term for contributory risk factor is secondary risk factor.

Question 39

Hypertension is considered to be both a disease and a risk factor for the development of heart disease.

Question 40

When someone stops smoking, his or her risk of developing heart disease rapidly declines.

Question 41

High sodium intake is not considered to be a factor in the development of high blood pressure.

Question 42

Low-density lipoprotein is often called "good cholesterol."

Question 43

High blood levels of HDL cholesterol reduce your risk of developing heart disease.

Question 44

Research has shown that additional heart health benefits occur as an individual's level of physical activity increases.

Question 45

Blood cholesterol levels >240 mg/dl are considered to represent a low risk of developing coronary heart disease.

Question 46

Up to age 55, men have a greater risk of developing CHD and stroke than women.

Question 47

Diabetes results in elevated blood glucose levels.

Question 48

The distribution of fat on the body influences the risk of development of heart disease.

Question 49

About 25% of people with diabetes die of some form of cardiovascular disease.

Question 50

Children of parents with CHD are more likely to develop the disease than are children of parents who do not have CHD.

Question 51

The female sex hormone estrogen acts as a protective agent against heart disease in premenopausal women.

Question 52

Low waist-to-hip ratios in women indicate a significant risk of developing heart disease.

Question 53

High levels of stress reduce blood pressure.

Question 54

Exercising just once a week is enough to reduce one's risk of coronary heart disease.

Question 55

Regular vigorous exercise (>50% VO₂max) is more protective against cardiovascular disease than lower-intensity exercise.

Question 56

Define cardiovascular disease, and list three common cardiovascular diseases.

Question 57

CHD risk factors are classified as either major or contributory risk factors. Briefly explain the differences between these two categories of risk factors.

Question 58

Explain the effects of long-term chronic high blood pressure on the blood vessels and the heart.

Question 59

How does smoking increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Question 60

Explain the levels of LDL ("bad") and HDL ("good") cholesterol in the blood that are considered to be optimal for health.

Question 61

List the three contributory risk factors for coronary heart disease, according to the American Heart Association.

Question 62

Explain how exercise can lower your risk for coronary heart disease.

Question 63

Identify the risk factors that can be modified to reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease.