Deck 13: Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders

Question 1

Two key diagnostic features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include:

A) hyperactive symptoms and an ability to hyperfocus on interesting tasks
B) hyperactive symptoms and below average grades
C) difficulty focusing on tasks and hyperactive symptoms
D) difficulty focusing on tasks and an ability to hyperfocus on interesting tasks

Answer 1

difficulty focusing on tasks and an ability to hyperfocus on interesting tasks

Question 2

Applied behavior analysis

A) uses operant conditioning to teach age appropriate skills
B) focuses on reducing stimming
C) emphasizes natural reinforcement in the environment
D) uses visual tools to promote learning and comprehension

Answer 2

uses operant conditioning to teach age appropriate skills

Question 3

Hypoactive delirium involves

A) agitation, restlessness, delusions, and hallucinations
B) fatigue and changes in appetite or social functioning
C) both fatigue and restlessness/agitation
D) agitation and restlessness

Answer 3

fatigue and changes in appetite or social functioning

Question 4

The most critical aspect of treating delirium is

A) Psychoeducation
B) Calm disposition of the counselor
C) Early detection
D) Relaxation exercises

Question 5

Stimming refers to

A) Repeating what is heard
B) Flapping the hands or rocking
C) Repeating quotes from books or movies
D) Obsessive ritualized behavior

Question 6

Narrative therapy for communication disorders

A) Involves sharing experiences and creating a new identity
B) Involves creating behavioral experiments
C) Involves increasing self-awareness and mindfulness
D) Involves speaking in anxiety-provoking situations

Question 7

An individual with intellectual disability usually presents with an IQ at or below , although it is no longer required for diagnosis in the DSM-5.

A) 60
B) 70
C) 80
D) 90

Question 8

The difference between neurocognitive major and minor disorders refers to the

A) Progression of the disorder
B) Number of symptoms
C) Amount of memory loss
D) Age of the client with the disorder

Question 9

Reminiscence therapy for neurocognitive disorders involves

A) Reliving memories by talking with a counselor
B) Identifying behavior patterns, relaxation, and pleasant event situations
C) Relaxation techniques, recording daily thoughts, and increasing socialization
D) Educating caregiver(s) on the disorder, treatment goals, and caregiver issues

Question 10

In treating neurocognitive disorders, pleasant event situations refer to

A) Reminiscing about past happy memories
B) Identifying an enjoyable activity and increasing its frequency
C) Identifying an enjoyable activity and thinking about it at least twice per week
D) Increasing one's visitation in a nursing home

Question 11

Developmental coordination disorder refers to

A) Disturbance in attention, consciousness, language, thought processes, visuospatial abilities, orientation, and memory
B) Significant social communication impairments and restrictive and repetitive behavior, interests, or activities
C) Stuttering, pronunciation difficulties, omitting or distorting sounds
D) Difficulties in balance, manual dexterity, agility, and locomotion

Question 12

The Specific Skills Approach in developmental coordination disorders focuses on

A) improving motor skills
B) sensory integration techniques
C) muscle-strengthening techniques
D) improving self esteem

Question 13

Tourette's disorder involves

A) either motor or visual tics lasting for at least a year.
B) both motor and visual tics lasting for at least a year
C) either motor or visual tics that can be present for under one year.
D) tic symptoms that do not meet criteria for any of the above disorders

Question 14

Stereotypic movements

A) cannot be suppressed
B) can be suppressed by distraction
C) can be suppressed by rehearsal therapy
D) can be suppressed by willpower

Question 15

Which of the following therapies is based on the premise that tics are reinforced by positive or negative rewards for tick behavior:

A) Group therapy
B) Behavior therapy
C) Cognitive behavioral therapy
D) Behavioral activation therapy

Question 16

Communication disorders refer to

A) Disturbance in attention, consciousness, language, thought processes, visuospatial abilities, orientation, and memory
B) Significant social communication impairments and restrictive and repetitive behavior, interests, or activities
C) Stuttering, pronunciation difficulties, and omitting or distorting sounds
D) Difficulties in balance, manual dexterity, agility, and locomotion

Question 17

Early intensive behavioral intervention

A) uses operant conditioning to teach age appropriate skills
B) focuses on reducing stimming behaviors
C) emphasizes natural reinforcement in the environment
D) uses visual tools to promote learning and comprehension

Question 18

The TEACCH Method

A) uses operant conditioning to teach age appropriate skills
B) focuses on reducing stimming behaviors
C) emphasizes natural reinforcement in the environment
D) uses visual tools to promote learning and comprehension

Question 19

In treating specific learning disorder, one prominent counselor consideration is:

A) Assessing for comorbid disorders
B) Reducing environmental distractions
C) Client's age and grade in school
D) Assessing for cultural factors

Question 20

One counselor consideration in treating neurocognitive major and minor disorders includes:

A) Assessing for cultural factors
B) Examining a client's past development
C) Assessing for escalation of symptoms
D) Providing praise and encouragement

Question 21

Describe at least two treatment options for attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.

Question 22

What are some important counselor considerations in treating clients with intellectual disability?