Deck 14: Gays, People With Disabilities, and the Elderly

Question 1

__________ is particularly helpful in assessing the marginalization of the groups in this chapter.

A) Understanding the duality of remoteness and nearness
B) The ability to make sweeping judgments
C) A lack of intersubjective understanding
D) Racial profiling

Answer 1

Understanding the duality of remoteness and nearness

Question 2

How was sodomy generally viewed in Europe in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance?

A) As a sin
B) As distasteful, but legal
C) As an act of emotional intimacy
D) As a declaration of love

Answer 2

As a sin

Question 3

The American Academy of Pediatrics claims that __________ is one of the influences that determines sexual orientation.

A) genetics
B) political affiliation
C) peers
D) religious affiliation

Answer 3

genetics

Question 4

Who estimated in 1948 that 10% of Americans were homosexual?

A) John Gagnon
B) Lawrence Bowers
C) Alfred Kinsey
D) Robert T. Michael

Question 5

In a 1994 study by a team of social researchers, __________ percent of males said they were attracted to others of the same gender.

A) 1.3
B) 7.3
C) 6.2
D) 4.4

Question 6

Cases of arson, assault, and murder of homosexuals __________ in the 1990s.

A) decreased slightly
B) decreased dramatically
C) increased slightly
D) increased dramatically

Question 7

Recent studies from Britain, Canada, Denmark, France, and Norway found the percentage of homosexuals to range from __________ percent of the population.

A) 1 to 4
B) 5 to 8
C) 9 to 13
D) 14 to 17

Question 8

What was the difference in the percentage of Americans who considered homosexuality an acceptable alternative lifestyle in 2013 compared to 1989?

A) 25%
B) 30%
C) 13%
D) 50%

Question 9

What was the primary way in which homosexuals responded to homophobia in the 1950s?

A) Media outreach
B) Adopting a low profile
C) Emigration from the United States
D) Large-scale protests

Question 10

According to the intergroup contact hypothesis, if an employee made friends with a gay coworker, his attitude toward homosexuals in general would probably __________.

A) become more positive
B) not relate to his feelings for his friend
C) cause the employee to also become gay
D) become negative at an inverse rate to his positive feeling toward his friend

Question 11

After various setbacks, the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act was passed and signed into law in __________.

A) October 2009 by President Obama
B) July 1998 by President Clinton
C) December 2007 by President Bush
D) March 1991 by President Bush

Question 12

How many Americans have a severe hearing difficulty?

A) 2.5 million
B) 56 million
C) 1.7 million
D) 1.1 million

Question 13

What is the third largest minority group in the United States?

A) African Americans
B) homosexuals
C) people with disabilities
D) the elderly

Question 14

According to the U.S. Census, how many Americans have a physical, mental, or emotional condition causing difficulty in learning, remembering, or concentrating?

A) 9.3 million
B) 15.2 million
C) 21.2 million
D) 6.8 million

Question 15

The Medical Model in Figure 14.2 is associated with the idea that __________ is/are the problem.

A) a lack of education
B) prejudice
C) the impairment
D) the structures in society

Question 16

__________ have the highest percentage of disabled senior citizens.

A) Non-Hispanic whites
B) Pacific Islanders
C) Asian Americans
D) Black Americans

Question 17

__________ have the highest percentage of disabled respondents that are under the age of 15.

A) Non-Hispanic whites
B) Pacific Islanders
C) Asian Americans
D) Black Americans

Question 18

According to the text, __________ might lead well-intentioned people to create uncomfortable situations for the disabled?

A) noticing someone's disability
B) ignoring someone's disability
C) comments about noteworthy disabled individuals
D) dismissing a person with a disability

Question 19

The Kessler Foundation/National Organization on Disability national poll has consistently revealed that people with disabilities are more likely to __________.

A) have health care
B) attend religious services
C) socialize
D) drop out of high school

Question 20

__________ is identified as a common societal reaction to the disabled, especially prior to the Americans with Disabilities Act.

A) Job discrimination
B) Media portrayals of disabled underachievers
C) Stereotypes of the disabled as sexual perverts
D) Fear of the disabled as carrying a communicable disease

Question 21

How is age prejudice institutionalized in American society?

A) In laws
B) In interpersonal relations
C) In religious beliefs
D) In jokes

Question 22

By 2030, __________ percent of the elderly will be 75 or older.

A) 46
B) 55
C) 65
D) 75

Question 23

By 2030, approximately one in __________ North Americans will be 65 years or older.

A) four
B) five
C) two
D) six

Question 24

Projections suggest that by 2030, the composition of the older population for Hispanics will be __________ percent.

A) 72
B) 11
C) 10
D) 5

Question 25

What was the total fertility rate in less developed countries in 2012?

A) 1.61
B) 3.0
C) 3.63
D) 14.1

Question 26

Which country had the highest fertility rate in 2012?

A) The Czech Republic
B) Japan
C) Ireland
D) The United States

Question 27

Which country is predicted to have the lowest proportion of the population at age 60 or older by 2050?

A) China
B) India
C) Mexico
D) The Philippines

Question 28

What is the minimum total fertility rate to maintain population stability?

A) 1.61
B) 2.1
C) 2.83
D) 3.4

Question 29

Why has public awareness of senior citizens increased in recent years?

A) Demographic changes in the population composition
B) Decreased group cohesiveness
C) Political clout among younger Americans
D) The increasing popularity of actors such as Betty White

Question 30

People of what status are likely to feel strain related to rapid growth in numbers of elderly Americans?

A) The great grandchildren of the elderly
B) Adult children of the elderly
C) Aging parents
D) Teenagers

Question 31

Which group has the lowest suicide rates?

A) Older Whites
B) Older Asian or Pacific Islanders
C) Older Blacks
D) Older Hispanics

Question 32

__________ can be cited as a cause of the growing proportion of elderly people.

A) Increasing birth rates
B) Declining nutrition
C) Advances in health care
D) Social assistance in snowbelt states

Question 33

An emphasis on __________ is tied to America's youth-oriented culture.

A) spiritual formation
B) creativity
C) sexuality
D) prejudice

Question 34

Approximately what percentage of people over the age of 65 experience significant mental impairment?

A) 80%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 20%

Question 35

What percentage of elderly people aged 65-74 live in nursing homes?

A) 1%
B) 11%
C) 21%
D) 31%

Question 36

Medical expenses for the elderly are about __________ than those of middle-aged adults.

A) six times greater
B) two times greater
C) three times greater
D) ten times greater

Question 37

__________is/are usually tied to the employment of older workers.

A) Lower costs for health care plans
B) Lower absenteeism
C) Negative job attitudes
D) Poor relationships with customers

Question 38

Among all races, __________ percent older women were in poverty in 2011, compared to __________ percent of older men?

A) 7.6; 4.6
B) 10.7; 6.2
C) 13.8; 14.2
D) 4.6; 15.3

Question 39

The immigrant elderly are characterized by the fact that __________.

A) most do not drive
B) they have an expansive social network
C) over 70% speak fluent English
D) they have a high standard of living

Question 40

Employers often attempt to circumvent the ADEA by__________.

A) openly advertising positions with age restrictions
B) stating that workers are "over qualified" because of their experience
C) requiring certain physical health standards of new employees
D) demanding job skills that no old person could possibly possess

Question 41

About what proportion of elderly citizens depend on Social Security for over 50% of their income?

A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 2/3

Question 42

Which group had the highest percentage of seniors living in poverty in 2008?

A) Hispanic married-couple families
B) Non-Hispanic white married-couple families
C) Male Hispanics living alone
D) Female non-Hispanic whites living alone

Question 43

__________ contributes to the high levels of deprivation for the rural elderly population.

A) Lack of recreation options
B) Poor heating and insulation
C) High population density
D) Lack of community

Question 44

In 2009, approximately what percentage of immigrant seniors lived below the poverty line?

A) 13%
B) 70%
C) 19%
D) 25%

Question 45

__________ has/have typically considered homosexuality to be deviant.

A) The young
B) Religious teachings
C) Greek philosophy
D) Sociologists

Question 46

The conflict perspective as applied to the groups in this chapter emphasizes __________.

A) activity theory
B) political lobbying for rights
C) institutional structures and roles for marginalized groups
D) structures of meaning making in daily life

Question 47

Jeremy runs a nursing home. As such he is concerned about the health of the elderly and works to make sure they have a number of things to do during the day so they do not simply sit around all of the time. He believes in __________ theory.

A) activity
B) disengagement
C) conflict
D) interactionist

Question 48

For __________ theorists, the disabled, gays and elderly are all marginalized groups that are exploited in various ways by the able bodied, young and straight population.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 49

Megan understands that the social world channels all of our activities, even our sexuality. She draws on the concept of __________ to explain the development of both homosexuality and heterosexuality.

A) activity theory
B) labeling theory
C) social learning
D) sexual scripts

Question 50

As a symbolic interactionist, Terrence is constantly stressing that sexual deviance and normality have to do with __________ theory as other people respond to particular sexual actions and identities.

A) activity
B) labeling
C) social learning
D) sexual scripts

Question 51

Homosexuality has been descriptively evidenced in only about the last 500 years.

Question 52

Biological differences between homosexuals and heterosexuals have never been cited in scientific studies.

Question 53

6.2% of men say that they are attracted to people of the same sex.

Question 54

In a recent national public opinion poll, more than four in five Americans reported that they personally knew someone who was gay.

Question 55

Americans are about equally divided between approval and disapproval of homosexuality.

Question 56

By a slight majority Americans are in favor of same-sex marriage legalization.

Question 57

"Sandwich generation" refers to the adult children of the elderly who simultaneously provide for their own dependent children.

Question 58

According to Figure 14.6, the African American senior population will be larger than the Hispanic senior population in 2030.

Question 59

Higher birth rates result in lower proportions of the elderly age cohort.

Question 60

Ageism is the manifestation of prejudice, aversion, or hatred of the old.

Question 61

The Bedamini people believe that the sharing of __________ between older and younger males is a means of enhancing masculinity.

Question 62

Ancient Greeks praised homosexuality as more __________ and __________ than heterosexual love.

Question 63

Psychological literature into the 1980s considered homosexuality to be __________.

Question 64

By the 1930s, popular fascination with gay culture led thousands to attend New York City's __________.

Question 65

Approximately __________ in three blacks believe that homosexuality is morally wrong.

Question 66

Mississippi prohibits any __________ couple from adopting.

Question 67

Civil unions and domestic partnerships entitle homosexual couples to all the benefits, rights, privileges, and obligations afforded to __________.

Question 68

The "social model" seeks to eliminate the prejudice, exclusion, and barriers in society that result in __________ for the disabled.

Question 69

Focusing on just one characteristic of a person and disregarding all others is a typical element of __________.

Question 70

The text predicts that one in __________ North Americans will be 65 or older by 2030.

Question 71

According to the intergroup contact hypothesis, what will happen to individuals' attitudes as they attain more equal states or active ties with homosexuals?

Question 72

How did the 1969 Stonewall Inn raids change the gay response to police aggression?

Question 73

What is meant by the "Detroit Syndrome"?

Question 74

How did preindustrial societies usually react toward the elderly?

Question 75

How did industrialization and technology revolutionize the existing social order?

Question 76

Evaluate the evidence claiming that homosexuality is biologically determined.

Question 77

Explain the opposing positions in the controversies over same-sex marriage and gay parenting.

Question 78

Provide some examples of double marginality, and predict some of its effects on an individual.

Question 79

Discuss the ways in which, people with disabilities and the elderly are "strangers" in U.S. culture. Does this approach work for studying these populations?

Question 80

Apply functionalist, conflict, and interactionist viewpoints to the issue of adoption of children by homosexual couples.