Deck 11: Hispanic Americans

Question 1

Which state was brought into the United States as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo at the End of the Mexican-American War?

A) Oregon
B) Utah
C) Colorado
D) California

Answer 1

California

Question 2

__________ is south of Bolivia.

A) Venezuela
B) Columbia
C) El Salvador
D) Uruguay

Answer 2

Uruguay

Question 3

__________ has the highest percentage of Hispanic residents.

A) Chicago
B) Houston
C) San Diego
D) Miami

Answer 3

Miami

Question 4

In 1970, the total population of Latin America and the Caribbean was more than 285 million. What was the approximate population in 2012?

A) 100 million
B) 160 million
C) 599 million
D) 400 million

Question 5

How many legal South American immigrants entered the United States between 2000 and 2009?

A) 2,249,421
B) 856,508
C) 576,831
D) 502,247

Question 6

Dignidad refers to __________.

A) reciprocal respect in human interaction
B) formal rules of etiquette
C) deference to those of high status
D) laws against children disrespecting their parents

Question 7

In Latin American countries, __________.

A) racial prejudice is nonexistent.
B) social class, not race, is the primary basis for differential treatment.
C) a sharp racial line determines social standing.
D) racial prejudice is worse than in the United States

Question 8

La Raza Cosmica refers to __________.

A) an annual competitive event among Hispanic people
B) a common bond and great destiny for the Hispanic peoples
C) a master-race concept asserting Hispanics are superior
D) the emphasis upon nuclear, not extended, families

Question 9

Variances in the Hispanic experience in the United States are due to __________.

A) their heritage
B) lacking a common language
C) the regions in which they settled
D) religious beliefs

Question 10

A Hispanic male's felt responsibility to protect his family's honor might be identified by which term?

A) Marianismo
B) La Raza Cosmica
C) Interdependencia
D) Machismo

Question 11

A Hispanic student who does not look her teacher in the eye is very likely doing so because she __________.

A) feels guilty
B) respects her teacher
C) disrespects her teacher
D) has not been raised well by her parents

Question 12

In the United States, machismo causes a culture class because it often involves __________.

A) the stereotype of a woman as a sex object
B) the belief in male dominance and female submissiveness
C) less opportunity for males to display physical prowess
D) the emphasis upon nuclear, not extended, families

Question 13

According to Figure 11.3, __________ appear to have the most prosperous economic status.

A) Mexicans
B) Puerto Ricans
C) Cubans
D) Central Americans

Question 14

Hispanics are heavily underrepresented in __________.

A) blue collar jobs
B) manufacturing jobs
C) managerial positions
D) service occupations

Question 15

__________ had the biggest decrease in high school dropouts between 2000 and 2010.

A) Whites
B) African Americans
C) Hispanics
D) Asian Americans

Question 16

As their length of time in the country grows, Mexican immigrants close the earning gap with __________ but not with non-Hispanic whites.

A) Native Americans
B) Blacks
C) Asians
D) U.S. born Mexican Americans

Question 17

Who is associated with the Brown Berets?

A) Cesar Chavez
B) Rudolfo Gonzales
C) Reies Lopes Tijerina
D) David Sanchez

Question 18

Chicano power was promoted by __________.

A) Cesar Chavez
B) Martin Luther King, Jr.
C) Jesse Jackson
D) Manuel Noriega

Question 19

The Zoot Suit Riots of 1943 illustrate __________.

A) dominant-group tolerance of violence against a minority
B) an extreme form of minority-group defiance
C) labor unrest in times of economic trouble
D) the failure of government-mandated hiring programs

Question 20

Mexican Americans in Los Angeles and New Mexico compared to those living elsewhere, __________.

A) are less likely to enter the mainstream of U.S. society
B) exhibit a greater retention of their culture
C) show a greater degree of assimilation
D) live mostly in the poorest sections of the cities

Question 21

Currently, the two most common stereotypes that Mexican Americans have had to combat involve __________.

A) belonging to youth gangs and being undocumented aliens
B) preferring enjoyment over working hard and material over intangible rewards
C) being future-oriented and materialistic
D) being unwilling to learn English and not caring about education

Question 22

Mexican Americans may be described as __________.

A) nonassimilable because of their proximity to Mexico
B) confined almost exclusively to the American Southwest
C) a single group of mostly impoverished workers
D) diverse in values, socioeconomic status, and assimilation

Question 23

"Repatriation" and "Operation Wetback" are examples of __________ efforts.

A) expulsion
B) forced assimilation
C) Americanization
D) self-justification

Question 24

In Puerto Rico, as in all Latin American countries, an individual's identity, importance, and security depend on __________.

A) migration patterns
B) family membership
C) religion
D) occupation

Question 25

__________ reduced Puerto Rican involvement in the Catholic Church on the mainland.

A) A closed church hierarchy
B) Inability to internalize a Catholic identity
C) The appeal of Lutheran churches
D) Spiritualism and superstition

Question 26

In the Puerto Rican American communities, bodegas serve as __________.

A) religious temples
B) hair salons
C) social gathering places
D) a source of cultural pride

Question 27

Compared to Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans __________.

A) are less fluent in English
B) have a higher number of high school dropouts
C) have seen their poverty rates decline
D) have a longer length of residence in the mainland United States

Question 28

Changes in the U.S. economy affect Puerto Rico because __________.

A) most of its labor force works on the mainland
B) it is only a small island
C) of its economic dependency on the United States
D) the only industry in Puerto Rico is servicing cruise ships from the U.S.

Question 29

In the early twentieth century, U.S. policy toward Puerto Rico was __________.

A) mostly to encourage economic investment
B) simply exploitation
C) an attempt at Americanization
D) introduction of pluralism

Question 30

Through the __________, the United States reserved the right to intervene in Cuba if necessary to protect U.S. interests.

A) Know-Nothing Party
B) Labor Unions
C) Platt Amendment
D) Peace Act Agreement

Question 31

Compared to most other Hispanic-American groups except for South Americans, Cubans have __________.

A) lower educational attainment
B) a higher unemployment rate
C) a higher median family income
D) worse cultural values

Question 32

Cuban cultural values emphasize __________.

A) living in order to work and achieve physical comfort
B) directing hostility into physical violence
C) readily displaying kindness and generosity
D) being unwitty or disagreeable

Question 33

In which of the following ways did Cubans respond to discrimination in Miami in the early 1980s?

A) Forming an ethnic enclave
B) Shunning local politics
C) Immediate attempts to assimilate
D) Moving in large numbers to Pensacola

Question 34

Dominicans commonly co-exist in neighborhoods alongside those of the __________.

A) Cubans
B) Mexicans
C) Nicaraguans
D) Puerto Ricans

Question 35

The greatest number of South American immigrants came from __________.

A) Argentina
B) Chile
C) Colombia
D) Ecuador

Question 36

The sanctuary movement that hid Salvadoran refugees from immigration officials involved __________.

A) Catholic clergy and parishioners
B) Cubans serving as a middleman minority
C) Mexican smugglers
D) the Underground Railroad

Question 37

What happened in 1990 that led an 11-year-long exodus of Nicaraguan refugees to subside?

A) The contra war began.
B) The Sandinistra regime was voted out.
C) Nicaraguan asylees were denied resident status.
D) Immigration services denied entry to all Nicaraguan refugees.

Question 38

Puerto Ricans and Dominicans have exceptionally high rates of intermarriage with __________.

A) other Hispanics
B) non-Hispanics
C) each other
D) Blacks

Question 39

What groups have low intermarriage rates with non-Hispanics?

A) Central and South Americans
B) Cubans and Mexicans
C) Dominicans and Puerto Ricans
D) Colombians and Peruvians

Question 40

If you were concerned about the Hispanic dropout rate, you would do well to focus on __________.

A) age at the time of entry into the United States
B) attendance
C) size of family
D) living in a two-parent household

Question 41

What is the main "hot button" issue that that triggers nativists' ire more than any other ethnic manifestation by Hispanics?

A) Large families
B) Extensive use of the Spanish language
C) Catholicism
D) Refusal to participate in 4^th of July celebrations

Question 42

As a whole, the patterns for recent Hispanic immigrants can be said to be __________ those for other racial and ethnic groups.

A) vastly different than
B) extremely similar to
C) harder than
D) easier than

Question 43

Which theoretical perspective is most likely to point out that Latinos are persistently restricted to low-paying job opportunities?

A) functionalism
B) conflict theory
C) interactionism
D) feminist theory

Question 44

According to functional analysis, __________.

A) the Hispanic community is unimportant in adjustment to U.S. life
B) Cuban revitalization of neighborhoods has hurt other Hispanic groups
C) allowing an underclass undermines personal rights and equal opportunities
D) existence of a dual economy denies job opportunities to Hispanics

Question 45

According to conflict analysis, improvement of Hispanic status depends upon their __________.

A) learning the English language
B) developing political power
C) benefiting from greater government jobs programs
D) reduced immigration to stabilize their ethnic communities

Question 46

According to interactionist analysis, Anglos __________.

A) have good awareness of Hispanic diversity because of television
B) are highly receptive to Hispanic pluralism
C) apply understandings of European immigrant patterns to the Hispanics
D) often misinterpret Hispanic ethnicity and behavior

Question 47

As a(n) __________ theorist, Marissa sees the massive population growth of Latin Americans as providing both a cultural identity in a new land and inciting antagonism among other ethnic groups in the United States.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 48

Chicano activists have incorporated the concept of __________ that was first applied to the black ghetto because it also helps to describe the Anglo takeover of Latin American lands and people for the last 150 years.

A) internal colonialism
B) race
C) Hispanic identity
D) ethnicity

Question 49

When trying to understand the Latin American experience in the United States, Raul continually stresses the dual pillars of residential segregation and economic inequality and exploitation. His views are in line with __________ theory.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 50

Linda, as a(n) __________, stresses that Hispanics are not a monolithic group even though non-Hispanic Americans tend to view them and stereotype them that way.

A) functionalist
B) conflict
C) interactionist
D) feminist

Question 51

Puerto Ricans became U.S. nationals in 1898 when the Treaty of Paris ended the Spanish-American War.

Question 52

Hispanics are the largest ethnic group in the United States and are steadily increasing in number all the time.

Question 53

Hispanics generally have a more casual attitude toward time than do others in the United States.

Question 54

The value of Marianismo might be expressed in a Hispanic female's decision to prevent her husband from trying to dominate her.

Question 55

The median family income for Latino families has traditionally been higher than for black families.

Question 56

The bracero program encouraged American-born Hispanics to sponsor recent immigrants to the United States.

Question 57

U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service launched a program in the 1950s called "Operation Wetback."

Question 58

In the second half of the 19th century, Mexicans from south of the border helped fill U.S. labor needs for the construction of railroad lines and the expansion of cotton, fruit, and vegetable farms.

Question 59

Both Puerto Ricans and Mexican Americans have had steadily declining poverty rates in recent years.

Question 60

Undocumented aliens make substantial economic contributions as consumers and low-skilled workers.

Question 61

The treaty of __________ ended the Mexican-American War in 1848.

Question 62

Today, __________ make up more than one-fourth of the population in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires.

Question 63

The participation of Hispanic women in the labor force seems to be related to __________.

Question 64

__________ often serves as an unexpected basis of discrimination for Latinos coming to the United States.

Question 65

The percentage of Mexican-Americans receiving welfare assistance is only about __________ that of whites.

Question 66

The Los Angeles __________ riot in 1943 began over conflicts between Mexican residents and some sailors on leave.

Question 67

Under the __________ program, Mexican aliens could enter the state legally as contract laborers.

Question 68

__________, a term for interracial marriage, might have helped cause a society that deemphasized race.

Question 69

A__________ might be a good location for a Puerto Rican to both buy groceries and find advice on buying a car.

Question 70

A __________ is an alien outside the United States who is unable or unwilling to return to his or her country because of persecution or a well-founded fear or persecution.

Question 71

Explain the Puerto Rican concept of dignidad. Use examples to support your answer.

Question 72

Explain the rise of Chicano Power since the 1960s.

Question 73

In what way is an asylee different from a refugee?

Question 74

What assimilation patterns do we currently find among Hispanics in the social institutions of family and education?

Question 75

What concept describes the strategy of allowing the passage of time to produce acculturation and economic improvement for immigrants rather than direct, legislative action? To what groups has this strategy applied in U.S. history?

Question 76

Contrast prevailing racial attitudes in Latin America and in the United States.

Question 77

Discuss the fallacy of Mexican stereotypes.

Question 78

What prevented the Catholic Church from being an effective social force for Puerto Ricans as it once was for other groups?

Question 79

Explain why Puerto Ricans have the highest poverty rate of any major racial or ethnic group.

Question 80

Apply the three major sociological perspectives to the Hispanic experience in the United States.