Deck 2: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Question 1

All of the following are true regarding the diagnosis of intellectual disability EXCEPT:

A) It is the new name for what used to be called mental retardation.
B) Severity levels (e.g., mild, moderate, severe) of intellectual disability are based on a person's IQ score.
C) The diagnosis is based on a deficit in both intellectual and adaptive functioning.
D) The name change of this diagnosis to "intellectual disability" was supported by U.S. federal law.

Answer 1

Severity levels (e.g., mild, moderate, severe) of intellectual disability are based on a person's IQ score.

Question 2

Which of the following is an important intervention component for intellectual disability?

A) Early interventions, including special education.
B) Family involvement and parent training.
C) Behavior modification.
D) All of the above are important components of intervention for intellectual disability.

Answer 2

All of the above are important components of intervention for intellectual disability.

Question 3

All of the following are DSM-5 communication disorders EXCEPT:

A) Social (pragmatic) communication disorder.
B) Speech sound disorder.
C) Regressive communication disorder.
D) Childhood onset fluency disorder (stuttering).

Answer 3

Regressive communication disorder.

Question 4

Regarding autism spectrum disorder (ASD):

A) Symptoms are required in two areas: 1) social communication, and 2) restricted and repetitive behaviors.
B) This diagnosis represents very little change from DSM-IV.
C) Asperger's disorder remains a separate diagnosis in DSM-5; it was not incorporated into autism spectrum disorder.
D) Required symptoms can appear for the first time in adulthood and still be diagnosed as ASD.

Question 5

Regarding autism spectrum disorder (ASD):

A) Females are more likely than males to develop autism spectrum disorder.
B) ASD is the result of parenting styles; biology and genetics do not play a role.
C) There is a worldwide increase in the number of children being diagnosed with autism.
D) So far ASD has only been found in lower-class U.S. populations.

Question 6

Regarding autism spectrum disorder (ASD):

A) Children with ASD actually have fewer risks of sexual abuse than other children.
B) Children and adolescents with ASD are at increased risk for bullying and violence.
C) To date, there are no screening tools to help distinguish children with ASD from other children.
D) ASD ends by age 21.

Question 7

All of the following are true regarding interventions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) EXCEPT:

A) Communication may be the most important area to address early in the treatment for most children.
B) Effective interventions are based on the child's interests, engage the child's attention, and include positive reinforcement for desired behaviors.
C) Early intervention programs are often very intensive, providing one-to-one treatment for 20-40 hours/week.
D) Parental involvement has been found to have little value in the treatment of children with ASD.

Question 8

Regarding the DSM-5's diagnosis of ADHD:

A) Adult ADHD requires more symptoms than children with ADHD.
B) If a child only displays symptoms of ADHD in a school setting, the diagnosis of ADHD cannot be given.
C) Symptoms of inattention include fidgeting, running and climbing, interrupting others, and blurting answers.
D) Symptoms can be typical for a child's developmental level (e.g., being unable to sit still or wait one's turn) and still be considered ADHD.

Question 9

Regarding ADHD:

A) Most children diagnosed with ADHD will no longer have symptoms as adolescents.
B) Teachers are the best consultants for the assessment of ADHD in children; reports from parents are not needed.
C) Behavioral interventions should be incorporated into all aspects of the child's life (e.g., home and school).
D) The Yale ADHD Checklist can definitively diagnose ADHD.

Question 10

All of the following are important components in the treatment of children with ADHD EXCEPT:

A) Parent-management training.
B) Behavioral interventions in the classroom.
C) Medication management.
D) Reality-emotive therapy.

Question 11

Regarding ADHD and medication:

A) Stimulants are the most common medication used in the treatment of ADHD.
B) Medications are rarely used in the treatment of ADHD.
C) Benzodiazepines are the most commonly used medication in the treatment of ADHD.
D) Antidepressants are the most commonly used medication to treat the symptoms of ADHD.

Question 12

Specific learning disorders in the DSM-5 include the domains of reading, written expression and mathematics.

Question 13

Tourette's disorder involves either a motor or a vocal tic.

Question 14

Treatment for Tourette's and other tic disorders generally involves medication along with cognitive or behavioral therapy.