Deck 23: Vascular Disorders

Question 1

When taking a history from a patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), the nurse would expect to find that the patient:

A) is over age 50 years old.
B) is female.
C) leads an active lifestyle.
D) eats a healthy diet.

Answer 1

is over age 50 years old.

Question 2

Which finding should the nurse expect when assessing a 30-year-old man with cardiovascular disease?

A) History of smoking
B) Lack of exercise
C) Poor dietary habits
D) Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Answer 2

Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Question 3

Which statement by a patient about lipid levels does the nurse need to clarify?

A) "High levels of very low-density lipoproteins are good for me."
B) "High levels of high-density lipoproteins are desirable for a healthy heart."
C) "I want to raise my low-density lipoproteins as high as I can."
D) "High levels of triglycerides are good for me."

Answer 3

"High levels of high-density lipoproteins are desirable for a healthy heart."

Question 4

When teaching a community health class on cardiac risk factor reduction, which serum cholesterol and triglyceride values does the nurse recommend as desirable?

A) Total cholesterol <200 mg/dL, LDL 100-129 mg/dL, triglycerides <150 mg/dL
B) Total cholesterol 200-239 mg/dL, LDL 130-159 mg/dL, triglycerides 150-199 mg/dL
C) Total cholesterol >240, LDL 160-189 mg/dL, triglycerides 200-499 mg/dL
D) LDL >190 mg/dL, triglycerides >500 mg/dL

Question 5

When assessing the ankle-brachial index in a patient with peripheral artery disease, the nurse:

A) compares the strength of the pulses in the lower and upper extremities.
B) compares the pulse rate in the upper and lower extremities.
C) compares the blood pressure in the upper and lower extremities.
D) compares sensation in the upper and lower extremities.

Question 6

To evaluate the effectiveness of atorvastatin (Lipitor®) in reducing the risk of heart disease, the nurse would expect to see:

A) higher serum total cholesterol levels.
B) lower serum HDL levels.
C) lower serum LDL levels.
D) higher serum triglyceride levels.

Question 7

Which patient statement indicates to the nurse that more teaching is needed about preventing episodes of Raynaud disease?

A) "I should stay away from people who are smoking."
B) "Warm weather triggers attacks."
C) "I should try to reduce the stress in my life."
D) "I should talk to my doctor about treating my sinus congestion without vasoconstricting drugs."

Question 8

The nurse should expect which finding in a patient with thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS)?

A) A difference in blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities
B) Positive ankle-brachial index
C) Positive Adson maneuver
D) Manifestations of Turner syndrome

Question 9

Which statement by a patient with chronic venous insufficiency indicates that more teaching is needed about measures to prevent varicose veins?

A) "Exercise will aggravate the condition."
B) "I should wear compression stockings."
C) "I'll need to lose some weight because I am obese."
D) "I need to stop smoking."

Question 10

Which direction should the nurse give to a pregnant woman who has developed varicose veins in her legs?

A) Maintain complete bedrest.
B) Keep legs in a dependent position.
C) Avoid support stockings.
D) Change positions frequently.

Question 11

Following the guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians, the nursing care plan for a patient with deep vein thrombosis should include teaching the patient about taking which of the following medications?

A) Aspirin
B) Warfarin (Coumadin®)
C) Heparin
D) Rivaroxaban (Xarelto®)

Question 12

When counseling a patient, the nurse explains that according to the 2017 American Heart Association guidelines his blood pressure of 135/85 is a diagnosis of:

A) normal blood pressure.
B) elevated blood pressure.
C) stage 1 hypertension.
D) stage 2 hypertension.

Question 13

The nurse anticipates that a patient without comorbidities and a blood pressure of 125/75 mmHg will be most likely be treated:

A) with lifestyle modifications.
B) with lifestyle modifications and one antihypertensive medication.
C) with lifestyle modifications and more than one antihypertensive medication.
D) with lifestyle modifications and higher doses of more than one antihypertensive medications.

Question 14

An assessment of the patient with hypertensive crisis will most likely reveal:

A) diastolic > 100 mmHg.
B) systolic > 160 mm Hg.
C) diastolic > 120 mmHg.
D) systolic > 170 mm Hg.

Question 15

Which statement by a patient with hypertension indicates to the nurse that more teaching is needed?

A) "Lots of rest will help lower my blood pressure."
B) "I need to achieve an optimal weight."
C) "I should lower my alcohol intake."
D) "I should follow a low saturated fat diet."

Question 16

Which of the following antihypertensive medications does the nurse anticipate administering for a patient newly diagnosed with hypertension?

A) Propranolol (Inderal®)
B) Furosemide (Lasix®)
C) Hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide®)
D) Lisinopril (Prinivil®)

Question 17

What is the best explanation the nurse should give when a patient asks how his Zestorectic® works?

A) This medication works as a diuretic.
B) This medication is an ACE inhibitor.
C) This medication combines a diuretic and an ACE inhibitor.
D) This medication inhibits activation of the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 18

When assessing a patient with a venous ulcer due to chronic venous insufficiency, the nurse would expect the ulcer to be located:

A) on the calf.
B) on a toe.
C) on the heel.
D) on a pressure point.

Question 19

When assessing a patient with long-standing claudication, the nurse is most likely to assess:

A) sharp shooting leg pain in the area of arterial stenosis.
B) leg pain that is relieved by walking.
C) leg pain at rest.
D) a reddened, warm area over the calf.

Question 20

Which manifestation is the nurse likely to assess in the patient with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)?

A) Sacral edema
B) Thinning of the skin on the calves
C) Leg pain that worsens with elevation
D) Pain in the legs that worsens with standing