Deck 18: Obstructive Lung Disorders

Question 1

When assessing a healthy adult, the nurse would expect an inspiratory:expiratory (I:E) ratio of:

A) 1:2.
B) 1:3.
C) 1:4.
D) 1:5.

Answer 1

1:2.

Question 2

A patient is having a test to measure airflow speed during maximal exhalation through the mouth. Which test does the nurse explain to the patient?

A) Spirometry
B) Body plethysmography
C) Nitrogen washout
D) Incentive spirometry

Answer 2

Spirometry

Question 3

The nurse is reviewing the pulmonary function test of a patient. Which result would the nurse expect to find in a patient with normal lung function?

A) Tidal volume 500 mL
B) Inspiratory reserve volume 1,500 mL
C) Inspiratory capacity 2,000 mL
D) Expiratory reserve volume 500 mL

Answer 3

Tidal volume 500 mL

Question 4

When conducting community assessments, the nurse knows that which population has the highest risk of asthma?

A) Puerto Ricans
B) African Americans
C) Hispanics
D) Asians

Question 5

A patient in the emergency department reports tightness in his chest and shortness of breath after mowing his lawn several hours ago on a warm, humid day. On assessment, the patient has a heart rate of 110 beats/minute, respiratory rate of 32 breaths/minute, blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg, and an oral temperature of 97.2 degrees F. Expiratory wheezing is heard on auscultation of his lungs. The nurse suspects that the patient is most likely experiencing asthma due to:

A) air pollution.
B) infection.
C) exercise.
D) allergens.

Question 6

The assessment of a patient with persistent moderate severity asthma will most likely reveal:

A) normal FEV₁ between exacerbations.
B) daily use of short-acting beta-2 agonist for symptom control.
C) awakening from sleep no more that 3 to 4 times/month.
D) normal activity is extremely limited.

Question 7

A patient with suspected asthma is scheduled for a challenge test. What result would confirm the diagnosis?

A) Exhalation of low amounts of nitrogen oxide
B) Exhalation of high amounts of nitrogen oxide
C) Exhalation of low amounts of carbon dioxide
D) Exhalation of high amounts of carbon dioxide

Question 8

The plan of care to reduce asthma risks in a patient with poorly controlled asthma would be to:

A) preventing symptoms.
B) requiring a short-acting bronchodilator not more than twice a week.
C) being satisfied with care received.
D) preventing emergency room visits.

Question 9

When planning home care for a child with asthma, the nurse should tell the family to:

A) remove all animals from the house.
B) remove stuffed animals from the bed.
C) remove items that seem to trigger an attack.
D) remove items that commonly trigger attacks.

Question 10

The hospital outreach nurse is teaching a community program about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which concept should the nurse keep in mind while preparing for this program?

A) Smoking is associated with all cases of COPD.
B) COPD is always caused by a genetic mutation.
C) An interaction between genetic and inhaled irritants may cause COPD.
D) Nonsmokers do not develop COPD.

Question 11

Which patient statement indicates that the nurse's teaching about prevention of COPD has been effective?

A) "Only cigarette smoking can cause COPD."
B) "Secondhand smoke does not lead to COPD."
C) "Use of a water pipe does not lead to COPD."
D) "Pipe smoking can cause COPD."

Question 12

Which findings would the nurse expect to assess in a history from a patient with moderate (Gold 2) COPD?

A) Not aware of respiratory symptoms, cough and sputum may be present
B) Dyspnea on exertion, chronic cough, and sputum production
C) Shortness of breath (SOB), reduced exercise capacity, fatigue, and exacerbations
D) Chronic respiratory failure

Question 13

Which pulmonary function test result would the nurse expect to find in a patient with mild COPD?

A) FEV₁/FVC < 70%, FEV₁ > 80% predicted
B) FEV₁/FVC < 70%, 50% 1 < 80% predicted
C) FEV₁/FVC < 70%, 30% 1 < 50% predicted
D) FEV₁/FVC < 70%, FEV₁ < 30% predicted

Question 14

The nurse is teaching pursed lip breathing to a patient with severe COPD. Which behavior indicates to the nurse that teaching has been effective?

A) Lips are puckered on inhalation.
B) Lips are wide apart on inhalation.
C) Lips are pursed on inhalation and exhalation.
D) Lips are puckered on exhalation.

Question 15

Which finding is most likely when assessing the chest of a patient with emphysema?

A) 1:2 anteroposterior (AP) diameter/transverse diameter
B) 1:3 anteroposterior (AP) diameter/transverse diameter
C) 1:4 anteroposterior (AP) diameter/transverse diameter
D) 2:1 anteroposterior (AP) diameter/transverse diameter

Question 16

Which is the most appropriate medication for the nurse to administer when a patient with COPD experiences acute shortness of breath?

A) Inhaled corticosteroids
B) Inhaled fast-acting bronchodilator
C) Oral antibiotics
D) Oral mucolytic agents

Question 17

The nurse is conducting family planning with a healthy couple. The man's father had cystic fibrosis and his mother was healthy with no family history of the condition. The woman's family has no history of cystic fibrosis. Which is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make when asked about the risk of their child having cystic fibrosis?

A) All children will have cystic fibrosis.
B) Each child has a 50% chance of cystic fibrosis.
C) Each child has a 50% chance of being a carrier for cystic fibrosis.
D) All children will be carriers for cystic fibrosis.

Question 18

When developing a nursing care plan for a child with cystic fibrosis, which problem should be addressed?

A) Malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins
B) Malabsorption of proteins
C) Malabsorption of water-soluble vitamins
D) Malabsorption of carbohydrates

Question 19

Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess in a child with bronchiectasis?

A) A mild nonproductive cough
B) An intermittent dry hacking cough
C) A severe persistent cough with mucopurulent sputum
D) A cough that produces clear frothy sputum

Question 20

Which characteristics would the nurse expect in the stool of a child with cystic fibrosis?

A) Clay-colored stools
B) Large foul-smelling stools
C) Black tarry stools
D) Thin pencil-like stools