Deck 17: Restrictive Lung Disorders

Question 1

An assessment of a patient with restrictive lung disease will most likely reveal:

A) shallow, rapid breathing.
B) deep, slow breathing.
C) shallow, slow breathing.
D) deep, rapid breathing.

Answer 1

shallow, rapid breathing.

Question 2

Calculate the alveolar ventilation of a patient in the postanesthesia care unit, following general anesthesia, if the patient inhales 400 mL of air in each breath 10 times per minute.

A) 1.5 L/min
B) 2.0 L/min
C) 2.5 L/min
D) 3.0 L/min

Answer 2

2.5 L/min

Question 3

How many breaths per minute does a patient who breathes 250 mL/breath need to achieve a normal alveolar ventilation of 4.2 L/minute?

A) 12 breaths per minute
B) 16 breaths per minute
C) 20 breaths per minute
D) 42 breaths per minute

Answer 3

42 breaths per minute

Question 4

Which of the following healthy individuals is most at risk for aspiration?

A) A 3-year-old
B) A 22-year-old
C) A 55-year-old
D) A 78-year-old

Question 5

Which of the following teaching points should the nurse include as part of a community program on aspiration in adults?

A) The use of dentures reduces the risk of aspiration.
B) Alcohol increases the risk of aspiration.
C) The risk of aspiration increases in warm weather.
D) A foreign body is more likely to obstruct both bronchi.

Question 6

When planning care for a patient with resorption atelectasis, the nurse should keep which of the following principles in mind?

A) Alveolar collapse occurs that is undetected by chest x-ray.
B) Fibrotic changes reduce lung expansion.
C) An accumulation of excess air compresses lung tissue.
D) Excess mucous production is the most common cause of the associated obstruction.

Question 7

When assessing a patient with right-sided closed tension pneumothorax, the nurse would expect to find:

A) the trachea displaced to the right.
B) the trachea displaced to the left.
C) an open chest wound.
D) air exits the chest wall during exhalation.

Question 8

When assessing a patient with left-sided tension pneumothorax, the nurse would expect to auscultate:

A) wheezing on expiration.
B) adventitious breath sounds over the left lung.
C) lack of breath sounds over the right lung.
D) a sucking sound across both lung fields.

Question 9

Which finding would the nurse expect in a patient with a large tension pneumothorax?

A) Diaphragm is lower on the affected side.
B) Diaphragm is lower on the ipsilateral side.
C) Diaphragm is higher on the affected side.
D) Diaphragm is higher on the ipsilateral side.

Question 10

Which laboratory finding would the nurse expect in a patient with empyema secondary to lung abscess?

A) Straw-colored clear pleural fluid
B) Cloudy pleural fluid with frank pus
C) Purulent exudate with yellow-green pus
D) Blood tinged pleural fluid

Question 11

Which assessment is the nurse most likely to make in a patient with flail chest?

A) The flail portion of the chest moves inward with inspiration.
B) The flail portion of the chest moves inward with expiration.
C) The flail portion of the chest moves outward with inspiration.
D) The flail portion of the chest does not move with respiration.

Question 12

The school nurse notes a concave appearance to the anterior chest wall in a middle-school child. The nurse documents this finding as:

A) pectus carinatum.
B) pectus excavatum.
C) kyphoscoliosis.
D) lordosis.

Question 13

Which of the following descriptions of the course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) would the nurse include in a teaching plan to a patient newly diagnosed with this disorder?

A) It is an acute disorder.
B) It is progressive and may be lethal.
C) It can be cured.
D) It can be successfully controlled with medication.

Question 14

Which of the following individuals is at greatest risk for developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?

A) A 55-year-old African American nonsmoking man
B) A 65-year-old Caucasian man who currently smokes
C) A 58-year-old Asian nonsmoking woman
D) A 30-year-old Caucasian women who smoked briefly in her early 20s

Question 15

Which findings typically cause an individual with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) to first seek medical care?

A) Peripheral edema and dyspnea on exertion
B) Shallow and fast respirations
C) Cyanosis and clubbing of fingernails
D) Dyspnea on exertion and cough with minimal sputum production

Question 16

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect when assessing an adult obese patient with bibasilar atelectasis?

A) Diminished chest expansion
B) Intercostal retractions on inspiration
C) Diminished breath sounds in all lung fields
D) Barrel-shaped chest

Question 17

Which statement made by a patient with suspected sarcoidosis requires more teaching by the nurse?

A) "As an African American women, I have a higher risk of dying from this disease than a Caucasian woman."
B) "My red, watery eyes are most likely from my sarcoidosis."
C) "A blood test can diagnosis sarcoidosis."
D) "Corticosteroids can help reduce acute symptoms of sarcoidosis."

Question 18

When preparing a nursing care plan for a patient with a restrictive lung disorder, the nurse should keep in mind that restrictive lung disorders:

A) decrease the volume of airflow to the lungs.
B) result in overinflated alveoli.
C) increase elasticity of the lungs.
D) do not affect lung perfusion.

Question 19

Which of the following is not an indication for administering 100% oxygen to a patient with a restrictive lung disorder?

A) Hypoxemia caused by a thickened alveolar-capillary membrane
B) Hypoxemia caused by hypoventilation
C) Hypoxemia caused by a venous-to-arterial shunt
D) Hypoxemia caused by deep breathing

Question 20

Which principle should the emergency department nurse bear in mind when treating patients for foreign body obstruction of the airway?

A) An adult is more likely to aspirate a small foreign body into the right mainstem bronchus.
B) An adult is more likely to aspirate a small foreign body into the left mainstem bronchus.
C) A school-age child is more likely to aspirate a small foreign body into the right mainstem bronchus.
D) A school-age child is more likely to aspirate a small foreign body into the left mainstem bronchus.