Deck 23: Darkening Decades: Recovery, Dictators, and Depression, 1920-1939

Question 1

In the years after World War I

A) Both victors and vanquished enjoyed great prosperity with low inflation
B) Democratic governments were established throughout all of Europe
C) European colonial empires ended
D) The unresolved problems of the times helped lead to World War II

Answer 1

The unresolved problems of the times helped lead to World War II

Question 2

In the immediate aftermath of World War I

A) German reparations payments prevented any serious economic difficulties in Britain and France
B) International trade was quickly reestablished
C) The currencies of the victorious powers retained most of their pre-World War I purchasing power
D) All of these options are incorrect

Answer 2

All of these options are incorrect

Question 3

Gandhi and Nehru led the drive for independence in which nation, with Gandhi utilizing the technique of civil disobedience?

A) China
B) India
C) France
D) Japan

Answer 3

India

Question 4

The German government established in the aftermath of World War I was known as the

A) Third Reich
B) Third Republic
C) Weimar Republic
D) Holy Roman Empire

Question 5

Of the major countries after World War I, the one that suffered the worst inflation was

A) Britain
B) Germany
C) The United States
D) France

Question 6

During the 1920's, Germany

A) Seemed to be prosperous and peaceful, joining the League of Nations and signing treaties with Belgium and France
B) Adopted Hitler's ideas
C) Restored its pre-World War I boundaries
D) All of these options are incorrect

Question 7

Which decade was dubbed "roaring?"

A) 1910s
B) 1920s
C) 1930s
D) 1940s

Question 8

T.S. Eliot wrote which famous poem?

A) "The Waste Land"
B) "The Charge of the Light Brigade"
C) "Metropolis"
D) "Bauhaus"

Question 9

A leading institution for the development of modern architecture was the Bauhaus, located in

A) Britain
B) Germany
C) Italy
D) France

Question 10

Which artistic style stressed the absence of purpose in life?

A) Impressionist
B) Realist
C) Dada
D) Romantic

Question 11

Which book, written by WWI veteran Remarque, chronicled the horrors of trench warfare from the German perspective?

A) Ulysses
B) Revolt of the Masses
C) The Decline of the West
D) All Quiet on the Western Front

Question 12

Which famous work of the era utilizes the stream of consciousness style to describe the life of workers in Dublin?

A) Ulysses
B) Revolt of the Masses
C) The Decline of the West
D) All Quiet on the Western Front

Question 13

Eastern European countries in the 1920s

A) Overcame their nationality problems
B) For the most part became monarchies
C) For the most part became nationalistic dictatorships
D) Usually became strong democracies

Question 14

The anti-liberal political ideology that arose in Italy after World War I was

A) Fascism
B) Communism
C) Nazism
D) Utopianism

Question 15

After World War I, Italy

A) Became a democratic republic
B) Saw its monarchy replaced by the rule of the pope
C) Became strongly Communist
D) Suffered from a weak economy and considerable political and social unrest

Question 16

The founder of Fascism was

A) Mussolini
B) Cavour
C) Victor Emmanuel
D) Garibaldi

Question 17

Fascist Italy under Mussolini

A) Saw greater economic opportunities for women
B) Undertook a radical attack on the Catholic Church and the pope
C) Saw labor exalted at the expense of employers
D) Was concerned more with the appearance of power than with political and economic reality

Question 18

After the Russian Revolution, Lenin

A) Voluntarily resigned his powers to Stalin
B) Permitted small-scale capitalism with the NEP (New Economic Policy)
C) Undertook an invasion of Western Europe in the hope of establishing Communist regimes everywhere
D) All of these options are correct

Question 19

Before Stalin, the Soviet Union in the 1920s

A) Emphasized traditional family life
B) In spite of its proclaimed equality, permitted Communist Party members, the military and the . intellectual elite to enjoy a higher standard of living
C) Forced all peasants to work for the state
D) All of these options are incorrect

Question 20

After several years of political maneuvering, ________ emerged as the successor of Lenin

A) Stalin
B) Trotsky
C) Bukharin
D) Rasputin

Question 21

The Five Year Plans were

A) Mussolini's ideas for Italian agricultural development
B) Stalin's ideas for a rapid increase in industrial production in the Soviet Union
C) The means by which the United States ended the Great Depression
D) Hitler's plans for German rearmament

Question 22

The collectivization of agriculture in the Soviet Union

A) Led to peasant resistance and a famine that took 4 to 6 million lives
B) Was abandoned by Stalin because of its lack of success
C) Was supported by the kulaks
D) All of the option presented are incorrect

Question 23

Stalin's Great Purges

A) Was directed against the remaining supporters of the Tsar
B) Was directed especially against members of the Communist Party
C) Resulted in Trotsky replacing Stalin
D) All of these options are correct

Question 24

The Great Depression

A) Occurred after World War II
B) Occurred only in the United States; Europe was spared serious economic problems
C) Was caused by Stalin's Five Year Plans
D) All of these options are incorrect

Question 25

The National Socialist German Workers' Party

A) Was, in spite of its name, not traditionally socialist nor did it appeal much to urban workers
B) Was founded by Adolf Hitler
C) Was a pre-World War I political party that collapsed in 1920
D) All of these options are incorrect

Question 26

Which of the following was not a doctrine of the Nazi Party?

A) Strong hatred of Jewish elements in German Society
B) Undoing the "unjust" Treaty of Versailles
C) Making Germany a truly democratic state
D) The exaltation of Germans as the great example of the "Aryan" race

Question 27

Adolf Hitler came to power in Germany

A) Through the Beer Hall Putsch in 1923
B) Because the Nazi Party became the largest political organization in Germany in 1932
C) Through secret help from Stalin, though Hitler later turned on him
D) All of these options are incorrect

Question 28

The appeal of the Nazi Party in Germany

A) Was exclusively to the German working class
B) Was based solely upon Nazi racism
C) Was surprisingly broad-to youth, displaced World War I veterans and the lower middle class
D) Was especially to German intellectuals

Question 29

As part of the effort to control Germany, the Nazi party did all of the following except

A) Encourage women to become homemakers with large numbers of children
B) Undertake persecution of Jews
C) Organize spectacular political rallies, to present the image of Hitler as a heroic leader
D) Promote Jazz and modern art

Question 30

As part of his plans for military expansion, Hitler

A) Developed a secret Four-Year Plan for German rearmament
B) Took Germany out of the League of Nations and the Geneva Disarmament Conference
C) Abolished independent labor unions and created the Nazi Labor Front
D) All of these options are correct

Question 31

The middle class was the best able to adjust to the great European inflation that resulted from World War I.

Question 32

Gandhi and Nehru led the movement for independence in China.

Question 33

The British clashed with the Irish throughout the 1920s.

Question 34

The German regime that emerged after World War I is called the Weimar Republic.

Question 35

German post-World War I reparations payments to France were increased by the Dawes Plan.

Question 36

The Treaty of Locarno of 1925 guaranteed the existing boundaries of France and Belgium with Germany.

Question 37

"The Waste Land" was written by James Joyce.

Question 38

The Dada movement stressed the absence of purpose in life.

Question 39

James Joyce utilized the "stream of consciousness" technique in his masterpiece Ulysses.

Question 40

The new countries that emerged in eastern Europe after World War I usually had democratic governments.

Question 41

Mussolini started his political career as a socialist.

Question 42

Lenin intended that the NEP be the capstone of communism.

Question 43

At the death of Lenin, most outside observers concluded that Stalin would be his successor.

Question 44

A major purpose of Stalin's collectivization of agriculture was to use the agricultural surpluses to finance the Five Year Plan's industrialization.

Question 45

In the great purges of the 1930s in the Soviet Union, most of the victims were former capitalists.

Question 46

By the end of the 1930s the USSR was the third-greatest industrial power in the world.

Question 47

The Great Depression was triggered when the stock market crashed in London.

Question 48

The Great Depression crippled the American economy but had little effect on the economies of Europe.

Question 49

Hitler blamed Jews and Marxists for the German defeat in World War I.

Question 50

Hitler's "Beer Hall Putsch" destroyed the Weimar government in Germany.

Question 51

The Nuremberg Laws deprived German Jews of their citizenship.

Question 52

Gandhi and Nehru fought for independence from Britain in _______.

Question 53

Gandhi utilized the technique of ___________ to promote sympathy for the cause of Indian independence.

Question 54

The German government that came to power at the end of World War I is known as the ________Republic.

Question 55

The Treaty of ________, signed by Germany, France, Italy, Britain and Belgium, guaranteed the German boundaries with France and Belgium.

Question 56

T.S. Eliot wrote __________, one of the most famous poems of the era.

Question 57

Remarque wrote __________, which chronicled the horrors of trench warfare in WWI from a German perspective.

Question 58

The ________ movement in art stressed the absence of purpose in life.

Question 59

__________ was a leading author and feminist of the era who wrote To the Lighthouse and A Room of One's Own.

Question 60

Both the German painter Otto Dix and the German film director Fritz Lang chose the same title for one of their major works, ________.

Question 61

The political movement founded in Italy by Mussolini is called ________.

Question 62

In 1921, in a temporary retreat from communism, Lenin announced the ________ (or NEP).

Question 63

After the death of Lenin most outside observers expected that ________ would succeed him.

Question 64

The major program for industrial growth in Russia, promulgated by Stalin, was the ________.

Question 65

The terror unleashed by Stalin in the Soviet Union during the 1930s is called the ________.

Question 66

Hitler published the core of his political and racial beliefs in ________.

Question 67

In 1935 German Jews were stripped of their citizenship by the ________.

Question 68

Discuss the Weimar Republic in Germany during the 1920s show what important problems it faced, how it faced them and how successful it was in resolving them.

Question 69

Do you think that the 1920s was a period of real recovery and cultural flowering or was it a haunted, anxious decade? Why?

Question 70

Why was Mussolini able to come to power? Was this a result only of specific problems in Italy or was in part a result of more universal problems arising from World War I?

Question 71

Was Stalin's dictatorship a logical outgrowth of the Russian Revolution? Why or why not?

Question 72

Why should Germans have become so discontent with their government that over forty percent would vote for the Nazis in a free election?

Question 73

How did Hitler's racial beliefs affect the origins, main events and even the outcome of World War II?

Question 74

What effect did the Five Year Plans, collectivization of agriculture and the Great Purges have on the Soviet Union during the 1930s?

Question 75

In what ways were the forces unleashed by World War I responsible for the rise of authoritarian governments in Europe?