Question 1

A client who is a short-distance sprinter asks about anaerobic and aerobic exercise. Which response should the nurse make to this client?&#10;A) &#34;Aerobic energy is created solely from fat metabolism.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Long-distance running and sprinting are both classified as aerobic exercises.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Glucose is required to perform anaerobic energy for sprinting short distances.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Long-distance running is an anaerobic exercise and sprinting is an aerobic exercise.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Glucose provides energy for anaerobic exercise. Anaerobic exercises are those that involve short bursts of energy expenditure that last up to 2 minutes. Aerobic exercises are those that require oxygen and metabolism of glucose and fat. Long-distance running is classified as an aerobic exercise and sprinting for short distances is typically an anaerobic exercise.

Question 2

A client in training for a marathon requests information about carbohydrates. Which client statement indicates that teaching about this topic has occurred?&#10;A) &#34;Glucose is stored in the kidneys as glycogen.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;My carbohydrate needs are based on my body weight.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I need to eat all of my carbohydrates for the day just prior to exercising.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;High-fiber foods often have a higher glycemic index than foods with low-fiber content.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate intake during training should be based on body weight and not on a percentage of total caloric intake. High-fiber foods often have a low glycemic index and low-fiber foods typically have a high glycemic index. Carbohydrates should be eaten throughout the day to maintain glycogen stores. Glucose is stored as glycogen in the muscles and liver and can be converted back to glucose when the need arises.

Question 3

The nurse is evaluating a young client's risk for developing the &#34;female athlete triad.&#34; Which client statement indicates the client is at high risk for developing this problem?&#10;A) &#34;I play field hockey on a mostly male team.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I'm not a very competitive soccer player. I just really like to play.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I'm a gymnast and my coach thinks I need to lose another 5 pounds.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I can't keep up with this training schedule. I'm going to take some time off of training.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Athletes who play sports that emphasize thinness are more likely to develop the female athlete triad. The athlete who suffers from this develops low levels of available energy, decreased bone density, and amenorrhea. Gymnastics, ballet dancing, and figure skating are sports that place an emphasis on thinness. Field hockey and soccer emphasize toughness and endurance in athletes, not thinness. If the athlete has developed the issue, then it is important to decrease their training intensity and eat more food.

Question 4

A client has developed the female athlete triad. Which health problem is this client most at risk of developing when aging?&#10;A) Skin problems&#10;B) Difficulty breathing&#10;C) Physical mobility issues&#10;D) Changes with tissue perfusion

Accepted Answer

This client is most at risk for developing osteoporosis due to poor bone mineral density based upon inadequate food intake and intense exercise. The client is least likely to develop problems with skin, breathing, or tissue perfusion.

Question 5

The nurse reviews information about protein intake with a client who is an athlete. Which client statement indicates that teaching has been effective?&#10;A) &#34;I should have a glass of milk after working out.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Most of us need to eat more protein to help build muscle.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Many athletes overly restrict protein to decrease body fat.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Collegiate athletes benefit the most from protein supplements.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Dairy protein in particular is felt to trigger muscle protein synthesis more quickly than other protein sources because of the amino acid leucine found in these foods. Proteins supplements are not usually recommended. When advising an athlete about protein needs for training, the nurse should stress that first adequate calorie intake is required for protein in the diet to be used for muscle-building or recovery. Instead of restricting protein to decrease body fat, athletes will decrease fat intake.

Question 6

A client who is a body builder has noticed a decrease in muscle mass. What should the nurse suspect as the reason for this client's muscle mass change?&#10;A) Fat restriction&#10;B) Protein restriction&#10;C) Use of ergogenic aids&#10;D) Carbohydrate restriction

Accepted Answer

A common practice among body builders is to restrict fat intake to decrease body fat levels. However, this can lead to decreased growth and development in younger athletes, deficiency of essential fats, and decreased muscle mass. Athletes do not typically restrict carbohydrate levels or protein levels. The use of ergogenic aids is associated with stimulation of the central nervous system and would not produce these symptoms.

Question 7

The nurse prepares information on sports and nutrition for a group of community members. Which population is most likely to use fat instead of carbohydrates as an energy source during exercise?&#10;A) Ballet dancers&#10;B) Adolescence athletes&#10;C) Athletes who run marathons&#10;D) Athletes with chronic diseases

Accepted Answer

Athletes, who train for endurance sports like long-distance runners, are more likely to oxidize fat to provide energy instead of relying on glycogen and glucose. This ability is a product of aerobic conditioning. It is unrelated to a client's age and a diagnosis of a chronic disease. Ballet is not necessarily classified as an endurance sport and this is not the best answer.

Question 8

The nurse is preparing to educate a group of athletes about their dietary intake. Which concept regarding dietary intake of vitamins and minerals should the nurse teach an ice hockey player but would not necessarily be as important to teach to a field hockey player?

A) Importance of vitamin A
B) Importance of vitamin C
C) Importance of vitamin D
D) Importance of vitamin E

Accepted Answer

Vitamins A, C, and E are antioxidants and are being marketed to athletes to help with muscle stress associated with exercise. However, there is little evidence to show that this actually helps. All of these vitamins (A, C, E) could be used for people who exercise indoors and outside. Vitamin D and calcium intake are important for athletes, but even more important for the athlete that exercises indoors because they have less exposure to sunlight, which is a source of vitamin D. People who do not get enough calcium and vitamin D have weak bones.

Question 9

An adolescent female athlete has been menstruating at irregular intervals and does not have an adequate amount of calcium in the diet. Which health problem is this client at risk for developing?&#10;A) Arthritis&#10;B) Osteoporosis&#10;C) Multiple sclerosis&#10;D) Hyperparathyroidism

Accepted Answer

This client is experiencing menstrual irregularities and is not receiving an adequate source of dietary calcium. These two factors together place this client at an increased risk for developing stress fractures, bone loss, and osteoporosis. Due to high-impact training exercises, this client may be at risk for developing arthritis, but not as a result of low calcium intake combined with menstrual irregularities. This client does not have an increased risk for developing multiple sclerosis or hyperparathyroidism.

Question 10

A high school student who is on the wrestling team has been trying to drop weight before the next match and is now experiencing swollen fingers and a headache. Which laboratory finding should the nurse expect for this client?

A) Sodium 127 mEq/ L
B) Potassium 5.5 mEq/ L
C) Respiratory rate is 10 per minute
D) Temperature 97. 2 degrees Fahrenheit

Accepted Answer

A sodium level of 127 mEq/L is consistent with hyponatremia due to dehydration. The normal range of sodium is 135-145 mEq/ L. When clients are dehydrated, their potassium level would be decreased and their respiratory rate would increase. Their temperature would increase due to their inability to cool themselves through sweating and evaporation.

Question 11

A client wants to know how to adequately prevent dehydration and hyponatremia when running long distances. Which response should the nurse make?&#10;A) &#34;Avoid ingesting salty foods on the day of the race.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You should drink at every opportunity during the race.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Liberally salt your food and drink just to maintain your weight during the race.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Focus on increasing your consumption of potassium-rich foods during the race.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client wants to know how to...

Question 12

A client who is an athlete requests information about ergogenic aids. Which substance should the nurse include in the discussion?&#10;A) Alcohol&#10;B) Gatorade&#10;C) Bitter orange&#10;D) Peanut butter

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client who is an athlete requests...

Question 13

A client who is an athlete uses alcohol on the weekends and makes several claims about the impact of alcohol on performance. Which client statement about alcohol is a misconception that the nurse should correct?

A) "Alcohol has been linked with sports-related injuries."
B) "Alcohol increases my heart rate and can cause insomnia."
C) "Alcohol makes it difficult to rehydrate because it has diuretic effects."
D) "Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant and will negatively impact my performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client who is an athlete uses...

Question 14

A prepubescent client who is a gymnast trains for many hours every day and is concerned about eating a nutritious diet. Which is the best response by the nurse?&#10;A) &#34;You should probably quit.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You just need to eat three good meals every day.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;If you don't eat enough, you have a higher risk of developing bone cancer.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Could we talk about some of the barriers that prevent you from eating well?&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A prepubescent client who is a gymnast...

Question 15

A child becomes dehydrated while playing soccer and needs medical attention. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding for the reason why the child became ill during a sports activity?&#10;A) &#34;Children aren't able to sweat as much as an adult.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I lose a lot more heat than my child can because of my body size.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I can take more air into my lungs than my child can, and I get rid of a lot more heat that way.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Children always have a higher normal temperature than adults, so they're more prone to overheating.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child becomes dehydrated while playing soccer...

Question 16

The nurse is creating a care plan for an older adult client who is regularly physically active. Which topic should the nurse include?&#10;A) The older adult can rely on their level of thirst to know when they need to replace fluids.&#10;B) The older adult does not require as much fluid for rehydration when compared to a younger athlete.&#10;C) The older adult may need to eat more than the younger athlete during training to help restore depleted energy stores.&#10;D) The older adult has typically lost some muscle as a result of age and will have a lower basal metabolic rate than the younger athlete.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is creating a care plan...

Question 17

The nurse reviews the use of dietary supplements with a client who is an athlete. Which client statement indicates additional teaching is required?&#10;A) &#34;I hardly get sick anymore. I am so healthy.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I use it to treat my stress fracture in my ankle.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;My endurance is so much better than it used to be.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;It helps me maintain my muscles strength and I don't have to train as hard.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse reviews the use of dietary...

Question 18

A client is upset after being disqualified from a race. Which nutritional action most likely caused the client to be disqualified?&#10;A) Dehydration&#10;B) Low iron levels&#10;C) Increased carbohydrate intake prior to the race&#10;D) Use of a dietary supplement with an unlisted banned substance as an ingredient

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is upset after being disqualified...

Question 19

A client who participates in athletic events asks about the use of dietary supplements. Which statement should the nurse make to this client?&#10;A) &#34;They can prevent certain health conditions.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;There is no actual proof that they are safe or effective.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;The Food and Drug Administration regulates their product testing procedures.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Much of the research done with these dietary supplements can be generalized to the public.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client who participates in athletic events...

Deck 13: Nutrition in Sports