Deck 5: Ethics and Health Education/Promotion

Question 1

To help determine whether it is right or wrong to end a person's life, one would apply which one of the following areas of philosophy?

A) Ethics
B) Physiology
C) Metaphysics
D) Epistemology

Answer 1

Ethics

Question 2

The study of knowledge is known as

A) ethics.
B) philodoxy.
C) physiology.
D) epistemology.

Answer 2

epistemology.

Question 3

The study of the nature of reality is known as

A) ethics.
B) physiology.
C) metaphysics.
D) health education.

Answer 3

metaphysics.

Question 4

According to the textbook, what are the three major areas of philosophy?

A) Nonmaleficence, the Golden Rule, and transcendentalism
B) Metaphysics, religion, and human secularism
C) Epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics
D) Christianity, Islam, and Judaism

Question 5

The expected norms of a person who practices health education/promotion are found in

A) an ethical decision making model.
B) a professional code of ethics.
C) their personal philosophy.
D) the job advertisements.

Question 6

Which of the following reasons for behaving ethically was not stated by the authors of the textbook?

A) Ethical living provides for a better society for all
B) Ethical behavior always assures a higher income
C) Those that are ethical tend to lead healthier, more emotionally satisfying lives
D) Ethical behavior makes health education/promotion programs more effective

Question 7

Which one of the explanations below was not used to explain why health education specialists should act ethically?

A) Other professionals expect ethical behavior
B) Ethical behavior tends to lead to a healthier life
C) Ethical behavior brings purpose to the life of an individual
D) Health educators must aspire for a reputation that reflects a life of personal integrity

Question 8

If you believe individuals should always have the right to choose what happens to their own bodies (e.g., abortion or euthanasia should be legal choices), your decision making is based upon which category of ethical theory?

A) Deontology
B) Capitalism
C) Epistemology
D) Teleology

Question 9

If you believe abortion should be legal only in cases of rape or incest, your decision making is most likely based upon which category of ethical theory?

A) Deontology
B) Beneficence
C) Epistemology
D) Teleology

Question 10

Teleological theories can best be summarized as

A) do unto others as you would do unto yourself.
B) the end does not justify the means.
C) the end does justify the means.
D) if it feels good, do it.

Question 11

Deontological theories can best be summarized as

A) do unto others as you would do unto yourself.
B) the end does not justify the means.
C) the end does justify the means.
D) if it feels good, do it.

Question 12

________ focuses on the actions that are right and wrong in the workplace and are of public matter.

A) Morals
B) Capitalism
C) Epistemology
D) Professional ethics

Question 13

The purpose of a professional code of ethics is to

A) provide a framework of shared values in which health education/promotion is practiced.
B) determine the salary range for health education specialists.
C) establish who can practice health education/promotion.
D) determine the skills and duties of the profession.

Question 14

Which one of the following health education/promotion professional organizations was the first to develop a written code of ethics?

A) Eta Sigma Gamma
B) Society for Public Health Education.
C) American Public Health Association
D) American School Health Association

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct order of the ten steps in ethical decision making? 1. Choose, act on your choice, and monitor the results
2) Consider the consequences of the alternatives
3) Consider the nature of the alternatives
4) Define the problem, identify the ethical issues, and seek answers to relevant questions
5) Identify alternatives
6) Reflect on yourself
7) Identify who will be affected
8) Apply the categorical imperative
9) Contemplate ultimate goals and ideals
10) Reflect on your society and your environment

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
B) 4, 7, 2, 9, 3, 8, 10, 6, 5, 1
C) 4, 7, 9, 5, 2, 3, 6, 10, 8, 1
D) 4, 7, 1, 8, 10, 6, 2, 3, 5, 9

Question 16

The first step of the ethical decision making model presented in the text is

A) self-reflection.
B) defining the nature of the problem.
C) choosing your alternative.
D) considering all possible consequences.

Question 17

The final step of the ethical decision making model presented in the text is

A) self-reflection.
B) defining the nature of the problem.
C) choosing your alternative.
D) considering all possible consequences.

Question 18

What are the two techniques used to protect the privacy of program participants?

A) Confidentiality and anonymity
B) Informed consent and justice
C) Honesty and anonymity
D) Nonmaleficence and beneficence

Question 19

The obligation for health educators to provide service to all citizens is based upon which one of the following principles?

A) Justice
B) Honesty
C) Beneficence
D) Nonmaleficence

Question 20

Which of the following was not one of the procedures identified by the authors that a profession can put into place to help ensure ethical behavior by all?

A) A credentialing process
B) Signing a loyalty pledge
C) Graduation for academic programs
D) Requiring the completion of an internship

Question 21

When a health education specialist encourages a specific behavior because its benefits far outweigh the potential for harm, which ethical principle has been applied?

A) Nonmaleficence
B) Value of life
C) Honesty
D) Justice

Question 22

The obligation for health educators to provide service to all citizens is based primarily upon which ethical principle?

A) Nonmaleficence
B) Value of life
C) Honesty
D) Justice

Question 23

Withholding health information that would help an individual make an informed decision about participating in a healthy behavior violates which one of the following ethical principles?

A) Autonomy
B) Value of life
C) Beneficence
D) Justice

Question 24

________ deals with whether fair procedures exist and whether those procedures were followed.

A) Justice
B) Distributive justice
C) Procedural justice
D) Benevolence

Question 25

_______deals with the allocation of resources.

A) Allocation justice
B) Procedural justice
C) Distributive justice
D) Allowance justice

Question 26

________ is being aware that an ethical problem exists.

A) Honesty
B) Justice
C) Moral sensitivity
D) Ethical decision-making

Question 27

The basic concept associated with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 is

A) privacy.
B) fairness.
C) autonomy.
D) nonmaleficence.

Question 28

Ethics is the study of philosophy.

Question 29

Ethics, epistemology, and moral philosophy are the three major areas of philosophy.

Question 30

A distinction can be made between ethics and morals.

Question 31

There are three major areas of philosophy.

Question 32

There is a relationship between ethical behavior and one's health.

Question 33

Philosophers are in agreement as to what constitutes ethical behavior.

Question 34

Deontological theories include ethical theories that determine rightness or wrongness of a behavior based upon the consequences of the behavior.

Question 35

Teleological theories refer to ethical theories that determine the morality of a behavior regardless of circumstances or outcomes.

Question 36

Research ethics provide principles and standards that guide appropriate conduct relevant to research behaviors.

Question 37

Beneficence refers to always being honest or truthful.

Question 38

The principle of goodness is related to both beneficence and nonmaleficence.

Question 39

Autonomy is one of the five basic principles that Thiroux states can be applied to human morality.

Question 40

Ethical dilemmas arise from competing principles of ethics.

Question 41

There exists only one recognized guide to making ethical decisions.

Question 42

The system of norms that guide professional behavior is referred to as a code of ethics.

Question 43

True professions have the ability to sanction members who behave unethically.

Question 44

All professional health education organizations have a written code of ethics.

Question 45

List two reasons why health education specialists should act ethically and identify one method professions use to help ensure ethical behavior.

Question 46

You and a co-worker have been asked to develop a pregnancy prevention program for adolescents in your community. Your supervisor has indicated strong support for a program that uses inaccurate and misleading information. Even after the shortcomings of the program have been discussed, your supervisor continues to support the use of the materials. Explain which of the two categories of ethical theories would support the continued use of the materials, and describe the circumstances for their continued use. Apply the model of ethical decision making outlined in the text to show how you would select your course of action.

Question 47

Identify two ethical issues in health education/promotion and explain why you consider them ethical issues. Be sure to refer to two or more of the principles involved to show why there is an ethical issue.

Question 48

In the discussion of ethical issues in health education/promotion, the authors identify five obligations related to the practice of health education/promotion (obligations and available services; obligations between professional and clients; obligations to third parties; obligations between professionals and employers; and obligations to the profession). Identify the obligation that is most important to you. Describe the issues related to the obligation and the underlying ethical principle(s). Provide a rationale for your choice.