Deck 33: Treatment of Infections I: Antibacterial Drugs

Question 1

To limit the development of bacteria that are resistant to drug therapy,it is encouraged that

A) a broad spectrum drug should be used instead of a narrow spectrum agent
B) antibacterial drugs should be administered even before performing culture and sensitivity tests that identify the pathogenic bacteria
C) antiviral drugs should be administered along with antibacterial agents
D) all the above
E) none of the above

Answer 1

none of the above

Question 2

Certain antibacterial drugs such as trimethoprim and the sulfonamide drugs (e.g.,sulfadiazine,sulfamethoxazole)selectively inhibit the synthesis and function of nucleic acids and certain essential amino acids by impairing the production of ______ in bacterial cells.

A) ATP
B) glucose
C) folic acid
D) fatty acids
E) mitochondria

Answer 2

folic acid

Question 3

Beta-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanate,sulbactam,and tazobactam are typically combined with a specific type of penicillin

A) to increase the absorption of penicillin from the GI tract
B) to enhance the penetration of penicillin into the bacterial cell
C) to prevent the beta-lactamase enzyme from destroying the penicillin
D) to prevent excessive excretion of the penicillin from the kidneys (i.e., more penicillin is retained in the body)
E) none of the above are true

Answer 3

to prevent the beta-lactamase enzyme from destroying the penicillin

Question 4

Bacteria can become resistant to antibacterial drugs by

A) developing enzymes that destroy the drug
B) modifying or masking the site where the antibacterial drug typically binds on or within the bacterial cell
C) modifying the bacterial enzymes normally targeted by the drug
D) developing drug efflux pumps that expel the drug from the bacterial cell
E) all the above are true

Question 5

Aminoglycosides,erythromycin,the tetracyclines,and several other antibacterial drugs affect the function of the bacterial _______,thereby impairing______ in the bacterial cell.

A) nucleus; messenger RNA transcription
B) ribosome; messenger RNA translation
C) membrane; active transport
D) ribosome; passive diffusion
E) nucleus; messenger RNA translation

Question 6

Rehabilitation interventions that use ultraviolet irradiation (UV light)should be used cautiously in people taking antibacterial drugs because antibacterial drugs may cause

A) pulmonary edema
B) photosensitivity
C) renal failure
D) tendinopathy
E) rhabdomyolisis

Question 7

Antibacterial drugs work by all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT inhibition of

A) bacterial intracellular calcium release
B) bacterial cell wall synthesis and function
C) bacterial protein synthesis
D) bacterial nucleic acid synthesis
E) none of the above are true; antibacterial drugs use all the mechanisms listed

Question 8

Penicillin,cephalosporins,and several other commonly used antibacterial drugs exert their antibacterial effects by inhibiting the function of ______,which results in impaired production of _________ that are essential for normal membrane structure and function.

A) folic acid; nucleic acids
B) penicillin-binding proteins; ribosomes
C) folic acid; ribosomes
D) penicillin-binding proteins; peptidoglycans
E) nucleic acids; folic acids

Question 9

Tendon pain and inflammation (tendinopathy)that can be severe and ultimately lead to tendon rupture may be caused by

A) penicillins
B) tetracyclines
C) vancomycin
D) aminoglycosides such as gentamicin and streptomycin
E) fluoroquinolones such as ofloxacin