Question 1

The diagnostic feature of multiple myeloma is best documented by:&#10;A) Peripheral blood smear analysis&#10;B) Serum electrophoresis&#10;C) Measurement of serum osmolarity&#10;D) Measurement of serum calcium&#10;E) Molecular biology

Accepted Answer

The diagnostic feature of multiple myeloma is the presence of a monoclonal spike on serum electrophoresis, indicating the overproduction of an abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulin protein. Peripheral blood smear analysis, serum calcium, and serum osmolarity may show abnormalities, but they are not specific for multiple myeloma. Molecular biology may be used for further characterization of the myeloma cells, but it is not typically used for diagnosis.

Question 2

The most common symptom of lymphomas is:&#10;A) Lymph node enlargement&#10;B) Infection&#10;C) Fever&#10;D) Pruritus&#10;E) Sweating

Accepted Answer

Lymph node enlargement is the most common symptom of lymphomas. Other symptoms include fatigue, unexplained weight loss, night sweats, and itching. In some cases, lymphoma may also present with infection, fever, pruritus, or sweating, but these are less common symptoms. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 3

All of the following findings are typical of secondary polycythemia except:&#10;A) Increased number of red blood cells in circulation&#10;B) Hyperviscosity of the blood&#10;C) Increased number of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow&#10;D) Increased incidence of thrombi&#10;E) Association with myelodysplastic syndromes

Accepted Answer

Secondary polycythemia is usually caused by an increased production of erythropoietin due to a hypoxic stimulus, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or sleep apnea, and is not typically associated with myelodysplastic syndromes. A, B, C, and D are typical findings in secondary polycythemia.

Question 4

Sickle cell hemoglobin is routinely identified in the laboratory by:&#10;A) Polarized light microscopy&#10;B) Electron microscopy&#10;C) Electrophoresis&#10;D) Immunochemistry&#10;E) Electron spin microscopy

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell hemoglobin is routinely identified in the laboratory by electrophoresis, which separates hemoglobins based on their charge and size differences.

Question 5

Which leukemia has the best prognosis without chemotherapy?&#10;A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia&#10;B) Acute myelogenous leukemia&#10;C) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia&#10;D) Chronic myelogenous leukemia&#10;E) Plasma cell leukemia

Accepted Answer

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia typically has a slow progression and can often be managed without chemotherapy for several years before requiring treatment.

Question 6

All of the following are hemolytic anemias caused by red blood cell abnormalities (intracorpuscular defects)except:&#10;A) Sickle cell anemia&#10;B) Hereditary spherocytosis&#10;C) Thalassemia major&#10;D) Thalassemia minor&#10;E) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is caused by antibodies attacking the red blood cells, which is an extracorpuscular defect, not an intrinsic defect of the red blood cells themselves.

Question 7

The most common form of leukemia in children younger than 5 years is:&#10;A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia&#10;B) Acute myelogenous leukemia&#10;C) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia&#10;D) Chronic myelogenous leukemia&#10;E) Plasma cell leukemia

Accepted Answer

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of leukemia in children, accounting for about 75% of childhood leukemia cases. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is less common in children and more prevalent in adults. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) are very rare in children. Plasma cell leukemia is a rare type of blood cancer that primarily affects adults.

Question 8

Aplastic anemia is most often:&#10;A) Idiopathic&#10;B) Secondary to viral infection&#10;C) Radiation induced&#10;D) Drug induced&#10;E) Immune mediated

Accepted Answer

Aplastic anemia is most often idiopathic, meaning the cause is unknown. While it can be secondary to other factors like viral infections, radiation, drugs, or immune-mediated processes, the majority of cases have no identifiable cause.

Question 9

Fibrin split products are typically found in the urine of patients who have:&#10;A) Hemophilia A&#10;B) Hemophilia B&#10;C) Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)&#10;D) Aplastic anemia&#10;E) Thrombocytopenia

Accepted Answer

Fibrin split products are produced when a blood clot is degraded. In DIC, multiple small blood clots form throughout the body, leading to the consumption of clotting factors and subsequently the breakdown of clots. This process releases fibrin split products into the bloodstream, which can then be excreted in the urine. Hemophilia A and B are genetic deficiencies of clotting factors, while aplastic anemia and thrombocytopenia refer to decreased production and/or function of platelets.

Question 10

Punched-out bone lesions of the calvaria seen by x-ray examination are typical of:&#10;A) Hodgkin's disease&#10;B) Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura&#10;C) Multiple myeloma&#10;D) Aplastic anemia&#10;E) Lymphocytic lymphoma

Accepted Answer

Punched-out bone lesions of the calvaria are a classic radiographic finding in multiple myeloma, a cancer of plasma cells that can cause bone destruction. The other conditions listed do not typically present with this specific radiographic finding.

Question 11

Microcytic hypochromic anemia with low hemosiderin stores in the bone marrow responds favorably to treatment with:&#10;A) Vitamin C&#10;B) Vitamin B12&#10;C) Folic acid&#10;D) Iron&#10;E) Selenium

Accepted Answer

The answer of Microcytic hypochromic anemia with low hemosiderin stores...

Question 12

Overall,the most common form of leukemia is:&#10;A) Acute lymphoblastic leukemia&#10;B) Acute myelogenous leukemia&#10;C) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia&#10;D) Chronic myelogenous leukemia&#10;E) Plasma cell leukemia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Overall,the most common form of leukemia is:&#10;A)...

Question 13

Epstein-Barr virus,a possible cause of Burkitt's lymphoma,has a predilection for infecting:&#10;A) T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes&#10;B) T-helper lymphocytes&#10;C) Plasma cells&#10;D) B lymphocytes&#10;E) Eosinophils

Accepted Answer

The answer of Epstein-Barr virus,a possible cause of Burkitt's lymphoma,has...

Question 14

Which lymphoma is classified as a low-grade lymphoma?&#10;A) Follicular lymphoma&#10;B) Diffuse large-cell lymphoma&#10;C) Burkitt's lymphoma&#10;D) Immunoblastic lymphoma&#10;E) Lymphoblastic lymphoma

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which lymphoma is classified as a low-grade...

Question 15

The sickling of red blood cells of patients with sickle cell anemia can be induced in a test tube by exposing the blood to:&#10;A) Normal blood&#10;B) Normal serum&#10;C) Oxygen&#10;D) An oxygen-binding chemical such as metabisulfite&#10;E) Alkali

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sickling of red blood cells of...

Question 16

Which virus is a proven cause of leukemia/lymphoma in humans?&#10;A) Epstein-Barr virus&#10;B) HIV&#10;C) HTLV-1&#10;D) HPV&#10;E) CMV

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which virus is a proven cause of...

Question 17

Thalassemia minor is a disease involving the gene that encodes:&#10;A) Globin chains of hemoglobin&#10;B) The heme portion of hemoglobin&#10;C) The iron-binding portion of hemoglobin&#10;D) The porphyrin ring of hemoglobin&#10;E) Bilirubin synthetase

Accepted Answer

The answer of Thalassemia minor is a disease involving the...

Question 18

Which vitamin is necessary for the liver to synthesize clotting factors: II,VII,IX,and X?&#10;A) Vitamin B12&#10;B) Vitamin B6&#10;C) Vitamin K&#10;D) Vitamin C&#10;E) Vitamin D

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which vitamin is necessary for the liver...

Question 19

Macrocytic,megaloblastic anemia occurs typically in association with:&#10;A) Chronic dermatitis&#10;B) Atrophic gastritis&#10;C) Hypothyroidism&#10;D) Old age&#10;E) Chronic osteoarthritis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Macrocytic,megaloblastic anemia occurs typically in association with:&#10;A)...

Question 20

Consumption of platelets associated with widespread hemorrhages is a feature of:&#10;A) Hemophilia A&#10;B) Hemophilia B&#10;C) Aplastic anemia&#10;D) Leukemia&#10;E) Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consumption of platelets associated with widespread hemorrhages...

Deck 9: The Hematopoietic and Lymphoid System